Ultrasound 32 weeks transcript. Ultrasound decoding

Women need to be as responsible as possible. This period is characterized not only by significant changes in the weight and height of the child, but also by active development. Any movement of the baby becomes more and more sensitive. A woman can feel the movement of her arms or legs by touching her tummy with her hand. At week 32, the formation of the fetal brain is coming to an end and the work of the central nervous system.

In connection with the active growth of the baby, the mother's stomach also increases significantly. Therefore, during this period of pregnancy, women should wear loose-fitting clothes, avoiding squeezing and tightening the rapidly growing abdomen. At this time, there is a frequent change in the positions of the child, which can provoke pain symptoms.

The 32nd week of pregnancy refers to the 8th month, that is, the end of the term. Therefore, already in this period, expectant mothers should start preparing for a trip to the hospital, namely, collecting the necessary things, documents, or, for starters, compiling a complete list of them. By the 32-week period, women need to choose a hospital suitable for an early birth and be mentally prepared for the onset of labor.

32 weeks of child development: key indicators and norms

Indicators such as the weight and height of the baby are individual. However, there are standard values. By 32 weeks of development, the child should reach 430 mm in length, and its weight is approaching 2 kg. Small shifts from the norm up or down are not a cause for concern. Whether the difference between the height and weight of the baby obtained on ultrasound and the norm is acceptable is judged by the district gynecologist, taking into account some factors, such as heredity, etc.

By this period, the formation of the baby's body and the development of systems responsible for vital activity are completed. Changes are also observed in the appearance of the baby: the face acquires smoothness, expressiveness and more rounded outlines, the skin - a light tone, the arms with legs - plumpness. Also, the 8th month of bearing a baby is characterized by the development and growth of the hairline.

By this period of development, the baby's hearing is well developed, which means that he can easily distinguish between voices and other sounds familiar to him. Therefore, at 32 weeks of development, the child should receive a lot of communication from mom and dad.

At 8 months, as a rule, the baby, by turning over, takes a position suitable for an early birth. The skull still has a soft structure, making the birth process much easier. As for the rest of the bones, they continue to strengthen and harden.

What changes in the feelings and appearance of the expectant mother?

An increase in the weight and height of the child leads to an increased and noticeable modification of the abdomen of a pregnant woman. But also the size of the abdomen also depends on individual physiological characteristics. Therefore, at 32 weeks of gestation, the abdomen may increase to a very large size or change slightly.

Changes in the growth and weight of the baby by 32 weeks of pregnancy lead not only to the growth of the belly of the expectant mother, but to increased pressure relative to all internal organs. As a result, a woman may experience increased shortness of breath and an increased urge to urinate. During this period, the following sensations are considered the norm:

The large size of the abdomen introduces some inconvenience during sleep, namely, it excludes the possibility of sleeping in your favorite position. Therefore, the process of falling asleep for a pregnant woman at week 32 is devoid of amenities and sometimes drags on for a long time;
At this time, there are changes in the shape of the navel, which looks either flat or turned outward;
At the 32nd week of pregnancy, in connection with the preparation of the body for labor, discomfort may appear in the pelvic region. The manifestation of such sensations is considered the norm and should not cause fears and feelings;
The active growth of the child and weight gain entails an increase in the size of the uterus, which leads to the appearance of pain in the lower ribs;
This period of pregnancy is characterized by the appearance of sensations of training contractions, which are harbingers of an early birth.

By week 32, women begin to show changes in the hormonal background. But it has nothing to do with weight. The 8-month period is characterized by the production of such a hormone as relaxin. With its help, the ligaments and muscles become more elastic, which helps the pelvis to prepare for labor. Another hormone, prolactin, also begins to be actively produced. It can provoke sharp jumps in the emotional state of the expectant mother.

The state of nervousness and tearfulness is considered the norm for a period of 32 weeks. Prolactin activation may be accompanied by breast enlargement and colostrum production.

Start of labor at 32 weeks

Labor activity at the 8th month of pregnancy is not considered the norm, but it is not uncommon. The occurrence of frequent contractions for a period of 32 weeks, as a rule, scares expectant mothers. But panic must be ruled out, since an 8-month-old baby, in most cases, is born healthy and strong. But it is worth remembering that labor activity for a period of 32 weeks may be accompanied by some complications and pathologies.

From this moment on, the expectant mother should pay special attention to any changes that occur in the body. With sharp pains in the abdomen, hospitalization or an urgent visit to the doctor is recommended. Also, for a period of 32 weeks, you should pay attention to the discharge. If there is an uncharacteristic color (brownish, reddish), you should go to the hospital, due to the appearance of various risks: the onset of premature birth, placental abruption, or other processes in the body that require urgent attention and medical intervention.

