For kids about airplanes: an informative fairy tale about the types of aircraft in pictures for children, videos, tasks, games, presentation "What are the planes and why are they needed" for children.
For kids about airplanes
In this article you will find informative information about airplanes and games for children on this topic:
- presentation and story "What are the planes" for children with tasks and pictures,
- why do we need airplanes
- logarithmics"Aircraft",
- physical education minutes about the aircraft X,
- finger gymnastics about airplanes
- outdoor games about airplanes
- didactic games for children about airplanes.
What are the planes
Cognitive fairy tale about airplanes for children with educational tasks and pictures
How it all began, or why fly a plane to the Isle of Palms?
Once upon a time there was a very kind person in one city. It was a very famous veterinarian. Do you know who a veterinarian is and what he does? (Listen to the child's response and clarify if necessary.) This is a doctor for animals. And our veterinarian also treated birds, fish, animals. In the city, everyone called him respectfully - Pyotr Ivanovich Tabletkin. Or simply by last name - Dr. Tabletkin. If a canary fell ill or a dog's paw was injured, the inhabitants of the city immediately turned to him for help. And he helped everyone.
One fine spring day, someone knocked on the window to the vet. "Who is it?" Pyotr Ivanovich was surprised and opened the window. - "BUT! Galchonok. Fly in. What did you bring? Letter? From whom? Let's read it - apparently, this is something urgent! Pyotr Ivanovich opened the letter and recognized the handwriting of his old friend: “Hello, my dear friend! Now I work on the Isle of Palms in the ocean. We have an epidemic, many animals are sick, we need help. I beg you to urgently fly to our island and help. Please bring a set of medicines with you and more. Your friend Dr. Aibolit.
"I'm leaving immediately!" - decided Pyotr Ivanovich - I’ll just leave the veterinarian Poroshkov on duty here instead of myself and collect my suitcase with medicines for animals. Having done all these things, the famous veterinarian went to the airport.
Airfield
There was a field next to the terminal building. A very unusual field. Pyotr Ivanovich Tabletkin saw different fields. He saw a field for football players - it is called "football". He also visited the field for playing hockey, it was called ... Have you already guessed how? (hockey). And the field where corn grows he visited - it was called "corn field". And the field where rye grows is a “rye” field. And a field of wheat. You probably also know what it was called - ? (wheat field).
But he had never been to such a field before. It had only one aircraft. Have you already guessed what this field was and what it was called?
Note: Let the child come up with a name for the field, and then clarify that this field was called "flying". Why? Yes, because planes take off from it! There were a lot of different planes and helicopters on the airfield. Petr Ivanovich had never flown airplanes and helicopters before, and therefore he was confused. What plane will suit me and on which one will I fly to the Isle of Palms?
Who is a mechanic (technician)?
Suddenly, our veterinarian saw a small airplane with two wings. And a man came up to him and opened the door to the cockpit. “The pilot has come,” thought Pyotr Ivanovich and rushed to the plane. - "Hello. My name is Doctor Tabletkin. I am a veterinarian. I need to urgently fly to the aid of my friend on the Isle of Palms. A lot of animals got sick on the island. Can this plane fly there? Are you a pilot and could you help me?”
“Nice to meet you,” the stranger smiled back at him. My name is screw mechanic. I am not a pilot. I mechanic and make sure the planes are in good order. My profession is also called "technician". Of course, you can fly to the island of Palms on this plane. He shook his head sadly. “But you will be flying for too long. Better get on a jet plane that flies tomorrow to Madagascar, it will be faster.”
The famous veterinarian was very surprised: “I need to go to the Isle of Palms and I need to fly out right today. Why, then, will I fly not today, but tomorrow, and even to Madagascar? And why would such a strange road be faster?”
Vintov smiled at Pyotr Ivanovich again and explained: “A jet plane flies much faster than this small plane. If you fly out today on this plane, you will fly to the Isle of Palms in five days! And you will have to land several times to refuel the plane with fuel. A jet plane will bring you to Madagascar on the same day. There you will transfer to a small plane and in a few hours you will be in the right place.
Propeller and jet aircraft
The doctor was very interested in this message and asked the mechanic in a puzzled way: How can you tell a fast plane from a slow one? So that I don't make a mistake next time. Look at these two planes. One plane has a propeller. That's why it's called "screw", it flies slowly. Find the prop by the plane in the picture.
And the other plane has no propeller. He called "reactive"and flies very fast!"
Task for the child: Find in the picture propeller-driven aircraft and jet aircraft. How do they differ from each other?
