When you study a foreign language, you learn not only a set of vocabulary and grammar, you in any case come across the culture and peculiarities of the mentality of the people who speak this language. The best way to learn language and culture is reading in original... To read in a foreign language, you must first learn to read in this language .
You don "t have to burn books to destroy a culture. Just get people to stop reading them.
You don't have to burn books to destroy a culture. You can just get people to stop reading them.
But, if at school or university you studied German or French, or your school base turned out to be smaller than you would like, and now you have decided to learn English, then let's start with the very primary and basic and learn a few methods of where to start in order to master reading rules.
English alphabet
I think you know that English is different from Russian and German, in which we basically read and write. In English, the system is a little more complicated. The very first thing we need to do is learn the alphabet.
The English alphabet has 26 letters, including 21 consonants and 5 vowels. Knowledge of letters and the ability to pronounce them correctly is the key to successful and competent reading in English.
English alphabet with transcription of the names of letters.
A very easy way to memorize letters visually and by ear is through song. Watch the video and sing the song until you memorize the letters of the alphabet.
You can use the same method to teach the alphabet to your children and sing along with your little ones.
Reading rules in English
After studying the alphabet, let's start learning the combination of letters and reading short words. There are a number of rules in English that you need to learn, practice and remember if you want to read English words correctly.
Rules for reading English consonants
Many consonants read similarly to Russian consonants, such as letters m, n, l, b, f, z... You can see it in words like mom, lemon, finger, boy, zebra .
Letters such as t and d sound similar, but pronounced with aspirated... For example words table, teacher, dad, dirty.
Letter c has two reading options. Before letters i, e, y it reads like [s]- city, face, cyber... And before the rest of the vowels it reads like [k]- cat, cake, factory.
The vowel rule i, e, y works with the letter g... In front of them, it reads like - gym, george, giant... Before other consonants, the letter is read as [g].
Letter q always occurs in a combination of letters qu and reads like - quick, queen, square.
Letter j always reads like - jacket, jam, joy.
Table of the ratio of consonants and sounds in English.
How vowels are read in English
In English, a word can end in an open or closed syllable, which affects pronunciation. For example the words cat, pot, sit end in a closed syllable and have vowels a, o, i give sounds .
Words such as name, home, five end with an open syllable, since there is a letter at the end of the word e which is not readable. But, thanks to her, the vowels in the middle of the word are read in the same way as they are pronounced in the alphabet, that is, the word name readable.
Types of English vowel reading in stressed syllables.
Reading vowel combinations in English
There are certain combinations of letters that have well-established rules for reading, although English language - language exceptions, and when reading more difficult words, refer to the dictionary. The table below shows English vowel combinations with examples how they are read and how they sound.
Table of combinations of vowels in English.
And of course, there are exceptions to all the rules. However, do not worry and think that you will never be able to learn it. Everything can be understood, you just have to try and practice a little.
English diphthongs with transcription
When you learn the basic rules of reading, you will see that there are diphthong sounds that are quite difficult to reproduce in English, especially if you start learning the language not from childhood, but in adulthood.
Table of English diphthongs with transcription.
Transcription of sounds in English
Practice shows that when children learn a language, they must necessarily learn transcription, while adults do not want to learn it and it can be difficult for them.
If you still want to learn how to write and read the transcription, then great! And if not, then you can use online dictionaries where the word will be pronounced for you. One of the best dictionaries today is Multitran and the Lingvo online dictionary.
Important!
Remember to use dictionaries, not translators!
Here's an example of reading short words with transcription:
Vowel table of English language and transcription.
There are some advantages to being in the internet age. Sitting at home, you can learn different knowledge online. For your attention video tutorial, which explains the basic principles of reading. Nevertheless, even having received knowledge through an online lesson, they need to be consolidated in order to form a skill.
