Download ppt "Plant Parasites" Parasitic plants

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Epiphytes

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Columnae - epiphytic plants, demanding care

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Mistletoe takes root and grows into ball-shaped bushes high in the branches of old trees. Moisture and nutrients are taken from the tree on which they grow, running their roots deep under the bark of the "host". Mistletoe prefers to "settle" on apple trees, but they can also be seen on other trees with softer bark: hawthorn, poplar, linden, chestnut, mountain ash, birch, oak, and even some conifers. In winter, when the leaves are almost completely dropped from deciduous trees, mistletoe bushes are especially visible on bare crowns. In our strip, mistletoe blooms at the end of winter, and the berries can stay on the plant for more than a year.

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In winter, when the leaves are almost completely dropped from deciduous trees, mistletoe bushes are especially visible on bare crowns. In our strip, mistletoe blooms at the end of winter, and the berries can stay on the plant for more than a year.

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Mariannik oakwood

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Mistletoe on a tree

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Narrow-leaved rattle - Rhinanthus angustifolius Do not try to sow rattle seeds in a flower bed with dug up soil - they will not germinate there. The fact is that this plant, which is widespread almost everywhere, parasitizes on the roots of cereals. To get rattle thickets, scatter the seeds on an abandoned lawn area or any other grassy area. It would be better if such a place is found in a corner of "wild nature" with field herbs. If the seeds germinate and the plants begin to develop, they will subsequently disperse without additional effort on the part of the grower. When touched, the ripe fruit makes a characteristic sound, for which this plant got its name.

Plants - "robbers" The presentation was prepared by: Bolshakova Elena Ivanovna, teacher of additional education for children MOUDOD "Kirishsky DYUT" 2015

Bud ripening lasts several months, and flowering lasts several days. The fruits are berry-shaped and contain numerous seeds. Seeds are dispersed by large mammals (such as elephants with crushed berries stuck to their feet) and insects (such as ants). Due to massive deforestation, the habitats of rafflesia are shrinking.

Peter's cross (flake, lurker, king-grass) The birthplace of this perennial plant is Europe and Asia. In the soil, the root branches and forms cruciform joints, from which the name of the plant comes. They exist entirely at the expense of the host plant, due to the lack of chlorophyll.

Maryanniki bloom in early summer. Flowers maryannika oaky yellow with bright blue bracts. Meadow maryannik does not have elegant purple bracts. They are considered good honey plants. The seeds serve as fodder for forest game. Settling next to an anthill, it scatters its seeds, similar to ant pupae. The ants drag them into their burrows, where the seeds germinate. Ants feed on the fleshy appendages of the seeds.

Blooms in May - June. The yellow flowers look like cockscombs. When the plant is rocked, the ripened seeds knock ("rattle") against the walls of the fruit (hence the name of the plant). Rattle is a poisonous plant, including seeds.

It is of food importance for birds. Seeds are dispersed mainly by thrushes. When eating berries, they stain their beak with a sticky berry mass that contains seeds. Flying from tree to tree and cleaning their beaks on branches, birds stain them with a sticky substance and throw out seeds with feces. Glued seeds begin to germinate after a while. Glue can be made from fruits. The leaves and stems are poisonous and ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The extract from young leaves is used in medicine. For many nations, mistletoe is a symbol of life and a protective talisman.

White, pink or green flowers are collected in spherical inflorescences. Seeds remain viable in the soil for up to 8-10 years. The plant is poisonous.

Sundew and Venus flytrap are insectivorous plants. The sticky substance produced by the leaves contains a substance that has a paralytic effect on insects and digestive enzymes. After the insect is caught, the edges of the leaf are closed, covering it entirely.

ZhIRYANKA - the upper side of the leaf is covered with numerous glands: some of them secrete sugary mucus, which is a trap for small insects; other glands generate enzymes that aid in the digestion of food. The movements of caught insects lead to a slow twisting of the leaf, and the mucus dissolves the proteins of the victim's body. ZhIRYANKA - the upper side of the leaf is covered with numerous glands: some of them secrete sugary mucus, which is a trap for small insects; other glands generate enzymes that aid in the digestion of food. The movements of caught insects lead to a slow twisting of the leaf, and the mucus dissolves the proteins of the victim's body.

Pemphigus is an aquatic insectivorous plant, devoid of roots and carrying more or fewer trapping bubbles. Each vial is provided with a hole closed by an inward-opening valve, as a result of which small aquatic animals can freely enter the inside of the vial, but cannot exit back. When they die, they serve as food for the plant. Stems are leafless, erect.

Dodder - has no roots and leaves. Stem filiform or cord-like, yellowish, greenish-yellow or reddish. The dodder wraps itself around the host plant, inserts “suckers” into its tissue and feeds on its juices. Recent studies have shown that the dodder is able to detect the smell of plants and thus find the prey.

Birds, mainly thrushes, take part in the distribution of mistletoe. Eating its berries, they stain their beak with a sticky berry mass, and then, flying from tree to tree and, cleaning their beak on a branch, stain the branches with this sticky substance, which contains mistletoe germs. Birds, mainly thrushes, take part in the distribution of mistletoe. Eating its berries, they stain their beak with a sticky berry mass, and then, flying from tree to tree and, cleaning their beak on a branch, stain the branches with this sticky substance, which contains mistletoe germs.

Rafflesia does not have organs in which the process of photosynthesis would take place; moreover, representatives of this genus lack roots, stems, and leaves. Rafflesia receives all the substances necessary for its development from the tissues (roots or stems) of the host plant using suckers. Rafflesia does not have organs in which the process of photosynthesis would take place; moreover, representatives of this genus lack roots, stems, and leaves. Rafflesia receives all the substances necessary for its development from the tissues (roots or stems) of the host plant using suckers.

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Those fragments of the seedling that did not manage to penetrate into the tissues soon die off, and those that successfully penetrated begin to develop inside the victim plant, which, by the way, does not suffer from this at all. Rafflesia is not able to reproduce on its own; for this, she needs help, for example, ants, birds or large animals that will step on the fruit and spread the seeds through the forest. And even then, out of many thousands of seeds, a few dozen will be able to germinate. Rafflesia grows very slowly: the place where it has taken root swells only after 16-18 months. And it will take about 270 more days for the bud to ripen, and only then a full-fledged bud is formed.

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Petrov's cross, or scale, or lurker, or king-grass (Lathraea) is a genus of plants of the Broomrape family (previously included in Norichnikovye).

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