Ultrasound at 32 weeks of gestation: examination indicators and norms

The result of the screening in the 3rd trimester will be indicators indicating changes in the weight and height of the fetus, as well as in the level of its development. This period of pregnancy is considered an excellent period in order to analyze the brain of a developing fetus. At the time of the ultrasound examination, the doctor focuses on the cerebral hemispheres, the cerebellum and the lateral ventricles.

The lateral ventricles in children who are at 32 weeks of development should normally have a width of no more than 10 mm.

If these indicators deviate from the normative value upwards, then it is likely to assume the development of hydrocephalus. The cause of this anomaly can be amniotic fluid, which puts excessive pressure on the baby's head.

Once the brain has been examined, the doctor proceeds to examine the face of the fetus. Here attention is paid to the eye sockets, nose and lips of the baby, which by 32 weeks should be formed and have proportional sizes.

According to doctors, it is possible to analyze all indicators of fetal development as accurately as possible and then testify about any violations and pathologies for a period of 32 weeks using 3D equipment. This study will help to check the child's spine and timely diagnose a hernia or splitting. With a visual examination of the fetus, the doctor has the opportunity to assess the proportionality of the development of the fetus.

Since the day of the 2nd screening, the baby has changed a lot in weight and height, which excluded the possibility of free movement in the mother's stomach. But, despite this, the child must remain mobile: actively move his arms, legs and periodically open his mouth.

In order for the indicators of fetal development after ultrasound diagnostics to be deciphered with maximum accuracy and reliability, this procedure should be carried out by an experienced qualified professional.

After conducting a biometric examination of the fetus, the doctor analyzes the obtained indicators:

If the indicators of the biparental size are normal, then the value should not exceed 85 mm;
Standard indicators of the fronto-occipital size are within 102 mm;
When measuring the circumference of the fetal head, the doctor focuses on the norm of 311 mm;
The value of the girth of the abdomen is normally equal to 270 mm;
Hips in length should be 62 mm;
In terms of growth, the baby at this time is approximately 430 mm;
The normal weight of the child should be close to 2 kg.

Why is an ultrasound performed at 32 weeks?

In the 3rd trimester for a period of 32-33 weeks, an ultrasound examination is performed to assess the condition of the placenta and umbilical cord. Inspection of these organs is carried out not only at 32 weeks, but also in an earlier period of pregnancy. At this time, the doctor also diagnoses the condition of other internal organs of a woman, such as the uterus and appendages. If there are any violations in the functioning of the body of a woman or a fetus, a woman needs to lie down for preservation.

The purpose of the ultrasound examination for a period of 32 weeks is also to identify the final diligence of the fetus. If this indicator is normal, that is, the baby lies upside down, then this information is entered on the card. With pelvic diligence of the fetus, the doctor enters the relevant data into the card and, with the consent of the expectant mother, changes the position of the baby using manual external adjustment.

The transverse arrangement of the fetus is also considered a deviation from the norm. In this case, external correction of the fetus is prohibited.

If the child lies obliquely or across the abdomen, then this may signal a lack of oxygen. To obtain accurate information about this symptom, women undergo dopplerometry.

In the process of conducting an ultrasound examination for a period of 32 weeks, the specialist has the ability to diagnose any abnormalities in the functioning of the placenta, such as fetoplacental insufficiency. This kind of disturbance in the work of the placenta can adversely affect the digestive and respiratory system the child's body, provoking complications in their work. An abnormal condition of the placenta will lead to a weakening protective functions child's body, as well as to receive an insufficient amount of hormones that are necessary for the full development of the fetus. The normative indicators of the placenta are as follows:

According to the norm, the location of the placenta should be as follows: the lower edge of the placenta does not overlap the internal exit of the cervix;
During the early period of pregnancy, the maturity of the placenta had a zero degree. Upon reaching 32 weeks of fetal development, this indicator of the placenta is equal to 1. This organ reaches the second degree of maturity no earlier than 34 weeks of pregnancy;
As for the thickness of the placenta, by the 32nd week, the average standard indicator is 33 mm;
Amniotic fluid is measured and represented by the amniotic index, the standard values of which are in the range from 150 to 250 mm.