Aircraft wing shapes: straight, triangular, swept.
"Yeah, I got it!" exclaimed Pyotr Ivanovich. “So, if an airplane has a propeller, then it flies slowly!” Is there any other way to distinguish a high-speed plane from a slow one?” Technician Vintov happily began to explain further: “There is another important sign. This is aircraft wing shape. Look at this photo. What does the wing look like?
- "To the arrow!" Doctor Tabletkin immediately answered. “Yes,” Vintov confirmed with pleasure. - " This plane has the wing has the form of an arrow, so we call such a wing "swept". If the wing is swept, then the aircraft flies faster, because such a wing cuts through the air better at high speed. And if the wing is straight, then the speed of the aircraft is lower.”
— And also What kind of wings do airplanes have? asked the veterinarian.
- It happens triangular wing, such aircraft are designed for very high speeds (such speeds are also called supersonic). Look at the photo of this aircraft - it has a delta wing.
There are also straight wing aircraft. They fly slower than all other aircraft.
Task for children: find the planes in the picture below: with a straight wing, with a delta wing, with a swept wing.
Answers to the task for children "What are the planes": a blue square is a delta wing aircraft, a green circle is a straight wing aircraft, a yellow square and a red circle are swept wing aircraft.
Why do we need different planes?
- “And what are“ supersonic speeds and supersonic aircraft? ”- asked Pyotr Ivanovich Tabletkin.
— « Supersonic aircraft are planes that fly so fast that they overtake the sound of their flight. The plane has already flown by, but the sound has not yet reached us. Such aircraft fly twice as fast as conventional jet aircraft,” the mechanic explained.
- "I want to fly tomorrow to the Isle of Palms on a supersonic plane!" - Pyotr Ivanovich perked up.
- “It is possible to fly, but most likely it will not work to land. The island is small, and the supersonic aircraft will not have time to slow down on the airfield, ”said Vintov.
- "BUT why do we need such small planes like the one at which we stand? It has a propeller, which means it flies slowly. And you won't get there fast. Plus, he's small. And this means that you can’t carry a lot of goods on it. Why then is it needed at all? asked Pyotr Ivanovich.
-"O! This is a very important and much needed aircraft. It has one extremely important property. You see, this plane has two large wings. And they are stacked one above the other, so he can take off and land on very small platforms. And it can even sit on a patch of land on an island or in a forest.
Assignment for children: Do you know what a “patch of land” is and where did this word come from?(Piglet is a five-kopeck coin. Now a five-ruble coin is also called this word. Piglet is also called a very small piece of land. And there is also a piglet - it is also round and small).
Technician Vintov continued: “Where a jet plane cannot land, this plane can land. Therefore, such planes fly short distances to the nearest villages and carry passengers and cargo in them. First, passengers and cargo are delivered by large jets to a large central airport. And already from it, on small planes, they are delivered from this big city and the main airport to small towns and villages.
Military aircraft
Suddenly, Tabletkin saw planes without propellers on the edge of the airfield. And the pilots came in. He joyfully exclaimed: “Here are the planes I need! They are without screws, which means they are reactive. And they have triangular wings, which means they will fly to the Isle of Palms very, very quickly, even faster than sound. Can I fly them to Madagascar today? And from Madagascar I will fly on a small plane to the island I need.
“Of course, this plane flies faster than any passenger plane. But flying on it is not so easy! the mechanic replied. “After all, this is a military aircraft and there is no room for passengers in it. You see, the cockpit is designed for one pilot, and rockets hang from below.
“Look, the other plane has two cockpits. The second cabin, probably, is intended for the passenger? the vet asked.
"Not, the navigator should sit behind the pilot in the rear cockpit. He tells the pilot where to fly. This is a military aircraft. On all military aircraft, there are no seats for passengers. Therefore, there are no windows on military aircraft - windows, ”said Screws.
Tasks for children:
Exercise 1. The navigator always sits behind the pilot. Find the pilot's cockpit and the navigator's cockpit in the photo of the aircraft.
Task 2. What do you think, what kind of aircraft is it - passenger or military? Why do you think so? How can you distinguish a military aircraft from a passenger aircraft in appearance?
Cargo aircraft
“Please tell me how it is possible to transport animals from the island to my clinic for treatment. Elephants and giraffes are very large and heavy, they won’t fit in a passenger plane,” Tabletkin asked.