Learn English tongue twisters
Here tongue twisters, which are often aimed at practicing one sound, can help you. Here are some examples you can use.
| English tongue twister | Russian translation |
|---|---|
| Whether the weather be fine, or whether the weather be not. Whether the weather be cold, or whether the weather be hot. We "ll weather the weather whether we like it or not. |
The weather will be good or the weather won't be good. The weather will be cold or the weather will be hot. We can handle any weather whether we like it or not. |
| Three swiss witch-bitches, which wished to be switched swiss witch-bitches, watch three swiss Swatch watch switches. Which swiss witch-bitch ", which wishes to be a switched swiss witch-bitch, wishes to watch which swiss Swatch switch? |
Three swiss bitches who want to change their gender look at the three buttons on the Swatch. Which Swiss bitch witches who want to change their gender examines what button on the Swatch watch? |
Don't worry that these are tongue twisters! At this stage, when you are just learning to read and practice sounds, it is important to pronounce them correctly, albeit slowly. You can always speed up.
Learn to hear English speech
After learning the basic, basic rules of reading, you can use the repetition method behind the speaker. Your auditory memory will also work and you will hear how words are pronounced correctly and what intonation in sentences.
For this you can use small dialogues and audiobooks for beginners. At this level, it will be ideal if the text is in front of your eyes, you listen, read and repeat at the same time!
You can use a great resource like Oxford bookworm Library where audiobooks for all levels are presented. You can download the library for free
For those who continue to study English, we recommend learning the language through films, which you can read about in the article
Work on your pronunciation
Reading is just the first step towards learning a language. As well as learning grammar and vocabulary, learning to pronounce and hear correctly is very important if you want to understand what is being said and say so that you can be understood. Especially if you will be speaking with a native speaker.
As we said a little above, one of the best ways is to listen carefully to native speakers and try to copy their pronunciation and intonation .
Pay special attention to sounds that are not in your native language. Often, people learning English have a problem with the ‘r’ sound, as in Russian it is hard, and in English it is more guttural and growling.
Difficulties also arise with the pronunciation of the two sounds that combination of letters 'th'... Students pronounce it ‘c’ and ‘z’ persistently. Although it is worth noting that in words such as this, that, there this sound is said to be between 'z' and 'd'. And in words like three, think, thief, it is pronounced like the sound between ‘f’ and ‘s’.
This may seem strange to you, since there are no such sounds in the Russian language, but if you listen to the speakers, you will understand that this is what they say.
Don't worry if you can't get it right the first time, it takes a little practice. But, try to learn right from the very beginning, because it will be more difficult when you have to relearn.
Learn to pronounce phrases in English correctly
In English, words in sentences are not pronounced separately, they often merge, as if into one whole, especially if it is a combination of a vowel and a consonant. Take a look and practice with these transcription examples.
The same applies to phrases where one word ends with the letter 'r', and the next word begins with a vowel. In such cases, the sound ‘r’ is pronounced. Here are some examples.
Letters, conveying vowels, in alphabet 6: Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu, Yy... There are 20 vowels:
i - and (short)
u - y (short)
ʌ - a (short)
ɔ - o (short)
ə is a neutral sound. This sign often denotes unstressed vowel sounds in transcription, regardless of the letters that give this sound.
e is a sound in between "e" and "e", pronounced with lips stretched to the side, as if smiling.
æ is a sound without analogy in Russian. A long "e" with a wide open mouth and a strongly lowered lower jaw, an average between "a" and "e".
i: - and (long)
u: - y (long)
ɑ: - a (long)
ɔ: - oh (long)
ə: - Similar to the yo sound, but without the initial "y" sound. For example, as in the name of Goethe.
iə - starts with the vowel i and ends with a neutral sound ə
uə - starts with the vowel u and ends with a neutral sound ə
ai -ai
ɔi - oh
ou-ou
ɛə - ea (pronounced very quickly)
au-ay
ei -ey
Letters, conveying consonants, in alphabet 20: Bb, Cc, Dd, Ff, Gg, Hh, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Vv, Ww, Xx, Zz... There are 24 consonants.