Sex life at 32 weeks: yes or no

With a normal pregnancy, doctors do not prohibit women from continuing to have sex. Accurate and careful sexual rapprochement will not cause any harm to the child, since he is under reliable protection inside the mother's body. However, with each sexual approach, partners should give preference to those positions that will not exert pressure on the baby in any other negative way. Even the slightest heaping on the stomach should be excluded. The frequency of sex at this time should be reduced to avoid any complications. Sexual intimacy at this stage of pregnancy is a good training and preparation for the uterus for an early labor activity.

Weight of a pregnant woman at 32 weeks

Since the growth and development of the fetus occurs inside the body of a pregnant woman, her weight increases accordingly. Given the norm, weight gain should be proportional to the weight of the fetus. Excessive weight gain can cause discomfort and certain complications. Normal indicators of weight gain in a woman by 32 weeks are in the range of 12 to 15 kg.

In order for these indicators to be normal throughout the entire period of pregnancy, the expectant mother must pay attention to her diet. A properly selected diet will have a positive effect on the condition of the mother, her curly features after the completion of childbirth and the development of the child. Undereating and overeating are equally prohibited by experts.

When choosing a diet, every expectant mother should remember the positive effect of vitamins both on her body and on the child's body. The lack of certain trace elements can cause the development of pathological changes in the fetus.

Feelings that signal danger

Complications leading to preeclampsia, placental abruption, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, the appearance of secretions are among the main ones. Considerable danger can come from various unpleasant sensations:

The appearance of heartburn associated with a compressed stomach and trapped in digestive system acid;
The presence of baby pushes in the upper abdomen. At a period of 32 weeks, these tremors may indicate an incorrect fetal diligence;
The presence of swelling in the face, arms and legs, pronounced veins, accompanied by pain symptoms, acute pain in the back, neck and lower back.

Features of twin pregnancy at 32 weeks

When the development of babies reaches the 32-week period, the doctor can assess their general condition, identify possible pathologies, and also set a date for an early birth. An ultrasound examination during this period makes it possible to examine both placentas, to find out in what condition and location they are. According to the norm, by the 32nd week, the twins should decide on the position and be ready for birth.

A feature of such a pregnancy is the need for a control ultrasound examination in the maternity ward. Thanks to this, the doctor will analyze important indicators and make a decision regarding the tactics of childbirth. By 32 weeks, the weight of each child should be within 1.6 kg.

In such cramped and uncomfortable conditions, twins will gain weight at a slower rate. In this regard, by the time the twins are born, they will weigh less than if an ordinary average baby was born. Therefore, twins have to develop much faster so that by the time of birth all vital systems and organs function normally. Knowing about an earlier birth pushes the bodies of babies to accelerate development.

Throughout the entire period of pregnancy, you should remember about safety and treat yourself and the unborn child with special attention and caution. Remember the basic rules: you can’t freeze and stay in the sun for too long, you need to choose comfortable clothes, taking into account the weather conditions, provide your feet with constant warmth, avoid falls and excessive fatigue from work. Remember that constantly lying down doing nothing is also impossible.

What should a pregnant woman do? First, you need to regularly visit the local gynecologist. Secondly, you should undergo all the prescribed examinations, such as ultrasound, testing. Thirdly, do not forget about weight control. During pregnancy, including at a period of 32 weeks, stressful situations should not be allowed. Create a calm environment around you: pleasant music, close and dear people, the absence of noise and screams. Do not forget about the dangers of nicotine, so you should avoid being near people who smoke. Remember that during the entire period of bearing a child, it is not recommended to use any drops or tablets without the permission of a doctor. It is possible to exclude any danger only by attentive attitude to one's own organism.

Ultrasound at 32 weeks of gestation is included in the list of mandatory studies for all expectant mothers. This ultrasound is the third routine and also included in the third prenatal screening. At 32 weeks with an ultrasound, the doctor evaluates the development of the baby, carefully examines the condition of the future mother, looks at the localization and structure of the placenta. All this helps to determine the tactics of future childbirth.

What happens to a baby at 32 weeks?

At the 32nd week, fetal development is proceeding at a rapid pace. The baby already weighs 1.7-1.9 kg, 43-45 cm long. The formation of the brain is almost completed, the head becomes proportional. In a baby, the layer of subcutaneous adipose tissue increases, which makes the body smooth, wrinkles disappear, and facial features are more clearly formed. The central nervous system works better and better, and the child is no longer afraid of so much bright light penetrating inside the mother's tummy.

The connection between the baby and mother is also strengthened: he feels how all her internal organs work, hears her mother's voice, instantly responds to changes in her mood. After birth, when the baby is placed in the woman's arms, he immediately recognizes the closest person in his life.