"O! There are special planes for this. They are called cargo. There are no windows on the cargo plane. It has very large doors in order to accommodate large loads. Look, here on our airfield, the plane is being loaded. To fit the cargo in the plane, the nose and tail of this plane open outward - as if they were doors!
Here the nose of the cargo plane began to rise. And it opened as if it were not a nose, but a big door to the plane!
Here, instead of its nose, a special ramp is put forward in front of the aircraft, along which equipment can enter the cargo aircraft. And cargo doors open behind the cargo plane. Behind the cargo aircraft there is also a ramp for vehicles to enter the aircraft.
The plane is ready for loading!
Look what a big cargo plane! Such an aircraft can fit another smaller aircraft, and large cars, and even train cars, and a large boat, and even several helicopters, and tanks, and construction equipment, and many cars and a bus!”
Task for children: Look at the pictures and say what these cargo planes will carry by air.
Petr Ivanovich was delighted with cargo planes and their capabilities: “Now I will be calm for large animals! And I will know that if necessary, they can be transported to any animal hospital on the mainland. And what other aircraft are there besides military, passenger and cargo?”
What other planes are there?
Mechanic Vintov said nothing in response and showed Tabletkin an unusual photo. Look at him too. What do you think is happening here and what are the strings stretching from the first plane to the others? (listen to any suggestions the children have, and then talk about these planes). He explained:
« These are refueling aircraft. Why do you think they are called so - "refuelers"? (listen to the children's answers and their reflections and guesses). A large fuel tank is placed in a cargo plane and hoses are hung to which refueling aircraft dock for refueling. This is done so that they can get fuel right in flight without landing on the ground.
Here is another plane - a tanker.
Is on our airfield and training aircraft. Why do you think they are called that? Yes, they learn to fly on these planes. They are very small. There are only two places in them: for a pilot - an instructor and a pilot who is learning to fly an aircraft.
There are also sport aerobatic aircraft. They have only one place - for the pilot - athlete. He shows aerobatics on this plane.
Suddenly there was a loud noise. And a large passenger plane landed on the runway. “He will fly to Madagascar tomorrow morning,” Vintov said. “And now, after landing and disembarking the passengers, I will go to prepare it for tomorrow's flight. Come tomorrow and you will fly away on it.
Petr Ivanovich Tabletkin thanked Vintov for his help. And the next morning he was already flying by plane to Madagascar.
What is a seaplane and an amphibious aircraft?
Toward evening, the plane landed on the island of Madagascar. And the Veterinarian went to the terminal building to find out how he could fly to the Isle of Palms.
“Sorry, flights to the Isle of Palms have been cancelled. A storm hit the island two days ago and destroyed the runway. Her recovery will take several days, ”the dispatcher told him.
"How can I be?" asked the upset Pyotr Ivanovich. “It is so important for me to get to the island as soon as possible in order to help people and animals in trouble.”
"Let's send you to Palm Island by seaplane!" the dispatcher suggested. “Or by amphibious aircraft.”
"And what is it?" the vet was surprised.
“The word hydro means liquid. Seaplane is an aircraft that does not need a runway. He can sit right on the water. It is even better to use in such cases aircraft is amphibious. Amphibians are creatures that can live both in water and in the air. And this plane can take off both from the ground and from the water, that's why it was called that. An amphibious plane has a bottom like a boat, but it also has wheels like a regular plane.”
“I am ready to fly on an amphibious aircraft,” Tabletkin was delighted.
"Go to exit number 15. The amphibious plane leaves in one hour."
A few hours later, an amphibious aircraft landed on the sea near the Isle of Palms. All passengers were invited to transfer to the boat, and the boat took them to the port. "Hooray! It's good that you came to us so quickly,” Dr. Aibolit joyfully greeted his friend. “I have been sailing here on a ship for a whole month. How did you manage that?". The mechanic of Vintov helped me choose the right plane and route here. I'll tell you more later." And friends went to treat the animals, which had long been waiting for their help.
Children about airplanes: why do we need airplanes
Airplanes were invented by people to ensure the rapid transportation of people and goods. Not a single land and water transport can now move as fast as an airplane.
After getting acquainted with the fairy tale, your child already knows many of the functions that airplanes perform in helping people. Please add this information.
Why do we need aircraft according to their functions:
- Military aircraft needed to defend the homeland from enemies. It can be fighters, bombers, reconnaissance aircraft, attack aircraft, airborne, tankers.
- Cargo aircraft transport cargo.
- Passenger aircraft transport people and their luggage.
- Sports aircraft participate in competitions.
- training aircraft used for flight training of pilots and navigators.