Voiced consonants:
b - like Russian b
d - d (with this sound, the tongue rests on the tubercles in front of the upper teeth)
ʒ - f (harder than Russian)
ʤ - j
g - like Russian g
m - m
n - n
ŋ - nasal n sound, similar to French pronons
l - l
r - soft p
w - there is no analogy in Russian, the middle between "y" and "v". Similar to the pronunciation of the "v" sound in some dialects. Round your lips as you would for pronouncing the sound "y", and then sharply relax them.
v - like Russian in
ð - there is no analogy in Russian. Pronounce Russian "z" with your tongue between your teeth.
z - like Russian z
Voiceless consonants:
p - explosive p
t - t (with this sound, the tongue rests on the tubercles in front of the upper teeth)
ʃ - w
ʧ - h (much harder than Russian, closer to the combination "tsh")
k - explosive k
f - like Russian f
h - x (much softer than Russian, almost only one exhalation)
j - th
θ - there is no analogy in Russian. Pronounce Russian "s" with your tongue between your teeth.
s - like Russian with
Stress in English transcription, it is placed before the stressed syllable, and not above it, as in Russian. This sign (‘) warns us in advance about the stress.
Stress can also be the main located at the top (‘) and secondary located below (,). In this case, the main vocal emphasis falls on the main stress, but we pronounce the vowel with a secondary stress very clearly, without making it absolutely unstressed and in no case bringing it to neutral ə.
Comments (1)
Learn more about what bar, colon, parentheses, and other symbols stand for.
You can see another version of the English transcription and if you need to print or copy for editing in "Microsoft Word"
English transcription
Pronunciation of English sounds.
Pronunciation of English vowels.
The pronunciation of English sounds is presented in Russian letters, you should understand that it is not possible to convey the correct English pronunciation using the Russian alphabet.
- ɑː long, deep a
- ʌ short vowel a, as in the Russian word run.
- ɒ = ɔ - short, open about
- ɔː - long o
- Зː - long vowel ё, as in the Russian word hedgehog.
- æ - open e
- e - like e in the word these
- ə - vague unstressed sound, similar to e
- iː - long and
- ɪ - short, open and
- ʊ = u - short u, pronounced with a slight rounding of the lips.
- uː - long u pronounced without a strong rounding of the lips.
Two-vowel sounds
Pronunciation of English consonants.
- p - n
- b - b
- m - m
- f - f
- v - in
- s - with
- z - s
- t - resembles the Russian sound t, pronounced when the tongue is at the gums.
- d - resembles the Russian sound d, pronounced when the tongue is at the gums.
- n - resembles the Russian sound n, pronounced when the tongue is at the gums.
- l - resembles the Russian sound l, pronounced when the tongue is at the gums.
- r is a very hard sound pronounced without vibrating the tongue. Corresponds to the sound p in the word lot
- ʃ - soft Russian sh
- ʒ - soft Russian, like in the word yeast.
- tʃ- h
- ʤ - similar to the Russian sound j (voiced ch)
- k - to
- h - inhale, reminiscent of a weakly pronounced sound x
- ju - long yu in southern
- je - the sound e in the word spruce
- jɔ - the sound ё in the word tree
- jʌ - the sound I in the word yama
- j - resembles the Russian sound before the vowel sounds. Occurs in combination with vowels.
English consonants that do not have an approximate match in Russianː
- w - formed with rounded lips (as with a whistle). It sounds like a sound uttered with lips alone. In translation, it is indicated by the letters в or у ː W illiams - Williams, Williams.
- ƞ - Open your mouth and say n without closing your mouth.
- ɵ - Pull out the slightly spread tip of your tongue between your teeth and pronounce Russian with
- ð - Pull out the slightly spread tip of your tongue between your teeth and pronounce Russian z
Transcription and reading rules in English are two closely related concepts. Reading rules explain how letters and letter combinations are pronounced in different cases, and with the help of transcription we record and read the sounds of speech.
Reading rules can be confusing for a beginner. There are many of them, they are confusing, and there are more exceptions than the rules themselves. In fact, these rules are so terrible only if you deeply understand them and try to learn them by heart along with exceptions. In fact, everything is much simpler: reading rules do not need to be memorized.
Studying English, you will constantly be something, and soon you will learn to correlate letters and sounds without hesitation, automatically. Don't worry about exceptions either. Usually, the pronunciation, spelling and meaning of a word are memorized as one whole - you just know that such and such a word is pronounced that way.