After an ultrasound of the 32nd week of pregnancy, the position of the fetus in the uterus may still change, but usually at this time the baby is already completely turned head down. In this case, his legs may rest against the mother's ribs, and this causes discomfort. To alleviate the condition, doctors advise pregnant women to try to keep their backs.

What is seen on ultrasound at 32 weeks?

The main task of ultrasound at 32 weeks is to assess the readiness of the mother and baby for childbirth, to draw up a plan for delivery tactics. It can be natural childbirth or caesarean section.

Identification and correction of possible developmental pathologies are the main goals of second trimester ultrasound. But there are some defects that appear on ultrasound only on later dates. At 32 weeks, it is possible to detect in the fetus an aneurysm of the vein of Galen - a large cerebral vessel, an expansion of the ureter, renal hydronephrosis (accumulation of fluid in the kidneys of the fetus).

If a sad diagnosis is made, the doctor must decide whether the baby needs surgery immediately after birth. In some cases, doctors may prescribe an artificial birth before the main date of the baby's birth.

In order to prepare for childbirth on ultrasound at 32 weeks of pregnancy, they look at:

Anatomy of the baby, fetometry (basic dimensions), physical activity, etc .;
Congenital malformations;
The position of the patient's placenta, its structure, etc.;
The volume and composition of amniotic fluid;
The structure and localization of the umbilical cord;
The structure of the cervix and wall of the uterus;
The blood flow is fetoplacental and uteroplacental.

Interpretation of ultrasound data at 32 weeks

After the ultrasound, the patient is given a transcript in her hands, which indicates the main points that the doctor studies during the procedure. Ultrasound scanning at 32 weeks is carried out according to the standard scheme. First, the specialist specifies the number of fetuses and vital activity, then looks at the presentation of the child, then does fetometry. This is a calculation of all sizes of the fetus, circumferences, lengths of the bones.

An analysis of the anatomy of the fetus includes an examination of the head (face and brain), all structures of the brain (GM), the size of the lateral ventricles of the GM. They also look at the face (eye sockets and nasal bone), the integrity of the children's spine, lungs, heart. The latter should have 4 chambers, the presence of all partitions between the ventricles-atria, the correct location of the aorta and pulmonary artery. The doctors focus on the baby's digestive tract and urinary system.

The study of the patient's placenta includes the following parameters: localization, thickness, structure, stage of maturity. The volume of amniotic (amniotic) fluid is analyzed by the amniotic fluid index. Then the umbilical cord is checked, which should consist of 3 vessels (2 arteries, 1 vein). On a conventional ultrasound, the cervix, appendages and the uterine wall are also examined.

When an ultrasound is done with Doppler, the decoding includes Doppler readings. This is the study of blood flow in the vessels of the child, placenta and uterus.

Norms of ultrasound indicators at the 32nd week

At each planned ultrasound, the doctor compares the baby's data with the norms that are indicated in special plates for weeks of pregnancy. But if at 32 weeks the baby is slightly smaller than standard sizes, this is not dangerous at all..

Much depends on the genetic predisposition: a fragile mother and a short father can have the same small child. The danger can only be if ultrasound has repeatedly shown a possible developmental delay before.

The norms of ultrasound scanning for the 32nd week of pregnancy look like this:

BPR and LZR - 75-89 and 95-113 mm, respectively;
head and tummy circumference - 28.3-32.5 and 25.8-31.4 cm;
bone length: lower leg - 51-61 mm, thigh - 56-66 mm, shoulder - 52-59 mm, forearm - 45-53 mm;
amniotic index - 77-269;
the length of the cervix is not less than 30 mm, the internal and external os are normally closed.

For Doppler ultrasound, there are separate standards:

systolic-diastolic ratio (SDO) of the umbilical arteries: 2.48-2.52;
resistance index (IR) of the fetal umbilical arteries - 0.52-0.75;
pulse index (PI) of the same arteries: 0.64-0.89;
IR and PI of the uterine arteries - 0.34-0.61 and 0.4-0.65.

Also, some other indicators may be included in the decoding: LMS and IR of the internal carotid artery, blood velocity in the umbilical arteries, etc.

Placenta at 32 weeks

With ultrasound scanning at 32 weeks of gestation, the most important attention is paid to the placenta of the expectant mother. It is the analysis of the placenta that allows you to most accurately calculate the tactics of delivery.

1. Position.

At 32 weeks, the placenta finally finds its place in the uterus and no longer moves. Localization can be any, the main norm for the placenta is more than 5 cm from the cervix. Otherwise, they talk about placenta previa.