- Agricultural planes cultivate crop fields and protect them from pests.
- weather aircraft- investigate clouds, typhoons, influence the weather (cause rains or stop them, dispersing clouds).
- Ambulance and rescue aircraft- transport the sick and wounded, provide assistance to injured people.
- fire planes- put out forest fires.
- Experimental Aircraft and Aircraft - Flying Laboratories- serve to test new designs and engines.
Logarithmics: airplane
During the educational imaginary journey to the airfield to introduce the child to different types of aircraft, you will want to relax with the children. Do yoga exercises for kids to relax!
Logorhythm "Airplane": the first option
Hands to the sides - in flight
We send a plane.
(straight arms to the side, running in a circle)Right wing forward
(we put forward the right straightened arm a little forward)
Our plane took off.Left wing forward
(we put forward the left straightened arm a little forward)
Turned our plane around.We flew high
(raise hands up)
We were flying low.
(we lower our hands a little)
We flew far
They flew close.
The second version of the logarithmic exercise "Airplane"
Come on, pilots, pilots,
Ready to fly
(children stand straight, hands down, proud posture, shoulders straightened).They approached the plane
And climbed up the ladder
(we march or depict the entrance along the ladder).The flight starts
Our plane crashed.
(Children squat down on one knee with their arms spread out to the sides like airplane wings and hum: uuuuu)It rose up and flew.
(Children stand on their feet, straightened arms to the sides)
The pilot looked to the right
(Turn your head to the right)
The pilot looked to the left
(Turn your head to the left).Flew fast ahead
Fast flying aircraft.
(Hands to the sides, fast running on toes in a circle)
The third version of the logarithmics "Airplane"
Airplane flies
I took off with him.
(point to the sky)The right wing took
(Extend the right hand to the side, look at the fingers)
The left wing took
(Stretch your left hand to the side, look at your fingers)I start the engine
(Children make rotational movements with their hands in front of them)
And I'm watching closely.I rise to the heights - I fly-u-u-u
(You need to rise on your toes, spread your arms to the sides and run in a circle)I'm flying for landing
I want to land.
(Children land on one knee, lower their hands)
Didactic game "Airplanes"
Didactic game "Airplanes". Option 1. For older preschool children. Arrange four airfields: for passenger planes, for cargo planes, for military planes and for sports training and training planes.
Ask the children to guess why the plane shown in the picture is needed.
The child needs to sort the pictures of the planes into groups according to the purpose of the plane, sending each plane to a suitable airfield and explaining why he thinks it is a cargo plane or that it is a passenger plane.
Pictures for this game can be found in the article
Didactic game "Airplanes". Option 2. Game for kids. The goal of the game is auditory development. Invite the child to guess whether the plane is flying high or low. If you hum in a high voice, then the plane flies high, if low - then low.
Didactic game "Airplanes". Option 3. A game for children of primary preschool age.
Lay out 4 - 8 rectangles of different sizes in front of the child (for the smallest, take four figures, for older children - six or eight figures) - these are airfields (airfields). They should be laid out in front of the baby as a serial row - that is, from the smallest to the largest.
Mix up the silhouettes of airplanes of different sizes. The number of airplanes must match the number of rectangles.
The task of the child is to put the airplanes in a serial row in size (from the smallest to the largest) and to choose for each plane the “airfield” suitable for it. Those. arrange the aircraft on "airfields" in accordance with their size.
Didactic game "Airplanes". Option 4. For the smallest.
Children from 2-3 years old can be given pictures of airplanes cut into pieces. Use for this pictures from the first version of the game "Airplanes". For the smallest, we divide the picture into 2 equal parts, then into 3-4 parts. For older children, you can divide the picture with broken lines into more parts.
Didactic game "The plane is flying." For older preschool children
The game develops the ability to navigate on a sheet of paper, tracing the function of the gaze, develops the ability to reduce and separate the visual axes of the child's eyes.
First option.
You will need runway with arrows. Draw a "runway" for the plane - a vertical rectangle. Divide it with a vertical bar into two parts. Draw an up arrow on the right side of the runway, and a down arrow on the left side.
Game progress. Invite your child to follow the movement of the plane with their eyes, focusing on the arrows on the runway. Our plane is moving forward along the runway (sliding eyes on the right side of the rectangle up to the end of the runway). The plane turns left, makes a U-turn and turns back. And it follows the left side of the strip in the direction of the arrow (from top to bottom). Turn around again and move forward. And now we will try to make these movements with our eyes faster.