Feature of English phonetics: we write "Manchester" - we read "Liverpool"
The phonetics of the English language has a noticeable feature: words are often read differently than they are written, that is, by the spelling of a word, it is not always possible to guess how it is pronounced. As linguists joke: "We write" Manchester ", and we read" Liverpool "".
In the history of many languages, the following pattern can be traced: the phonetic structure becomes more complicated, but the letters and spelling remain the same or change with a great delay. English is no exception. At the dawn of its development, words were read and pronounced more or less similarly, but over time this discrepancy became more and more, the situation was aggravated by the variety of dialects, and now we are already in words though, thought and through we read a combination of letters - ough completely differently, although the words themselves differ by one letter.
No one is in a hurry to reform the English spelling, there are many reasons for this. For example, the English language has not had a single "control center" for a long time. The reforms initiated in London could be coolly accepted in Sydney and rejected in Washington. Anyway, spelling reform is always a painful process that meets with resistance among a significant part of native speakers. It's much easier to leave it as it is.
What is transcription and why is it needed?
Transcription in English is the recording of speech sounds using special characters. She should not be afraid or avoided, because she is a very good assistant in learning the language, which will be great to save time and help to avoid mistakes. One glance at the transcription of an English word is enough for you to understand how it is read correctly.
When you memorize or write out a new word that appears in the text, be sure to look at its transcription and / or listen to the pronunciation (for example, in), otherwise you may remember it incorrectly, and then they will not understand you.
Can English words be written in Russian letters?
Sometimes on websites or even in books you can see “English transcription in Russian” or “pronunciation of English words in Russian letters” - that is, the recording of English words in Russian letters. Like, why learn tricky icons if can to convey sounds in Russian letters? Then that it is forbidden... The phonetics of the Russian language differs from the English phonetics so much that the sound can only be conveyed very, very approximately. We simply do not have some sounds of English speech, as well as vice versa.
Transcription and pronunciation of all sounds of the English language separately (video)
With this interesting video table, you can listen to the sound of all sounds separately and see how they are recorded using transcription. Click on play and wait for the video to load completely, then click on the desired sound.
Please note that in the transcription, in addition to the symbols themselves, denoting sounds, are used:
- Square brackets- traditionally, transcription is always written in [square brackets]. For example: [z].
- Vowel length icon- in English, vowels can be long and short, longitude is indicated by a colon after the vowel. For example: .
- Accent icon- if a word is transcribed in which there is more than one syllable, stress must be indicated with an apostrophe (comma at the top). It is placed before the stressed syllable. For example: - decision.
In total, 44 sounds are distinguished in English, which, like in Russian, are divided into consonants and vowels. Among them there are both sounds similar to Russian, for example: [b] - [b], [n] - [n], and sounds that have no analogues in Russian: [ ð ], [θ ].
In English phonetics, there are no such concepts as softness / hardness of consonants, but there is a vowel length (not characteristic of the Russian language) - vowels can be short [a] and long. It should also be noted that vowel sounds in English can be:
- single (monophthongs): [ i: ], [ e ],
- consisting of two sounds (diphtogni): [ ai ], [ ɔi ],
- consisting of three sounds (triphthongs): [ aiə ].
Diphthongs and triftogni are read and perceived as whole sounds.
Table of sounds of the English language with examples and cards
After studying how to pronounce English sounds separately, be sure to listen to how they are read whole words... It is often easier for students to understand and hear the pronunciation of English sounds when they sound as part of a word, rather than separately.
In the tables below, all sounds are given with example words. With the help of electronic flashcards, you can listen to the pronunciation.
| Consonants in English | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| [ f] fox | [ d] date | [ v] vase | [ k] cat |
| [ θ ] think | [ g] go | [ ð ] father | [ tʃ] change |
| [ s] say | [ dʒ] age | [ z] zoo | [ m] mom |
| [ ʃ ] ship | [ n] nose | [ ʒ ] pleasure | [ ŋ ] sing |
| [ h] hound | [ l] lazy | [ p] pen | [ r] red |
| [ b] bro | [ j] yes | [ t] today | [ w] wine |
| Vowel sounds in English | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| [ i:] he, she | [ ei] name | [ i] his, it | [ ai] line |
| [ e] ten | [ au] town | [ æ ] hat | [ ɔi] toy |
| [ a:] car | [ ou] go home | [ ɔ ] not | [ iə] here |
| [ ʌ ] nut | [ ɛə ] dare | [ u] good | [ uə] poor |
| [ u:] food | [ juə] Europe | [ ju:] tune | [ aiə] fire |
| [ ɜ: ] turn | [ auə] our | [ ə ] paper | [ ɔ: ] all |
How to learn to pronounce English sounds?