If the presentation is complete, childbirth is possible only caesarean section. If the distance is less than 5 cm, during normal childbirth, this threatens with dangerous bleeding.

2. Maturity.

The stage of placental maturity at 32 weeks should be the first possible 4. If the doctor diagnoses early placental maturation, treatment is needed to improve placental blood flow.

Another dangerous signal is calcified areas, which are accumulations of dead cells. If ultrasound detects such a phenomenon in time, special preparations will also help correct the situation and adjust the birth plan.

3. Thickness.

The thickness of the placenta at 32 weeks should be 25.3-41.6 mm. Hypoplasia, or small thickness, can pose a serious threat to fetal development in the last weeks of pregnancy. Sometimes it speaks of genetic anomalies.

Hyperplasia (excessive thickness) can serve as a signal of inflammation in the uterus. Also, a similar pathology occurs with an internal infection in a patient, diabetes mellitus or anemia, Rhesus conflict between mother and child.

Additional Research

The 32 week ultrasound scan is usually included in the third prenatal screening. In this case, in addition to conventional ultrasound, the study includes:

doplerometry;
cardiotocography;
volumetric ultrasound 3D or 4D.

Doppler ultrasound can be used not only to assess blood flow in the vessels. Today, Doppler echocardiography is becoming increasingly important - the study of the blood flow of a child's heart. Such a procedure is prescribed to clarify the presence of congenital heart defects, in violation of the fetal heart rhythm. Also - if the ultrasound revealed an abnormal structure of the heart or an expansion of the heart chambers.

Cardiotocography is needed to analyze the baby's heart rate in different states - at rest, in motion, during uterine contractions, etc. The result of the procedure is a cardiogram, which simultaneously includes a recording of the activity of the child's heart of uterine contractions.

Starting from the 32nd week of pregnancy, cardiotocography is prescribed approximately once every 10 days. If the pregnancy proceeds with complications, then once every 5-7 days.

Three-dimensional ultrasound for special indications is not carried out so often. Usually the parents themselves want to make it in order to admire the future family member, examine the face, take the first photo. But sometimes the doctor recommends 3D ultrasound for a more accurate diagnosis. For example, if the umbilical cord is located on the child's neck and the risk of hypoxia must be excluded.

Ultrasound at 32 weeks is most often the last for the entire period of bearing a baby. It is necessary to assess the condition of the baby, determine the presentation of the fetus, diagnose the condition of the placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid. Analysis of ultrasound data helps to assess the woman's readiness for childbirth and choose the right tactics for childbirth.

Already 32 weeks pregnant! You are already fully enjoying all the benefits of maternity leave, you can walk a lot, relax, attend courses for expectant mothers. Many future mothers are already choosing gifts for their baby - a stroller, a crib, clothes. If you still continue to work, it's time to think about rest! You must gain strength, because both the baby and you need good health for childbirth.

The baby is getting stronger and more active. Before the long-awaited meeting very little!

At the 32nd week of pregnancy, the weight of the child is about 1800 g, and his height is 42 cm. It becomes more and more difficult for the mother to withstand such a load, because the stomach has increased significantly, the usual actions are becoming more and more difficult. Be sure to watch your weight! There is not much time left before the birth, namely, in recent weeks, most mothers are gaining excess weight: activity has decreased, and the hormonal background contributes to the accumulation of reserves. Limit carbohydrates, allergens.

32 weeks pregnant: how many months? Already behind the whole eight obstetric months (one obstetric month - 28 days)! You feel more movements of the baby, but the activity in the last weeks will decrease somewhat - it is already getting crowded in the uterus. But the mother clearly feels that the baby's movements are getting stronger.

What's happening?

A child at 32 weeks of gestation has a proportional physique, his skin is no longer red and wrinkled. Most babies have already grown hairs on their heads by this time. But the vellus hair on the body begins to gradually fall out. They fall out completely most often in the first weeks after childbirth, and maybe before childbirth.

This time is an important period in the development of the baby's immunity. Despite the fact that the vast majority of immunoglobulins his body receives from the mother, its own antibodies are already being produced. The first four months of life to protect the body of the baby will be substances that have been accumulated during the last stages of pregnancy.

fetus at 32 weeks pregnant

If you watch the video “32 weeks of pregnancy”, it becomes clear that the baby is getting cramped in the uterus. Despite the rather high degree of its activity, there is no longer enough space for intensive movements, turning over. In most cases, the fetus is already in head presentation - turned over head down. And mothers often get hit with their heels in the area of the liver, stomach. These joyful sensations of the movements of your little miracle can be painful. To facilitate them, you can sit on the sofa, leaning on the back, you can put a small pillow under the lower back. So the stomach bulges forward a little, the internal organs are squeezed less.