Second option
You will need square 4 x 4 cells. Draw such a square on a piece of paper. Cells must be very large. In the future, you can increase the number of cells in the square in order to give more complex tasks to the child.
Make two identical squares - you will give one to the child, and the other will be in your hands.
Put a dot in one of the cells. It contains an airplane.
Game progress. You dictate the route of the plane, simultaneously moving the chip along the cells of your field, and the child follows it with his eyes. You need to stay on track. At first, the route is 3-4 turns. For example: “One cell up. Two cells to the right. One cell down. Three cells to the left. Can you tell me where the plane is?" The place on your “map” of the flight is compared with what the child did.
If it is difficult for a child to follow his gaze or he is still not very easy to orient himself in space, then at first you can make movements with a chip. And only then do them mentally and track them with your eyes.
Physical education "Airplane"
Physical education can be done at any time when you see that the child needs rest. Choose from this selection about airplanes the physical education session that you and your kids will like best!
Physical education about the plane "We fly above the clouds"
We are flying above the clouds.
(Hands to the side)
We wave to dad, we wave to mom.
(We take turns waving both hands)We see the river flowing
(Show hands wave-like movement)
We see a fisherman's boat.
(We show with our hands how the fisherman casts a fishing rod)Watch out: the mountain!
(Tilt left - right)
It's time for us to land!(Sit down on one knee, hands to the sides)
Fizkultminutka "Planes buzzed"
Children on the first line make rotational movements with their hands in front of the chest. On the second line, the children straighten their arms to the sides like the wings of an airplane and “fly” (running in a circle). On the third line - squat. On the fourth fly again.
The planes buzzed
The planes flew
They sat quietly in the meadow,
Yes, they flew again.
Physical education "Our plane flew"
Fly, fly
We twirled our hands.
(Children rotate their hands in front of their chest)Hands to the sides - in flight
Sending a plane
(Children spread straight arms to the sides)Right wing forward
(Turn the body to the right with the institution of the right hand forward)
Left wing forward.
(Turn the body to the left with the institution of the left hand forward).
One, two, three, four - Our plane flew.(Running in a circle with straight arms spread apart)
Physical education "A plane has appeared"
We put our hands apart:
An airplane appeared.
(Hands to the side.)Wing back and forth
(Tilts left and right.)
Do one, do two.
(Turns left and right.)
One and two, one and two!
One and two, one and two!Keep your hands to the sides
Look at each other.
(Hands to the sides, turns left and right.)
One and two, one and two!
One and two, one and two!We put our hands down
Sit down quickly! (Children put their hands down and sit in their seats)
Look, there's a plane in the sky
And the pilot is on the plane.
The steering wheel deftly controls
And flies between the clouds.Under the plane is a mountain
Either a dense forest, or a hole,
That people marvel at the sky,
That hares lead a round dance (Author - Alexander Estafeev)
What movements are made to this song you will see in the video below. At first the song is sung at a slow pace, then faster and faster.
Physical education for the smallest "Spread its wings plane"
Zhu-zhu-zhu, zhu-zhu-zhu,
I'm starting the motor.
(Rotational movements of the hands in front of the chest).
Spread the wings of the plane
We're taking flight
uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu
We are flying to Moscow! (Hands to the sides, running on toes) Arrived.
Physical education "We are planes today"
We are planes today
(Children sit and make rotational movements with their hands - “start the engine”)
We are not children, we are pilots.
(clapping hands).
Hands are nose and hands are wings
(touch your nose with your finger, and then straighten your arms to the side like wings)
The squadron took off. (running, arms to the sides).
For children about airplanes: the mobile game "Airplanes"
Game 1. The game "Airplanes" to consolidate the correct pronunciation of the sound r.
Children make rotational movements with their hands in front of their chest - “start the engines” and say rrrrr. Then they run in a circle, holding straightened arms to the sides like the wings of an airplane. In the words "Airplanes, landing!" children should quickly "fly" to the airfield and sit on one knee, holding their arms to the sides like wings.
Game 2. Mobile game "Airplanes". In this game, children will get acquainted with the commands that the dispatcher gives to the pilot.
In the game of planes, children will also learn how to act in singhala, as well as run around the playground in different directions without bumping into each other.
Show the children all the play activities.
An adult acts as a dispatcher, gives a signal: “Start the engine!”, And the children make rotational movements with their hands in front of their chest. Then the adult in the role of the dispatcher says: “Taxi out for takeoff, take off. Let's fly! ”, And the children spread their straight arms to the sides and fly around the playground.
