Name inhalers. Inhalers for bronchial asthma: names and prices of drugs

One of the most severe chronic diseases that poisons the lives of millions of people around the world is both adults and children suffering from it. Asthma is characterized by the fact that chronic inflammation causes a strong sensitivity of the bronchi. And in the presence of provoking factors, their spasm arises, during which a person feels bronchial asthma are very dangerous in that they need to react immediately, otherwise the patient begins to suffocate, and death may occur without medication. In recent decades, new effective diseases have emerged. It is best to use an asthma inhaler, as it provides the fastest penetration of the drug into the respiratory tract. Moreover, now there are many varieties of them, and the patient can choose the one that suits him. All people suffering from asthma must carry an inhaler with them at all times so that in the event of an attack, they can react quickly.

Features of the disease

Asthma remedies

Inhalers are the best way to deliver medicine immediately to the airway. During an asthma attack, the patient often does not have time to wait for the injection or pill to take effect. Therefore, inhalers are used in emergency cases. And in the period between attacks, the usual means are used for treatment: tablets, syrups or injections. For the prevention of seizures, "Ventolin" or "Brickail" are often used. Small children are also rarely inhaled, and the medicine is used for them in the form of a syrup. All asthma medications can be divided into two groups:

• bronchodilators, which relieve spasm of the bronchial muscles, dilate blood vessels and thereby facilitate breathing for the patient;
• anti-inflammatory drugs are used in courses to relieve inflammation and swelling in the bronchi.

In addition, a hormonal inhaler for asthma has recently become widespread. Due to the fact that the drug is delivered in small doses and immediately into the respiratory tract, it is devoid of all the negative effects of hormonal pills, and the effect of it is higher than that of other drugs.

What is an inhaler

Inhalation as a method of treating respiratory diseases has been known since antiquity. People inhaled smoke from burning medicinal plants or steam from their decoction. Over time, the procedure has improved: from burning leaves on a fire to an earthen pot with a straw inserted into it. The modern asthma inhaler has nothing to do with such methods, since it must meet many requirements. The first device for these purposes appeared back in 1874, but now there are many varieties of it. Each of them has its pros and cons, and only a doctor can decide which inhaler is best for asthma for a particular patient. But all of them are designed to deliver the drug to the bronchi as quickly as possible and to facilitate the patient's breathing. The medicine in the device breaks down into very small particles, which quickly penetrate into the lungs. Therefore, now an asthma inhaler is the best remedy. An effective replacement has not yet been invented.

What are inhalers

Many drugs are now used to relieve asthma attacks. They differ in size, method of drug delivery and type of drug. The most common are pocket inhalers. In bronchial asthma, the following are most often used:

1. Powder inhalers with a dispenser allow you to accurately enter the required dose of the drug. They are very easy to use, but they cost more than others.
2. Liquid aerosols are the most inexpensive and common inhalers. Their disadvantage is that they are effective only if the patient inhales simultaneously with the release of the drug.

In addition, there are stationary inhalers that are inconvenient to use during attacks, but they are used to prevent them:

1. Nebulizers - using a compressor or ultrasound, break the drug into very small particles that reach the most distant corners of the respiratory tract.
2. The adapter for a conventional inhaler can also be used in stationary conditions. It is called a spacer and only helps deliver the medication while inhaling.

How to choose the right inhaler

After examining the patient, the doctor prescribes a medicine for him, which is designed to help in the prevention and relief of seizures. When choosing an inhaler, you need to focus on the doctor's recommendations. But when buying, you should also pay attention to the following characteristics:

The most common asthma inhalers

Their list is constantly expanding, new drugs are being created, they are becoming more convenient and safe. Usually the doctor will prescribe some drug that is more suitable for the patient. They can be bronchodilators or anti-inflammatory drugs. They are already available in the form of an inhaler or solution for use in a nebulizer. Bronchodilators include:

They are used mainly for the treatment and prevention of seizures. It can be:

• glucocorticoids effectively relieve bronchial edema. These are "Fluticasone", "Beclamethasone" or "Budesonide";
• stabilizers of mast cell membranes are most often used in pediatrics: "Cromolin" and "Nedocromil";
• in cases where asthma cannot be treated with other drugs, Omalizumab containing anti-immunoglobulin E is used.