There are two approaches:
- Theoretical- in textbooks there is usually a detailed description of how to press the tongue against the palate in order to form a specific sound. With an illustration showing a cross-section of a human head. The method is scientifically correct, but it is difficult to use it on its own: not everyone will understand what it means to “slide the upper teeth along the lower lip” and will be able to crank this action.
- Practical- listen, watch and repeat. It seems to me that this is much easier. You simply repeat after the announcer, trying to imitate the sound as accurately as possible. Pay attention to articulation, try to repeat all movements of the lips, tongue. Ideally, of course, someone should control, but you can just record yourself on a webcam and look from the outside.
If you want to repeat after the speaker, imitating his speech, I recommend using the materials in Puzzle English, namely the exercises "Video Puzzles", which are aimed at developing listening comprehension. In video puzzles, you can slow down speech and, as in Lingvaleo, watch the translation of words by clicking on them directly in the subtitles.
In video puzzles, you must first watch the video, and then collect sentences from words.
Detailed overview of this service:
In addition, for practical training, various kind people have shot many videos available on YouTube. For example, these two videos detail the sounds of English speech in the American and British versions:
British pronunciation
American pronunciation
You should not, having started to study English, strive to achieve “perfect” pronunciation. Firstly, there are a lot of varieties of pronunciation (the above are like “generalized” British and American variants), and secondly, even native speakers who are proficient in speech (for example, actors) often take lessons from special trainers in order to master the features of that or another version of pronunciation - working out the speech is not an easy task.
Just try to speak so that 1) it is clear, 2) does not hurt your ear.
Reading rules in English: table and cards
Reading rules in English are, rather, not even rules, but generalized recommendations that are not very precise. Not only can, say, the letter "o" in different combinations and types of syllables be read in nine different ways, there are also exceptions. For example, in the words food, too, it reads as, and in the words good, look - as [u]. There is no pattern here, you just need to remember it.
If you look in different books, it turns out that reading rules, and phonetics in general, can be told differently by different authors with varying degrees of immersion in details. I think that it makes no sense to delve into the jungle of phonetic science (you can dive there indefinitely), but the easiest way is to take the most simplified version of the reading rules as a basis, that is reading rules in English for children.
For this article, I took as a basis the rules given in the textbook “English. 1 - 4 classes in diagrams and tables ”N. Vakulenko. Believe me, this is more than enough for both children and adults!
What are open and closed syllables?
In English, an open syllable and a closed one are distinguished, it also matters whether it ends with the letter "r" and whether it is stressed.
A syllable is called open if:
- the syllable ends in a vowel and is the last in the word,
- a vowel is followed by another vowel,
- a vowel is followed by a consonant, followed by one or more vowels.
A closed syllable if:
- it is the last in the word, while it ends in a consonant,
- the vowel is followed by two or more consonants.
In these cards and the table below them, you can see how different letters are pronounced in different combinations and types of syllables.