At the end of the game, a signal is given: “To land! Taxi to the parking lot”, and the children run to the “airfield” (the place where the airfield is located is discussed before the start of the game).
There may be other dispatcher commands: “Fog! Turn around. Fly to the alternate airfield”, “Fly around the storm”, “You are approaching dangerously. Give way to the plane .... (name) "
Note: In this mobile game, the child learns what can happen in flight and how the pilot should react to these events. Children will be able to use this information in their plot-role-playing and directing games with airplanes.
Finger gymnastics "Airplane"
Finger gymnastics "I will build an airplane"
For finger gymnastics, we will use V. Shishov's poem "I will build an airplane."
I will build an airplane
I'll put on my helmet and fly.
Through the wavy mists
I'll fly to other countries
Over seas and forests
Over mountains and fields
I will cover the whole globe of the earth,
And then I'll be back home.
V. Shishkov
Hand movements in finger gymnastics "Airplane": option 1.
- first line. Children bang their fists against each other.
- second line. Children pretend to put a helmet on their head.
- third and fourth lines. Wave-like movements with both hands.
- fifth line. The right palm at the eyebrows as if looking into the distance.
- sixth line. Left palm at the eyebrows - look into the distance.
- seventh line - draw a circle in the air with your right hand
- the eighth line - we make a figure above the head - the "roof" - with both hands.
Another version of finger gymnastics "Airplane"
- first line. We spread our straight arms to the sides like the wings of an airplane.
- second line. With both hands we show a helmet above the head.
- third and fourth lines. The child puts his palms on the table with the back side up and moves all the fingers on both hands, slightly lifting them from the surface of the table.
- fifth and sixth line - we make "splashing" movements with all the fingers of both hands at the same time.
- seventh line - grab an imaginary ball with both hands
- eighth line - we cross our arms (the left hand looks to the right, and the right - to the left and move the fingers of both hands like the wings of a bird)
Finger gymnastics "Let's build an airplane ourselves"
You will need a regular pencil. Put the pencil in the middle of the middle finger of your right hand (the brush is palm down). Pass another pencil under the index and ring fingers (this is done by an adult). It turns out the plane of two pencils. The child depicts how his plane flies to the verses of A. Barto:
Let's build the plane ourselves
Let's fly over the forests.
Let's fly over the forests
And then back to mom.
Then repeat this movement with the other hand.
Finger gymnastics "The plane flies high-high"
The right hand of the child depicts an airplane: you need to spread and straighten the thumb and ring finger. These are the wings of an airplane. And keep the other three fingers (index, middle and ring fingers) next to each other, without spreading them apart (this is the body of the aircraft).
The plane flies high, high,
It's hard for him to land!
(Children move their hand - the plane in different directions, making sure that the wings of the plane "look" to the side, and that the body of the plane is one and not divided into separate parts).The pilot makes a circle around the circle.
His plane is a comrade and friend!
(Children make movements in a circle with their hand - by plane).The plane landed on the runway
Ran forward - and the flight is over.
(Children lower their hand - the plane is on the table, move it around the table and stop the hand).The doors opened, under the ladder the earth,
And passengers are met by friends.
(Spread palms)
Presentation for children about airplanes
You can also download the same presentation on the educational fairy tale about airplanes in our Vkontakte group “Child Development from Birth to School” (see the “Documents” group section on the right under the community videos).
Video for kids about airplanes
In this video, children will learn about unusual aircraft - seaplanes, amphibious aircraft. The video will be interesting for school-age children and adults. This is a video of my favorite TV channel "My Joy".
And one more video of the same TV channel for children - a video about giant aircraft and what aeromodelling is.
More about airplanes for kids:
34 riddles for children of preschool and primary school age. Types of riddles How to write a riddle about an airplane with a child.
We prepared this article specifically for the boys of the site "Native Path" as a gift for the holiday of February 23, together with my husband.
An informative fairy tale for children about aircraft and their types and a presentation were created for children by my husband Andrey, an aircraft designer by profession. And I, the author of this site, have developed games and tasks for children on the topic “For Children about Airplanes”. We have included in the article materials only that information about aircraft that a child can use in their travel games, in designing, drawing, sculpting, and appliqué, depicting different types of aircraft in them.
We tried to take into account the main requirement for a cognitive fairy tale for a child - that he himself actively participate in it, ask questions, compare, analyze, discuss, draw conclusions, prove, and not just memorize. And I really hope that we succeeded! We will be grateful for your comments on this article.