Which inhalers are better

It is difficult to answer this question, since the approach must be strictly individual. Only a doctor, after a complete examination of the patient, can determine which drug and in what form will be effective. The best inhaler for asthma is the one that quickly relieves the attack, does not cause side effects, and is easy to use. Which of them are the most common?

Benefits of a pocket inhaler

It has the shape of a can, in which the drug is under high pressure and, when the cap is pressed, is released into the respiratory tract. It is in this form that it is most convenient to use medicines for the relief of asthma attacks. Indeed, in many cases it is very important to apply the treatment in the first seconds. And the pocket inhaler can always be carried with you - it is small in size and weighs very little. This is especially convenient for those who are rarely at home and lead an active lifestyle. It is quite easy to use such an inhaler, and even children can cope with it. An attack can happen at any time, so it is very important that the medicine is always on hand. Pocket inhalers are available in powder and liquid form. The doctor can tell which one is better to choose. The advantages of this type of inhaler also include the fact that the drug is delivered in strictly defined portions, which allows you to prevent overdose.

Child treatment

From the age of three, children can use the inhaler. This usually does not cause negative emotions in the child, which cannot be said about injections.

For more accurate dosing of the drug, small children are recommended to use a spacer, which, using a special valve, delivers the medicine only when inhaling. Later, you can already do without it. What inhalers for bronchial asthma are used for children? It is best to use powdered ones as they are easier to dose. In this respect, Symbicort Turbuhaler is quite convenient and safe.

How to use a pocket inhaler correctly

After a minute, you can inject a second dose of the drug if necessary.

Safety rules for the asthma patient

• a person with any form of the disease should always have on hand a remedy for stopping an attack. Care should be taken not to forget the asthma inhaler when leaving the house. You need to know its name or write it down in order, if necessary, to purchase it at a pharmacy;
• you cannot use inhalers more often than 8 times a day. If the attacks recur or the drug does not help, you should consult a doctor;
• when using the inhaler, you must read the instructions - it is often recommended to rinse your mouth after using it, otherwise the drug may cause stomatitis or thrush;
• in addition to using drugs prescribed by a doctor, for the prevention of seizures, it is important to lead a correct lifestyle: avoid tobacco smoke, various allergens, dose physical activity, not get nervous and not overcool.

Bronchial asthma is a disease characterized by inflammation in the bronchi, due to which the latter become hypersensitive to various stimuli.

With asthma, the patient may begin to experience suffocation in a variety of situations: when frightened or intensely agitated, in a dusty or stuffy room, in contact with pets, or when going out into cold air.

For asthmatics, a prolonged attack that is not stopped in time with a special drug can be fatal. For bronchial asthma, there are drugs of various mechanisms of action and forms of release, but many of them have a sufficient number of side effects.

The tablets have a generalized effect and negatively affect the liver and kidneys, they work for a long time, they cannot be given to the patient during an attack. Injections must be performed by a skilled person and under sterile conditions.

At the moment, inhalers allow them to be used anywhere, to carry them with you, and their action due to the localization of the substance is much faster and stronger than other dosage forms.

Therefore, today, most often the choice is inclined in favor of the most modern method of administering a medicine for asthma, which has the least number of disadvantages - inhalation. What asthma inhalers are currently in medicine? What are their advantages and disadvantages? How to choose the best inhaler on the market and how to use it correctly? Read about all this further in the article.

Inhaler types

Initially, inhalers were bulky structures that were not possible not only to carry with you, but also to have them outside hospitals.

For almost a century and a half of the evolution of medical devices (since 1874), inhalers have changed significantly, which made it possible to always have a medicine with any patient in need.

There are several types of inhalers available today.

Liquid inhalers

A very common inhalation system, which owes its popularity to the simplicity and low cost of the design. A liquid inhaler contains a drug in a solution that converts to an asthma aerosol at the push of a button. Activation of the button delivers fluid to the nebulizer by force of pressure, and the spray distributes the medicine over the bronchial surfaces.

The difficulty in using the aerosol for the patient is that training is required to synchronize inhalation with the activation of the inhaler. If you inhale incorrectly, the medicine settles in the mouth and throat and does not have the desired effect. It is especially difficult to use such medicines for a child.