Childbirth at 32 weeks of gestation is no longer so dangerous: although the baby’s organs and systems are not fully formed, they may well function outside the mother’s body. And professional help, the use of special equipment will help them.

32 weeks pregnant with twins

Twins are usually born two or even three weeks earlier than babies with a singleton pregnancy. At 32 weeks, preterm birth in the case of multiple pregnancy occurs quite often. Therefore, such mothers need to rest more, limit all kinds of loads, and take care of themselves.

This period is the period of active formation of the central nervous system. It is interesting that by this time the size of the brain in a child is already 60% of the size of the brain of an adult, while the proportions of other organs are about 1/5. That is why newborns have such a characteristic physique.

The baby's senses are already quite well developed: from the first seconds, he distinguishes his mother's voice, quickly responds to sound, light stimuli. The kid hears well his mother's heartbeat, the noise of the blood flow in her vessels, recognizes the voice of his father, even distinguishes the usual noises of household appliances. At this time, it is necessary to talk a lot with the child, sing songs to him, read poetry.

Baby photo, ultrasound

It becomes more and more difficult for mom in the third trimester, because the uterus at the 32nd week of pregnancy is already 8-10 centimeters above the navel, and the volume of the abdomen is impressive. Often there are stretch marks on the abdomen, thighs, chest. That is why the use of cosmetics that prevent the appearance of stretch marks is becoming more and more relevant.

Fetal movements at 32 weeks

Mom feels how strong the baby's movements have become. Usually the baby has already taken a permanent position, and the expectant mother feels the blows of small heels, fists in certain places. It is worth noting that a slight decrease in the activity of the baby at the 32nd week of pregnancy is the norm. The child is already cramped in the uterus, and it is inconvenient to completely roll over, as before. The baby is already uncomfortable when the mother takes an uncomfortable position. He already has a formed daily routine, sleeps longer, and sometimes mothers are frightened by long periods of calm. But if after them there is increased activity, most likely, the baby was just sleeping.

Mom's Feelings

The most pleasant sensations of a mother are, undoubtedly, the sensations of the movements of her baby, who has already grown enough, become strong, and the feeling that there is very little left before the meeting. Even sometimes painful heel strikes for every pregnant woman is the best thing that can happen. Mom clearly distinguishes how the baby reacts to sounds, light, change of scenery, voices.

The last trimester of pregnancy is usually accompanied by discomfort in the back. Pain in the lumbar region can be quite significant, and this requires the mother to rest more often. Many mothers recommend for back pain to lie on their side and bring their legs slightly, so the distance between the vertebrae increases, the load decreases, the pain syndrome decreases. Swimming is also good. It is swimming that doctors recommend to all expectant mothers during the normal course of pregnancy. Regular exercises help to keep muscles in good shape without intense loads, which is extremely important during childbirth and recovery after them. In addition, in water, the load on the spine is much less, and this makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of pain. Water procedures also have a relaxing effect, it is a pleasant and at the same time active holiday.

At the 32nd week of pregnancy, it is already desirable to finally decide in which maternity hospital you will give birth, who will take delivery. If you have made a choice, find out if this maternity hospital is closed for washing. It's time to start packing things to the hospital according to the list. Ask at the hospital if you need to bring any medication with you. If you are planning a joint birth, find out if your dad needs any tests. Most often, a fluoroscopy is required.

Be sure to attend the school of future parents, and with dad! You will be taught not only how to properly care for a newborn, but they will also explain in detail how childbirth proceeds, teach breathing techniques, and show you how to perform anesthetic massage during contractions and in between them.

Pay enough attention to your health. Constantly control your posture, this will ease the load on the spinal column, and pain will occur less frequently. Watch for swelling. In the last stages of pregnancy, swelling is a very common occurrence. Avoid tight clothing, if rings interfere with you, it is advisable to remove them for a while. Ask your spouse to give you a lymphatic drainage massage of the legs - this will not only relieve fatigue, but also significantly improve blood flow, reduce pressure on the veins, and relieve swelling.