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- PDO SOKOLOV V. D.
- Since the invention of the bow and arrow, nothing has changed
- military action like a flying machine. Possibility
- take to the air, follow the movements of the enemy
- from above, even attacking him - it was all too tempting
- for any military commander so that he can resist
- this. During the Second World War, the entire
- combat power of the air force. Military strategists understood
- advantages of air combat, and the creation of faster
- and modern aircraft became their goal.
- Industrialists showed great interest in aviation, starting
- design and construction of new technology. A prime example
- considered the creation of the Boeing aircraft factory. For the first time he is on his
- furniture factories began to build aircraft and became a leader in aviation
- industry. His company transported mail, cargo. In the era
- rapid economic growth, there was a need for rapid transition -
- carts of people. And in this regard, Boeing launched a new line of civil
- aviation. The first planes accommodated 6 people, had little space, they
- it was shaking violently and sometimes the roar of the engines deafened the people sitting in them.
- Boeing understood a lot in this matter and saw the prospect in the appearance
- combat aircraft.
- Aviation was widely used in the air battles of the First World War. They were used as bombers, fighters, reconnaissance aircraft and for the removal of the wounded from the battlefield. This was the impetus for the development of new types of aircraft and the birth of the aviation industry.
- In World War II, things were different. Aircraft have become faster, more maneuverable, the flight ceiling and payload have increased.
- Heavy industry development
- allowed the widespread use of non-ferrous metals in the manufacture of aircraft and
- engines.
- German scientists, trying to build the best weapons in the world, began work on new concepts. Already in 1944. the first jet planes appeared. They brilliantly proved themselves in battle. But they could not turn the tide in the war and Germany lost the war.
- After the victory over fascism, strategic positions in this milestone
- Aircraft manufacturing was divided between the USA and the USSR. The age of armaments has come
- Cold War. Jet planes have become faster, more economical.
- People were shocked by the comfort and beauty of the updated aviation.
- But not only civilians used jet engines. Military
- a multipurpose jet aircraft was required. MIG-19 - the first Soviet fighter with a speed of 1450 km / h.
- Leading airlines in the world
- saw a new perspective
- engine. US and UK closely
- competed with each other.
- Britain lured clients
- service and comfort. USA -
- capacity and speed.
- Our aircraft industry is strong
- lagged behind, and the government put
- task to urgently create reactive
- planes for citizens of the USSR.
- Tupolev Design Bureau created a competitive
- capable aircraft: TU-104 and
- TU-124.
- Design Bureau Yakovlev: Yak-42
- Design Bureau Ilyushin: IL-14 IL-18
- IL-62.
- Antonov Design Bureau: AN-2 AN-72 AN-74
- AN-24 AN-8 AN-10 and others.
- Boeing aircraft so far
- show how big
- maybe an airplane. It holds
- 450 people. It has 3 classes
- comfort and large, roomy
- seating is pretty decent
- airplane.
- Con Cord is another matter - it's a legend.
- Chic and exorbitant speeds
- allowed to fly faster than time.
- This aircraft is the best solution for
- businessmen and people who
- value their time.
- This is a radar patrol and guidance aircraft, USA. Speed: 900km/h. Range: 1600 km. Ceiling: 12km.
- BOEING E-3D SENTRY
- Well, this is what the cockpit looks like
- Aircraft are used to extinguish fires, in rescue operations, in the transportation of goods and weapons.
- Experimental reconnaissance aircraft Kh-15. USA.
- Speed 7000km\h - world record
- among the planes. Altitude 107 km.
- Rockets and astronauts fly higher.
- SU-33 vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. Created for naval aviation, placed on aircraft carriers. Carries a 30mm caliber gun. 4-6 missiles. speed 1200 km / h
- USA 1962 Scout. Speed 4000 km / h. The first plane is invisible to the radar.
- MiG-23 - a thunderstorm of the 70-80s. of the last century. Created in 1967. Speed 2500km/h.
- Range: 1950km.
- Armament: 23mm cannon, 4 air-to-air missiles
- MIG-31 fighter-interceptor
- Created in 1979 Maximum
- Speed: 3000km/h Range:
- 3300 km. Armament: caliber machine gun
- sconce 23mm., 8 missiles.
- MIG-29 fighter.Created in
- 1982 Speed: 2400km/h radius
- Actions 2100km. Armament:
- Gun caliber 30mm., combat
- TU-160 Strategic bomber of the USSR, 1976 Maximum speed: 2000km\h. Range: 12300km. Nuclear weapon carrier. With variable sweep wing.