In addition, due to the fact that a liquid is used in this type of inhaler, its effectiveness is somewhat reduced due to the rather large size of aerosol particles - they inevitably settle in the mouth and are swallowed by the patient. However, most manufacturers take this circumstance into account when selecting a dose.

Powder inhalers

This type of inhaler is considered the most effective of the existing ones. The can contains a medicinal substance in the form of a dry fine powder.

Powder inhalers for bronchial asthma are designed for one or more doses. Doses of the substance are contained in gelatin capsules, which the inhaler is filled with.

The patient, holding the inhaler in the oral cavity, inhales air, and the energy of inhalation sets in motion a mechanism that pierces the capsule and directs the substance into the bronchi.

This can be attributed to the advantage of powder inhalers: often patients find it difficult to inhale correctly at the same time as activating the device, but here the medicine is injected itself at the desired breathing phase.

The effectiveness of such inhalers lies in the qualitative distribution of the substance over the surface of the bronchi due to the low weight of the dispersion relative to liquid inhalers. In addition, the ease of use makes the use of this type of inhaler universal. The only drawback of such systems is their high cost.

Spacers are essentially an additional chamber that attaches to the main body of the inhaler and makes it easier to use the medication.

The spacer mechanism is designed in such a way that the asthma inhaler begins to spray only at the same time as the patient inhales. Thus, using the inhaler does not require special training to synchronize breathing, and the consumption of the agent becomes more economical.

It is especially convenient to use spacers for children who, due to their age, find it difficult to breathe correctly during inhalation. The disadvantage of such devices is their size, which often exceeds the size of the inhaler itself.

Nebulizers

These devices are not a specific treatment for asthma - nebulizers are used to treat bronchitis and other diseases of the bronchi.

The principle of operation of these devices is to spray a finely dispersed substance, due to which the particles of the substance can be freely distributed over the bronchial tree and have an effective effect.

Nebulizers are compressor and ultrasonic, depending on the principle of action on the liquid. Nebulizer formulations are sold separately and are a separate dosage form.

Despite their good performance and relative versatility, nebulizers are not a common treatment for asthma symptoms. these devices are cumbersome, they are placed purely stationary, because work from the network, and it is not always possible to use them promptly.

When treating asthma through a nebulizer, the patient is given mainly anti-inflammatory compounds. Although more compact nebulizers are already on the market, they are still too expensive to install in every home and too large for mobile use.

Types of medicinal substances in inhalers

Conventionally, all drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma used by inhalation can be divided into two large groups:

1. Bronchodilators (bronchodilators).
2. Anti-inflammatory drugs.

The first group of drugs is used urgently for an asthma attack, as well as during an exacerbation with frequent uncontrolled (especially nocturnal) attacks.

Another group of drugs is a direct method of treatment and is used for a long time, in order to bring asthma into remission and eliminate the cause of suffocation - inflammation in the bronchi.

There are other substances used in the treatment of bronchial asthma, but their dosage form is not presented in the form of inhalers - they are used in the form of tablets or injections.

Instructions for the use of inhalers

Often, the lack of effectiveness of drugs is associated either with incorrect prescription (self-medication, failure to seek medical help), or with incorrect use of inhalers.

It is necessary to consult a specialist at every exacerbation of bronchial asthma, even if the patient has been ill for a long enough time to know the full range of measures.

The instructions for use are attached to each inhaler, but are often ignored by the patient, while its implementation is very important.

The use of various types of inhalers has its own specifics, however, in general terms, the instruction is as follows:

The same algorithm should be repeated if the patient is prescribed more than one dose.

After completing all operations, you must wipe the mouthpiece with a dry soft cloth, replace the protective cap. The mouth must be rinsed with water and spit out without swallowing - this is done to avoid intoxication.

It is necessary to pay attention to the indicator on the bottle, if there is one on this model of the inhaler. A patient with bronchial asthma should always have at his disposal a charged vial of an inhaler for timely relief of an attack and in order to avoid the development of asthmatic status.

Also, in the presence of side effects after inhalation - nausea, vomiting, palpitations - you should immediately consult a doctor to replace the drug.