If you're having trouble sleeping, change your evening routine. Be sure to take a walk before going to bed, listen to relaxing music. If your enlarged belly does not allow you to sleep peacefully, try using a special pillow for pregnant women - many mothers note that it helps to take a comfortable position for mom and baby, and sleep becomes stronger.
You can already safely purchase a dowry for a child, equipping his room or a corner in your bedroom. If you decide not to purchase anything in advance, you can simply finally choose which stroller, crib, mobile you like best, and dad himself will be able to buy them for your arrival from the hospital. But the baby still needs to buy some necessary clothes.
Remember that severe swelling, which can manifest as a large weight gain, may indicate preeclampsia. This condition requires immediate medical attention.
Allocations at 32 weeks of gestation require mandatory control. Slight discharge of a homogeneous consistency is acceptable. Any change has a specific reason. If streaks of blood appear, and especially if there is a copious discharge of blood, you should immediately go to the doctor. If the discharge has become watery, their number has increased markedly, this may be a sign of amniotic fluid leakage, which also requires specialist advice.

Pain at 32 weeks pregnant

Painful sensations very often accompany the last stages of pregnancy. They are associated with an increase in the abdomen, a shift in the center of gravity, a significant increase in the load on the spine. To reduce pain in the back, legs, it is necessary to monitor weight (weight at 32 weeks of pregnancy should be strictly controlled), do gymnastic exercises, massages, and rest more often. To relieve fatigue from the legs, it is useful to simply lie down with your legs on a roller or pillow. The baby usually already takes a position upside down, and the blows of the small legs can cause pain in the epigastrium.

Abdominal pain may also occur. The uterus is preparing for childbirth, and the woman feels training contractions. These are periodic uterine contractions that do not cause the cervix to dilate. Usually women feel them as a tension in the abdomen. If the pain is severe, it requires increased attention. In this case, you need to consult a doctor.

Required research. Analyzes

In addition to standard studies, a planned ultrasound examination is performed at 32–34 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound at the 32nd week of pregnancy allows you to assess the health of the baby, the functioning of the placenta, exclude fetoplacental insufficiency, accurately determine the presentation, position of the fetus. In addition, oligohydramnios during pregnancy is excluded. Week 32 is the most suitable time for diagnosing such a pathology. Ultrasound examination at this time already makes it possible to predict the size of the fetus at the time of childbirth, which is important for the tactics of their management, especially in the presence of a large fetus.

Useful video

Questions - answers

Please tell me I am 32 weeks pregnant. Breech presentation can still change?

From 32 weeks it is already unlikely that the baby will change position. The question of the need for any measures to change the presentation is decided individually in each case. It is possible to carry out special techniques to help the baby roll over, but in some cases this can only do harm, causing an entanglement of the umbilical cord at the 32nd week of pregnancy. All activities are carried out only by a doctor, only after an ultrasound examination, and only if there is no threat to the child.

I want to take an ultrasound photo at 32 weeks pregnant. Is it possible at this time?

Of course, especially since it is during this week that a planned ultrasound examination is most often performed. Be sure to take a photo of the baby for memory, if you want!

I'm 32 weeks pregnant, my stomach pulls periodically. Is this the norm?

At this stage of pregnancy, the uterus is preparing for childbirth, there is a contraction of Braxton-Geeks, or training contractions. Most women describe them this way - pulling the stomach. However, if the sensations are more intense and your stomach hurts at 32 weeks pregnant, contact your doctor.

An ultrasound examination performed at the 32nd week of pregnancy belongs to the category of mandatory screenings. It allows you to determine the pathology in the development of the fetus, placenta. The decoding of ultrasound at 32 weeks of gestation is especially important, which allows you to verify the normal growth of the baby.

Why research is needed

Ultrasound at 32 weeks of pregnancy is performed for the following purposes:

Detection of somatic abnormalities of the fetus.
Definitions of placental insufficiency.
Identification of the presentation of the baby, which at this time is quite often final.

Deciphering the results

In addition, at this time, it is possible to assess the proportions, sizes of the child, which are also an indicator of his normal development. First of all, during the diagnosis, an assessment is made of the size of the arms, legs, head, chest, abdomen. Many future parents are wondering what are the norms of ultrasound at 32 weeks of gestation. A healthy baby should have the following parameters:

shoulder length from 52 to 62 mm;
forearm length from 45 to 55 mm;
thigh length from 55 to 65 mm;
leg length from 50 to 60 mm;
biparietal head size from 75 to 90 mm;
fronto-occipital head size from 95 to 110 mm;
head girth from 280 to 330 mm;
girth of the abdomen from 255 to 315 mm.

The listed indicators belong to the category of relative ones, since the most important role in the size of the fetus is given to genetic features, which at this time are already clearly manifested. However, if during the procedure the parameters of the child were found to be very different from the norm, then there is a risk of developing hypertrophy, which is an indicator of a violation of the maturity of the placenta.