| Reading rules | |
| Reading the letter "A" | |
|---|---|
| A - in an open syllable | name, face, cake |
| A [æ] - in a closed syllable | hat, cat, man |
| A - in a closed syllable on r | far, car, park |
| A [εə] - at the end of a word vowel + re | dare, care, stare |
| A [ɔ:] - combinations all, au | all, wall, fall, autumn |
| Reading the letter "O" | |
| O [əu] - in an open syllable | no, go, home |
| O [ɒ] - in a closed stressed syllable | not, box, hot |
| O [ɜ:] - in some words with “wor” | world, word |
| O [ɔ:] - in a closed syllable with r | form, fork, horse, door, floor |
| O - in combination "oo" | too, food |
| O [u] - in combination "oo" | book, look, good |
| O - in combination "ow" | town, down |
| O [ɔɪ] - in combination "oy" | toy, boy, enjoy |
| O [ʊə] - in combination "oo" | poor |
| Reading the letter "U" | |
| U, - in an open syllable | pupil, blue, student |
| U [ʌ] - in a closed syllable | nut, bus, cup |
| U [u] - in a closed syllable | put, full |
| U [ɜ:] - in combination "ur" | turn, hurt, burn |
| Reading the letter "E" | |
| E - in an open syllable, a combination of "ee", "ea" | he, she, see, street, meat, sea |
| E [e] - in a closed syllable, combination "ea" | hen, ten, bed, head, bread |
| E [ɜ:] - in combinations "er", "ear" | her, heard |
| E [ɪə] - in combinations of "ear" | hear, near |
| Reading the letter "I" | |
| i - in an open syllable | five, line, night, light |
| i [ɪ] - in a closed syllable | his, it, pig |
| i [ɜ:] - in combination with “ir” | first, girl, bird |
| i - in combination "ire" | fire, tired |
| Reading the letter "Y" | |
| Y - at the end of a word | try, my, cry |
| Y [ɪ] - at the end of a word | family, happy, lucky |
| Y [j] - at the beginning or middle of a word | yes, year, yellow |
| Reading the letter "C" | |
| C [s] - before i, e, y | pencil, bicycle |
| C [k] - except for combinations ch, tch and not before i, e, y | cat, come |
| C - in combinations ch, tch | chair, change, match, catch |
| Reading the letter "S" | |
| S [s] - except: at the end of words after ch. and voiced acc. | say, books, six |
| S [z] - at the end of words after Ch. and voiced acc. | days, beds |
| S [ʃ] - in combination sh | shop, ship |
| Reading the letter "T" | |
| T [t] - except for combinations th | ten, teacher, today |
| T [ð] - in combination th | then, mother, there |
| T [θ] - in combination with th | thin, sixth, thick |
| Reading the letter "P" | |
| P [p] - except ph | pen, penalty, powder |
| P [f] - in combination ph | photo |
| Reading the letter "G" | |
| G [g] - except for combinations ng, not before e, i, y | go, big, dog |
| G - before e, i, y | age, engineer |
| G [ŋ] - in combination with ng at the end of a word | sing, bring, king |
| G [ŋg] - in combination with ng in the middle of a word | strongest |
The most important reading rules
The table above looks very busy, even intimidating. Several of the most important rules can be distinguished from it, which have almost no exceptions.
Basic rules for reading consonants
- Ph is read as [f]: photo, Morpheus.
- The combination th reads as [ð] or [θ]: think there. These sounds are not in Russian, their pronunciation requires some training. Do not confuse them with the sounds [s], [z].
- The combination ng at the end of the word reads as [ŋ] - this is a nasal (that is, pronounced as if in the nose) version of the sound [n]. A common mistake is to read it like. There is no “g” in this sound. Examples: strong, King Kong, wrong.
- The combination sh reads as [ʃ]: ship, show, shop.
- The letter “c” before i, e, y reads [s]: celebrity, cent, pencil.
- The letter “g” before i, e, y is read as: age, magic, gym.
- The combination ch reads like: match, catch.
Basic rules for reading vowels
- In an open stressed syllable, vowels are usually read as in: no, go, name, face, pupil, he, five. These can be monophthongs and diphthongs.
- In a closed syllable, vowels are read as short monophthongs: nut, got, ten.
How to remember reading rules?
Most people with a good command of English as a foreign language will not be able to immediately name even a few basic rules for reading. rules readings do not need to be memorized, they need to be able to use them. But how can you use what you don't know? As far as possible! Thanks to frequent practice, knowledge is transferred into skills and actions begin to be performed automatically, unconsciously.
To get the reading rules to the automatic stage as quickly as possible, I recommend:
- To study the rules themselves - to read, comprehend, speak out loud examples.
- Practice reading aloud - will help develop pronunciation skills, at the same time, the reading rules will be fixed. Take text with audio, video with subtitles, so that you have something to check with.