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Drugs for bronchial asthma are the main method for relieving symptoms of the disease in adults and children, allowing you to maximize the remission time. Without their use, the disease will progress and worsen.

To date, to relieve attacks, all kinds of medications for bronchial asthma have been developed, but only a doctor can prescribe them. Since it is important to understand all groups and understand which drugs for treatment will be the best choice for a particular patient. Consider the main groups of drugs and their features.

Basic approaches to asthma treatment

There are several principles that determine the treatment of asthma:

1. timely prevention of the disease;
2. taking symptomatic remedies to quickly eliminate the manifestations of the disease;
3. preparations for bronchial asthma to normalize breathing;
4. funds that urgently relieve an asthmatic attack;
5. selection of drugs that, with minimal use, give a stable effect and practically have no side effects.

Only a doctor can determine a regimen of several drugs. Complex therapy involves the use of funds from different groups, therefore it is important that a specialist selects specific medications for bronchial asthma, because many groups are often incompatible with each other.

There are 4 stages of bronchial asthma, each of which has its own approaches to treatment. The following classification is adopted:

• Stage I is the mildest stage of the disease, which does not even require long-term treatment. The patient uses only short-acting drugs (for example, an aerosol or spray for bronchial asthma) to relieve rare attacks.
• Stage II - basic therapy involves the use of hormonal inhalants. If they are contraindicated or ineffective, theophyllines and cromones are prescribed.
• Stage III - it is characterized by the use of combinations of bronchodilators and hormonal agents.
• Stage IV is the most pronounced stage of bronchial asthma. With it, you need to take not only inhaled forms of hormones and bronchodilators, but also pill hormonal drugs.

Basic therapy

Basic drugs mean those anti-asthma drugs that must be taken by the patient every day for a long time. They not only stop possible attacks, but also alleviate the overall picture of the disease, suppress the development of asthma.

Basic drugs relieve inflammation in the bronchi, fight edema, and reduce allergic symptoms. This group of drugs includes glucocorticoids, antihistamines, antileukotriene drugs, bronchodilators, cromones.

Let's consider these anti-asthma drugs in more detail.

Hormonal agents

The hormonal basic drugs include the following drugs:

• Maple;
• Sintaris;
• Symbicort;
• Flixotide;
• Budenofalk;
• Salmecort;
• Seretide;
• Symbicort Turbuhaler;
• Aldecin and others.

Non-hormonal agents

The lion's share of the basic drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma are non-hormonal drugs, such as:

• Ventolin;
• Salbutamol;
• Foradil;
• Montelast;
• Singlon.

Cromones

These preparations are made on the basis of cromonic acid. A wide range of remedies include the following medications:

• Cromohexal;
• Ketotifen;
• Ketoprofen;
• Sodium cromoglycate;
• Nedokromil;
• Cromoline;
• Intal;
• Tiled.

Cromonic acid and its analogs block the inflammatory process, which helps to stop the development of asthma. The drugs inhibit the formation of pro-inflammatory mast cells and normalize the size of the bronchi.

It should be remembered that cromones are contraindicated in children under 6 years of age and are not used for emergency treatment of asthma, as their effect manifests itself over time. With an attack of bronchial asthma, other means are used - an aerosol with hormonal substances, antihistamines.

Antileukotriene drugs

These drugs fight inflammation and relieve bronchospasm. Group representatives:

• Zafirlukast;
• Montelukast;
• Formoterol;
• Salmeterol.

Any agent of this group is used as an addition to the main therapy. Medicines for children can also be used.

Systemic glucocorticosteroids

This is the most difficult group of drugs that are prescribed in especially severe cases when the main therapy does not help. The principle of work of glucocorticoids is to block inflammatory processes in the bronchi and prevent the development of an attack.

Hormones have the best healing effect. But, despite the good result after taking them, the drugs have many side effects. Therefore, it is more effective to take them only as a last resort, when other pills no longer work.

Hormones can be used as inhalation and systemic agents. Systemic drugs include Prednisolone and Dexamethasone tablets.

Glucocorticosteroids are contraindicated for long-term use in children, since they can cause steroid diabetes, cataracts, hypertension, stomach ulcers and other pathologies.