The baby's heartbeat at 32 weeks should be in the range of 140-160 beats per minute. The changed number of heartbeats indicates the pathology of the fetus, the possibility of premature birth.

Table of fetal sizes depending on the gestational age

Baby weight

At 32 weeks, the baby is no longer at the embryonic stage, it has a rather impressive weight. The weight of the fetus at this time reaches 2000 g. However, if the woman is thin, then the weight norm can be from 1600 to 1700 g. In large women, the baby can reach up to 2100 g. During this period, hereditary predisposition already plays a big role. In addition, in mothers who have had infectious diseases during pregnancy, the baby's body weight may be less than average.

This does not apply to the pathological phenomenon. There are cases of low fetal body weight in women with hormonal imbalances. If a woman is carrying twins or triplets, then the body weight parameters of the children will differ significantly. It directly depends on how many children the pregnant woman bears. There are times when the weight of babies varies greatly. This is due to the fact that one fetus develops more intensively than the other. Normally, the weight of twins usually ranges from 1650 to 1700 g at 32 weeks.

Study of a woman

In addition to diagnosing the fetus, ultrasound at 32 weeks of gestation allows you to assess the condition of the woman's reproductive organs. The normal thickness of the placenta should range from 25 to 42 mm. Moreover, the placenta should not adjoin the cervix of the uterus, it should move away from it by 7 cm. This indicates a 1 degree of development of the placenta. On ultrasound, this degree of maturity is determined by shallow depressions, the appearance of a few echogenic foci.

If ultrasound determines the 2nd degree, then this is a sign of premature aging of the placenta. This state entails:

late toxicosis;
infections;
diabetes.

In this case, an early treatment of pregnant women should be started, which can improve the situation and prevent the development of serious fetal pathologies. The thickness of the placenta should be no more than 45 mm. If during ultrasound diagnostics large parameters were determined, then this is a sign of intrauterine infection, sizes smaller than average indicate premature aging of the placenta.

Great importance during the procedure is given to the calculation of the volume of amniotic fluid. During calculations, the doctor conditionally divides the woman's stomach into 4 parts vertically and horizontally. Next, the summation of all four indicators is performed. The norm is the amount of amniotic fluid from 20 to 80 mm. Going beyond these boundaries is oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios, respectively, and requires medical intervention.

During the assessment of the umbilical cord, the number of vessels, the presence of loops, knots, and entanglement around the fetal neck are determined. The doctor examines the uterus, determines if there is an increased tone, which often leads to premature birth. If a woman is diagnosed with myoma nodes, then the blood flow is analyzed. At this time, the cervix must be completely closed, otherwise there is a risk of premature birth.

Three-dimensional scanning allows you to see the actions of the fetus at the time of diagnosis

Doppler ultrasound

There are cases when, at week 32, a Doppler study is performed simultaneously with ultrasound. It allows you to assess the condition of the arteries, the functioning of the baby's cardiac activity, the vessels of the uterus, and the umbilical cord. Indications for Doppler examination are:

woman's condition. This category includes the presence of arterial hypertension in a pregnant woman, renal diseases, diabetes, late toxicosis, Rhesus conflict;
state of the woman-child system. This situation includes oligohydramnios, premature aging of the placenta, impaired blood flow through the arteries of the umbilical cord;
fetal condition includes abnormal heart rhythm, diagnosable heart disease, hypoxia.

In addition, Doppler-equipped ultrasound is performed in multiple pregnancies, as multiple fetuses can lead to uneven distribution of blood flow. Also, this diagnosis is subject to women who have previously had miscarriages, miscarriages. Diagnosis with Doppler can be carried out more than once. This is especially important for monitoring the quality of the prescribed treatment.

The norm of the Doppler study depending on the duration of the pregnant woman

Diagnosable pathologies

The third screening can diagnose the presence of the following pathologies:

fetoplacental insufficiency, which occurs when placental maturity does not correspond to the term;
entanglement of the umbilical cord. This condition does not pose a threat to the fetus if it does not cause a violation of blood flow;
discrepancy between the size of the baby, breech presentation;
predisposition to premature birth, which manifests itself in a shortened cervix;
altered volume of amniotic fluid, which can manifest itself as polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios;
in the presence of a scar - to identify its failure;
fetal oxygen starvation.

An ultrasound performed at 32 weeks allows you to assess the condition of the baby and the woman. This diagnosis is important because it makes it possible to improve the condition of the baby.