- Do small writing - writing practice is useful for developing vocabulary, consolidating grammar knowledge and, of course, improving spelling.
Friends! Now I do not do tutoring, but if you need a teacher, I recommend this wonderful site - there are native (and non-native) language teachers for all occasions and for every pocket 🙂 I myself went through more than 50 lessons with the teachers I found there !
Russian-English phrasebook with pronunciation
Traveling to cities and countries where english is spoken, take this with you English phrasebook... By studying it, you will know how to speak English correctly, pay particular attention to the Pronunciation column.
|
English |
Translation |
Pronunciation |
|
Greetings |
||
| Hi! | Hey! | Hi! |
| Hello! | Hello! | Hello! |
| How do you do? | How are you? | How do you do? |
| Good morning! | Good morning! | Good morning! |
| Good afternoon! | Good day! | Good a: Ftenun! |
| Good evening! | Good evening! | Good and: vning! |
| Good night! | Goodnight! | Good night! |
| How are you? | How are you? | How are you:? |
| And you? | And you? | End yu :? |
| How about you? | And how are you? | Howe ebout yu :? |
| (I am) very well, thank you. | Very good thanks. | (Ai um) veri wel with enk yu :. |
| (I am) fine, thank you. | Great, thanks. | (Ai um) fine with enk yu :. |
| Not bad. | Not bad. | Not bad. |
| So, so. Thank you. | Thank you, so so. | Sow sow with enk yu :. |
| Not so well, thank you. | Thank you, not really. | Not sow well with enk yu :. |
Acquaintance |
||
| What is your name? | What is your name? | Wat from yo: name? |
| My name is ... | My name is… | My name from ... |
| I am Bambooot. | I'm Bamboot. | Ay em Bambooot. |
| I am from Russia. | I'm from Russia. | Ai em from Russia. |
| We are from Russia. | We are from Russia. | Ui: a: from rush. |
| Nice to meet you. | Nice to meet you. | Nice to mi: to you :. |
| How old are you? | How old are you? | Howe old a: yu :? |
| I am… years old. | I am ... years old. | Ay uh ... yeh: z oold. |
| What do you do? | What do you do? | Whoa blowing: doo? |
| I am a…. (teacher). | I'am a teacher. | Ai am e chiche. |
| Are you married? | Are you married (married)? | A: u: maryd? |
| I am married. | I am married (married). | Ay uh maryd. |
| I am not married. | I am not married (married). | Ay um not maryd. |
| Do you have any children? | Do you have children? | Doo yu: have you ani children? |
| I have one child (two children). | I have one child (two children). | Ay have one child (tu: children). |
Communication and questions |
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| Do you speak English? | You speak English? | Do you speak English? |
| Do you speak Russian? | Do you speak Russian? | Du yu: sleep: to rush? |
| What languages do you speak? | What languages do you speak? | Wat langwidges do yu: sleep: k? |
| I speak English but just a little. | I speak English, but not much. | Ay sleep: to and: nglish bat ja: st e little. |
| Speak slowly, please. | Please speak slowly. | Sleep: to sloly or: z. |
| Sorry, what did you say? | Excuse me, what did you say? | Sori, wat did you: sey? |
| Is it correct? | This is right? | From it corect? |
| Do you understand me? | Do you understand me? | Du yu: understand mi :? |
| Can I ask you? | May I ask you (ask)? | Ken ai ask yu :? |
| What can I do for you? | How can I help you? | Wat ken ai du fo: yu :? |
| What do you think? | What do you think? | Wat doo yu: with inc? |
| Who? | Who? | Hu? |
| What? | What? | Wat? |
| What is this? | What it is? | What from sis? |
| Where? | Where? Where to? | Ueah? |
| When? | When? | Wen? |
| How? | How? | How? |
| How do I get to…? | How to get …? | How do ah get tu ...? |
| Where from? | Where? | Uea from? |
| Where are you from? | Where are you from? | Uea a: u: from? |
| Why? | Why? | Wye? |
| How much is it? | How much is it? | How munch from it? |
| Do you like ...? | You like …? | Doo yu: like ...? |
| Where can I get a taxi? | Where can I get a taxi? | Uea ken ah get e teksi? |
Statement |
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| Yes. | Yes. | Yes. |
| Yes, of course. | Oh sure. | Yes of ko: s. |