Beta-2-adrenergic agonists

These funds are used to relieve asthma attacks, as well as in basic treatment. The list of the group is as follows:

• Salamol Eco Light Breath;
• Berotek N;
• Relvar Ellipt;
• Foradil Combi;
• Foratil;
• Dopamine;
• Fenoterol.

They cause the expansion of the bronchi, than relieve an asthma attack. They are part of multiple options for complex therapy.

Inhalants

Inhalation is one of the best treatments for asthma. Medicines through a cartridge or inhaler quickly enter the respiratory system. Thus, with the help of inhalers, an asthma attack is stopped. But basic treatment is also possible in this way. The following drugs are used:

• Alvesco;
• Salamol;
• Atrovent;
• Flixotide;
• Bekotide;
• Alvesco;
• Flixotide and others.

Inhalation is used to treat children with asthma who may be less than 3 years old. Such a remedy for asthma is considered the safest. Patients are advised to always carry an asthma inhaler or an appropriate aerosol with them in order to stop a possible attack. In addition, inhalations are used for bronchitis, throat diseases, so it is recommended for a child to have them - this is the best preventive way to prevent many diseases.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment

Do not expect a complete cure for asthma from basic therapy. She has other tasks:

1. trying to avoid more frequent attacks;
2. reducing the need for ultrashort drugs;
3. improved breathing.

Basic drugs must be used throughout life and their dose must be adjusted periodically. In this case, all adjustments are made by the doctor. He assesses how much the seizures have decreased, how often the patient has to use short-acting drugs, how pronounced the side effects are, etc.

Drugs that relieve an asthma attack

Even when taking basic funds, an attack of suffocation can sometimes begin. It must be stopped with drugs of the groups indicated below.

Sympathomimetics

Short-acting sympathomimetics include the following list:

• Salbutamol;
• Isoprenaline;
• Orciprenaline;
• Pirbuterol, etc.

The action of the drugs is the immediate expansion of the bronchi. The funds must always be with you and taken in order to provide first aid at the onset of an attack.

M-cholinergic receptor blockers

Most often used:

• Becarbon;
• Ipratropium;
• Bellastesin;
• Atrovent and others.

Antihistamines

Bronchial asthma most often has symptoms similar to an immediate allergic reaction, therefore it is recommended to take Deoratadine, Levocetirizine, Fexofenadine and other antihistamines in parallel.

Bronchial asthma is considered an incurable pathology. This means that asthmatics will have to take drugs for life, otherwise the respiratory function will be severely inhibited, and asphyxiation will lead to death. It is necessary to constantly be monitored by a doctor, not to miss medical examinations - then the picture of the disease will improve.

1. Always carry a supply of medication with you in case of an attack.
2. Refill your home asthma medications on time as they may not be available at the pharmacy at the right time.
3. Know the treatment regimen, what drugs you are taking, and do not miss the reception time. The more closely you follow your doctor's schedule, the fewer asthma attacks you will experience.
4. Check the names of the drugs you are going to take, as well as their dosage.
5. Observe the principles of storage of drugs.
6. If you are going to change your treatment regimen, your doctor should be aware of this. The same applies to the use of various folk techniques and procedures.
7. Tell your doctor if you are taking other medicines. They can interfere with the effectiveness of anti-asthma drugs when taken at the same time.
8. Remember that all medications have side effects. If they are present, you must immediately stop taking and consult a doctor.

Remember that preventive measures and basic therapy play a much more important role than means for stopping an attack of bronchial asthma. Therefore, follow all the doctor's recommendations and this will help you get a long-term remission.

Nebulizers for asthma save a person's life. This is a serious and often incurable disease. It occurs due to the effect of allergens on the respiratory organs. With the help of antihistamines and other drugs, good treatment results can be achieved. Inhalers help control the progression of the disease and prevent it from worsening.

Inhaler types and use for asthmatics

Such drugs have a great advantage, since they deliver the drug to the site of irritation. Another attack can be provoked by: nervous tension, stress, cold air. Therefore, inhalers are very different, even pocket ones. After all, people with asthma should always carry this device with them. It should be noted that they are very convenient for children to use.

Inhaler types:

• Powder - the agent enters the body as a dry powder. This device is very convenient and easy to use. The disadvantages include the high price.
• Spacers - provide small metal (sometimes plastic) cameras. They are attached to the inhaler. Their principle of action is that when inhaling, drugs enter the lungs, and when exhaling, the inhaler valve closes. This allows you to save medicine and maximize its delivery to the site of irritation. It is recommended. At different ages, they do not always understand how to breathe correctly when inhaled. In this case, this device is just a godsend.
• Nebulizers are a modern type of inhaler. With their help, it is possible to ensure the maximum dispersion of the drug on a small area of ​​the bronchi. They are very effective and maximize the effects of medication. Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the small size. Therefore, it is impossible to carry them with you as well as to use in case of an accidental attack of suffocation. They are suitable for inpatient or home treatment. Nebulizers are divided into compressor and ultrasonic ones. The latter, with the help of vibrations, distributes the substance even to the distant parts of the respiratory tract. Therefore, when choosing which one is better, it is worth paying attention to the effectiveness of the treatment. Among the unusual nebulizers are pocket ones. They appeared on sale not so long ago. They work thanks to batteries, but they are very expensive. Therefore, they are not as popular.
• Liquid aerosols - with their help, you can use cans with various drugs and doses. Their price is quite cheap. They are also easy to use. But they have a significant drawback - drugs enter the respiratory organs only when inhaled. Training is required to use this asthma inhaler. It is important to take into account that when aerosol is used, medicines settle in the mouth, albeit in small quantities. But then they enter the digestive system and cause negative consequences. More often this happens from an overdose of medication.
• Hormonal - designed for treatment with glucocorticosteroids. Among such inhalers are well-known: Symbicort and Salbutamol. Such inhalers for bronchial asthma and not only relieve swelling and inflammation of the mucous membranes. This is influenced by the well-known hormone - adrenaline. It should be noted that such inhalations do not cause side effects, since steroids do not enter the bloodstream. They are prescribed after treatment with drugs for internal use. For asthmatics, these inhalers are one of the best. They not only provide inhalation of the drug, but also control the air that enters the lungs. Thus, the required amount of medicine is determined. All this is done by the inhaler, not the person.

What inhalers are used for asthma?

Usually inhalers contain one or the other medicine. They are designed for use in exacerbations of asthma and asthma attacks. They can be prescribed both for long-term treatment of the disease, and for one or more applications. The contents of the inhaler can be changed and a cartridge with the necessary medicines can be placed. Among them are often prescribed:

• Symbicort, Salbutamol;
• Becotide, Beclomethasone;
• Ingacort, Fluticasone.

It is worth noting that inhalers for bronchial asthma can be used for inflammation and as a bronchodilator. Thus, they relieve asthma attacks and eliminate the causes of inflammation. To do this, use the following drugs: Salbutamol, Terbutaline, Levalbuterol. You can relax the bronchi with drugs such as Ipratropium and Atrovent.

A doctor should prescribe inhalation for asthma. At the same time, taking into account the peculiarity of allergies and the factors that contribute to its exacerbation. Each can of a drug must be carefully examined before use. One medicine in its content is intended to address the specific cause of an attack or inflammation.

What medicines are used in inhalers?

Despite the fact that in modern medicine there is a large assortment of medicines, Salbutamol and Symbicort are most often used in inhalers. Such inhalations for bronchial asthma are done for adults and children. They are the most effective because they relieve the symptoms of the disease in a short time. To avoid undesirable consequences, it is necessary to undergo training before use.

There are other medications that are prescribed for inhalers. They have the following names:

• Magnesium sulfate;
• Lazolvan;
• Dekasan;
• Atrovent;
• Berotek.

In addition to drugs, inhalations with mineral water (Borjomi) and saline can be prescribed. They help to treat bronchitis initially.

In what cases it is impossible to do inhalation

Any drug has contraindications and cannot be used by every person. At the same time, the very type and model of inhalers do not matter at all. It all depends only on medications. An inhaler for asthma can only be used after being prescribed by an allergist.

Contraindications for use:

• Hemorrhages in the lungs (while the blood is visible during the expectoration process);
• Pneumothorax;
• Diseases of the heart and vascular system;
• Disorders in blood coagulation and circulation;
• Acute stage of hypertension;
• The period after suffering strokes and heart attacks;
• Hypersensitivity to certain drugs;
• The increase in body temperature is more than 38 °.