| I agree. | I agree (agree) | Ay egri. |
| With pleasure. | With pleasure. | Wiz plezhe. |
| As you like. | As you wish. | Ez yu: like. |
| All right. OK. Okey. | Well okay). | O: l wright. Oakay. |
| I see. | It's clear. | Ay si :. |
| I am busy. | I'm busy (busy) | Ay uh bizi. |
Negation |
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| No. | No. | Know. |
| No, thank you. | No thanks. | Know with enk yu :. |
| No, you may not. | No, I do not allow. | Know yu: mei note. |
| I do mind. | I object. | Ay doo: mind. |
| I am very sorry, but I can’t. | Sorry, but I can't. | Ai um vari sori bat ai kent. |
| That’s impossible. | It's impossible. | Zthis is imposable. |
| You are wrong. | You are not right. | Yu: a: ron. |
| By no means. | In no case. | Bai know mi: nz. |
Expression of gratitude |
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| Thank you!Thanks! | Thanks! | WITHenk NS:! WITHanx! |
| Thank you very (so) much! | Many thanks! | WITHenk yu: vari (sow) mach! |
| I don’t know how to thank you. | I don’t know how to thank you. | Ai dount know how tu with enk yu :. |
| How kind of you! | How kind of you! | How kind ov yu :! |
| You are so kind! | You are so kind! | Yu: a: sow kind! |
| Thank you, it was delicious. | Thank you, it was delicious. | WITHenk yu: it uoz delishes. |
| Thank you for your attention. | Thank you for your attention. | Senk yu: pho: yo: ethension. |
| You are welcome! | Please (in response to thanks). | Yu: a: welcam! |
| That’s nothing. | It's my pleasure. | Zetc us ing. |
| Here you are. | Here you go (take it). | He yu: a :. |
| Please | Please, please. | Pliz. |
Parting |
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| Gooodbye! | Goodbye! | Good Bye! |
| See you (later)! | See you later! | Si: yu: (leite)! |
| See you soon! | See you soon! | Si: yu: sun! |
| I hope to see you again. | Hope I see you again. | Ai hop to si: yu: aegain. |
| Have a good trip! | Have a good trip! | Have a good trip! |
| Take care! | Take care! | Take kee! |
| Good luck! | Good luck! | Good luck! |
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I wish |
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| Best wishes! | Good luck! | Best wishes! |
| Congratulations! | Congratulations! | Kengraties! |
| Happy birthday! | Happy birthday! | Happy byo: with day! |
| Happy New Year! | Happy New Year! | Happy new ye :! |
| Happy anniversary! | Happy wedding! | Napi eniveseri! |
| I wish you all the best! | I wish you all the best! | Ay weish yu: ol z e best! |
| Have a good time! | Have a nice time! | Hev e good time! |
| Have a good holiday! | Have a good rest! | Hev e good holiday! |
English is easy enough to learn language... Most sentences can be built simply by taking the desired words from the dictionary.
Next summer we plan to visit London. We are planning to visit London next summer.
Words do not change by gender, which greatly facilitates learning, and the plural is formed very easily, you need to add the letter s to the end of the word being changed (but there are exceptions to the rules). Below is an example of plural formation:
Where can I buy the ticket? Where can I buy a ticket?
Where can I buy tickets? Where can I buy tickets?
Please note that if some words are mispronounced, there may be misunderstandings between the interlocutors. In English, there is a difference in the pronunciation of a long and short vowel. For example, a short full (full) means full, and a long fool (full) means a fool. 🙂 Long vowel in our Russian-English phrasebook with pronunciation marked with a (:) in the pronunciation column. Studying this English, You will learn how to speak English correctly and also enrich your vocabulary with new words and expressions.
Dear guests of the Bambooot travel club, you have viewed English phrasebook... It is generally accepted that English is an international spoken language, but other foreign languages may be needed for more comfortable communication abroad. You can get acquainted with them at the following links:
We are waiting for interesting feedback and suggestions from you on how you can improve ours.