Some inhalers cannot be used for diabetes. This information is indicated in the instructions for use. Inhalers, including asthma inhalers, cannot be used immediately after physical exertion. It is necessary to do a time interval of at least 2 hours. Smoking is prohibited after inhalation. Breathing in nicotine is also not recommended. After such a procedure, it is better for the patient to be under the supervision of a specialist for at least 20 minutes.

How to use inhalers?

Before using the inhaler for asthma or other diseases, you must study the instructions for use. Then the treatment will be effective and the risk of side effects will decrease.

The following recommendations will help you to use the inhaler correctly:

1. Before use, it is necessary to clean the oral cavity from food debris (you can simply rinse it);
2. Shake the can and remove the lid;
3. After exhaling deeply, squeeze the tip of the spray can with your lips;
4. It is important to take into account that the medicine is delivered with inhalation and pressing on the aerosol. This must be done at the same time;
5. After removing the tip and holding your breath (10-15 seconds);
6. The last stage of use will be exhalation. Then the can must be closed.

It is worth noting that if there is no effective treatment with inhalers for bronchial asthma, then you should consult a doctor. He must make changes in treatment and find more effective drugs. This will help avoid serious consequences that arise from improper treatment. Every patient should be trained before using any inhaler. Improper use can be the reason for ineffective treatment. The attending physician conducts training.

What should you pay attention to when choosing an inhaler?

This issue must be approached with the utmost seriousness. After examination and diagnosis, the doctor determines whether the patient needs inhalation or not. It is prohibited to use any kind of inhaler on your own. But you can express your wishes to the doctor about the comfortable and convenient use of this device. The following information will help with this:

• The most convenient inhaler is the pocket one;
• The device should be simple and straightforward to use so that you can use it yourself during an attack;
• It is very convenient if the inhaler independently controls the dose of the medication;
• Affordable price.

Inhalers for children

The name nebulizer has become popular not so long ago. Previously, steam inhalation was used to treat children from various diseases. For a child, this process is a real test. Modern inhalers make the treatment as comfortable as possible. Spacers are recommended for children. They independently distribute and control the medicine, no matter how the child breathes. Most children are afraid of such devices, because they do not know how to breathe correctly.

If a child is afraid of a couple, then adults can show that it does not hurt. Children should not be forced to do such procedures if they are accompanied by hysteria, fear and tears. The child should feel comfortable. Stress can trigger an extra asthma attack. And also it is impossible for the child to scream during inhalation.

Treatment with inhalers is prescribed by a doctor. This also applies to medicines for such procedures and their dosage. There are different types of medicines that are used to treat children. The most famous of them:

• Steroid drugs - Busedonide, Beclomethasone;
• Drugs that have a direct effect on the respiratory organs and can stop attacks of suffocation;
• The best drugs are Salbutamol, Terbutaline.

It occurs against the background of allergies and certain consequences. Do not self-medicate children and put it off. This can cause serious complications. Adults and children who suffer from asthma are advised to always have inhalers with them. You can have several. For example: one pocket - to have it always near, and the other - for home use. Nebulizers should be in every home, especially if there are children. They help to quickly cure colds and various respiratory diseases.

Asthma aerosol is often used due to its availability and ease of use. Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system, which is combined with bronchial obstruction, which has the opposite character under the influence of medications. Symptoms of this disease develop very quickly and are manifested by recurrent episodes of shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing and chest tightness. Therefore, it is necessary to use emergency medications, and the most accessible form is aerosols.

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Indications for asthma aerosol use

Treatment of bronchial asthma, both in children and adults, can be carried out in three ways: injection, oral and inhalation. The most convenient is the method of inhalation delivery of the drug, which is associated with the direct delivery of the active substance to the respiratory system and the rapid onset of action.

For treatment, two basic principles are used: the use of basic therapy drugs, which the patient needs all the time, and emergency drugs, which are necessary to stop asthma attacks. Depending on the need, they use different medications, therefore, the indications for use differ according to the groups of drugs.

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)

It is produced in the form of injection vials and aerosol of 10 ml, which is 200 doses. 1 aerosol dose contains active ingredient 0.2 mg.

: the drug blocks the M-cholinergic receptors of the tracheobronchial tree and in this way promotes the expansion of the smooth muscle bronchi. The drug also reduces the secretion of the bronchial glands, acts on the vagus nerve and prolongs the relaxing effect.

With the inhalation route of administration, the bioavailability is not more than 10%. The effect occurs within 6-15 minutes after application, the maximum effect is achieved after 1 hour, and the duration of its action is 6 hours, sometimes about 8 hours.

Ipratropium bromide is metabolized by liver enzymes and excreted by the intestines.

Contraindications to the use of ipratropium: the drug is not taken with excessive genetic sensitivity to its components, as well as to atropine, congenital pathologies of the bronchopulmonary system (cystic fibrosis). It is not prescribed for prostatic hyperplasia, disorders of the urinary system, glaucoma.

Side effects: dyspeptic symptoms in the form of nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, decreased motor-evacuation function of the intestine. Changes in the pulmonary system - thickening of sputum, cough, laryngospasm, paradoxical bronchospasm, burning of the nasal mucosa. Allergic manifestations in the form of urticarial elements on the skin, tongue edema, anaphylactic shock, high blood pressure, palpitations, arrhythmia can be observed.

Doses and methods of using the drug: children six to twelve years old are used to eliminate bronchial spasm 0.2-0.4 mg (1-2 doses, which corresponds to 1-2 breaths). Older children and adults - 0.4-0.6 mg (2-3 doses). The drug should not be used more than 5 times in 24 hours. For the prevention of asthmatic attacks before any physical activity or possible exposure to an allergen, this drug is not recommended, as it has many different precautions and undesirable effects.

Overdose: no specific changes were found when the dose of the drug was exceeded. Possible increased side effects, spasm of accommodation, arrhythmia, dryness of the epithelium of the oral cavity, impaired swallowing.

Drug interactions: when used with short-acting β2-agonists, synergism and enhancement of the effect is possible, as well as a sharp deterioration in the patient's condition with concomitant glaucoma. When used simultaneously with antidepressants, the latter potentiate the action of Atrovent.

Storage conditions: Ipratropium bromide is usable for 2.5 years. It must be stored at a temperature not exceeding 27 degrees, do not succumb to low temperatures, exclude the ingress of infrared rays.

1. Medications for basic asthma treatment

Budesonide (Pulmicort)

Available in capsule, spray, ointment, ampoule and aerosol form. Dosed aerosol consists of 200 doses, 1 dose - 0.2 mg of budesonide. There is a form of Mite release - 1 dose of 0.05 mg.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: the drug is a representative of inhaled corticosteroids, which reveal a pronounced bronchodilatory effect due to an intense anti-inflammatory effect. The drug acts on inflammatory cells, inhibits their action, reduces the amount of inflammatory cytokines, increases the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteins, and reduces the number of T cells. It initiates the work of epithelial cells and increases mucociliary clearance, the number of adrenergic receptors also increases.

The bioavailability of the drug by inhalation is about 25%. The maximum concentration is reached after 15-45 minutes. The pronounced effect of the drug occurs only with course use after 5-6 days.

Contraindications for the use of Budesonide: There are no specific absolute contraindications to treatment with Budesonide. It is not recommended to use an aerosol during lactation, in the case of tuberculosis, fungal infections of the oral cavity, hereditary intolerance to the components of the active substance.

Side effects: regional local manifestations in the form of dryness of the oral mucosa, hoarseness of the voice, burning throat, cough, pharyngitis, oral candidiasis, nausea

Doses and methods of administration: during an exacerbation as a basic therapy from 0.4 mg (2 doses) to 1.2 (6 doses), divided by 3 times a day. During initial therapy during the period of remission, the minimum concentration is prescribed - from 0.2 mg to 0.4 mg 2 times a day. Children, given their age, use the form "mite" from 0.05 to 0.2 mg per day.

Overdose: symptoms of chronic drug overdose are the appearance of signs of hypercortisolism in the form of hormonal obesity, thinning of the skin, hirsutism, acne, moonlike face.

Interaction with other drugs: with simultaneous use with some antibiotics, it is possible to enhance the action of budesonide, when taken together with cardiac glycosides, their effect is enhanced due to hypokalemia, when taking diuretics, hypokalemia increases.