- F-16 is the legendary US fighter. Speed 2120km/h range
- 927km. Armament: 20mm cannon, 2-6 rockets or bombs. Created in 1972 F - 16 small, fast aircraft effective in combat. He took part in the war with Iraq.
- This aircraft is still in use and is constantly being upgraded.
- Lockheed F-117 STELS. USA
- Fighter-bomber.
- Range: 740km.
- Weapons: bombs or
- rockets weighing 2000kg.
- Maximum speed: 1100km.
- STELS is a new technology in which radars do not determine the location of the aircraft.
- It uses a special coating, and they are covered with radio transparent paint.
- The USA does not stand still and the latest
- STEALTH planes come off the assembly line.
- They have become faster and more agile.
- RAPTER aircraft are placed almost
- on all US aircraft carriers and bases. On them
- cannons and rockets, bombs are installed
- laser guidance. The main thing is that
- ammunition is located in the fuselage itself
- and not under it, as it was before.
- The computer does 350 million operations in
- give me a sec. Speed 2500km/h. changeable
- thrust vector.
- The aircraft that participated in the Yugoslav war. Popular name - flying
- wing. The real name of the aircraft is NORTROP B-2. Created in 1988
- Speed 1000km/h. Ceiling 18.5 km. Range: 11500km. Armament: 18200kg
- bombs. B-2 costs a lot of money - $ 2 billion.
- Our response to all US developments,
- swept-back aircraft
- wing and electronic layout
- fifth generation equipment.
- As a result, the best performance in
- maneuverability and combat performance.
- It uses STEALTH technology.
- This is one of the latest developments in the USA. With STEALTH technology. High rates of speed, controllability, flight altitude and weapons. The missiles are placed in the body of the aircraft.
- The beauty of this aircraft struck many countries. Design Bureau Sukhoi designed
- perfect plane. It has the latest electronics and a deflectable thrust vector, which allows you to perform hitherto unseen maneuvers.
- This aircraft is so good that sometimes there are no pilots capable of
- pilot this plane and handle g-forces.
- The world's first fighter aircraft with pilots seated next to each other. This aircraft has perfect aerodynamics and high speed. It is this aircraft that represents Russia at all air shows.
- A lot has been done in civil aviation too. AIROBUS Corporation – joint
- the company of England and France created the world's largest aircraft. Its dimensions
- amaze. It accommodates over 600 people. It also has a bar and sleeping cabins.
- For the sake of this aircraft, airports are lengthening the runways.
- In our time, sophisticated computer flight control systems have been developed that make it possible to perform combat missions of any complexity without the use of a pilot.
- Now people can not do without planes.
- Aircraft are needed not only for war, they
- used to transport people, goods,
- used to extinguish fires and rescue
- of people. This technique was the most important discovery
- in the 20th century. Over 104 years of aircraft development
- has reached enormous proportions. They fly higher
- faster, further and that's good.
- the end
What is an airplane? THE PRESENTATION IS MADE BY A 1st year student of the computer group 83 Pogudin Denis An airplane is a heavier-than-air aircraft for flights in the atmosphere with the help of a power plant and a wing. Airplanes weigh much more than the air they displace. What keeps them in the sky? It turns out that they are helped by lifting force. But it only works if the plane is moving through the air at high speed. During movement, air flows over and under the wing of the aircraft. Due to the special shape of the wing profile, the air bends around it in such a way that passing over the wing of the aircraft the air pressure decreases, and under the wing it increases. Thus, the air flow from below "raises" the wing, and from above, as it were, "pushes" the wing up. This phenomenon is called uplift. The plane moves forward with the help of engines, air propellers, as it were, “drill” the air. Diagram of forces acting on an aircraft Lift force Drag force Gravity force The thrust force of the power plant The aircraft flies forward due to the thrust force. It overcomes the drag force of the aircraft, and the lift force overcomes the earth's gravity. As long as the lifting force is equal to the force of gravity, the aircraft maintains balance and carries out horizontal flight. If you increase the flight speed, the plane will begin to rise up, as the lift force increases. That is why at this time the pilot should lower the nose of the aircraft. If, on the contrary, the flight speed decreases, the pilot raises the nose of the aircraft. Aerodynamic force Deceleration force Gravity force Thrust force Aircraft differ By purpose By type of power plant By flight speed By basing conditions By runway length By stage of development reached By purpose Civil Military Turboprop Piston By engine type Rocket Turbojet By flight speed Subsonic All-mode Hypersonic Seaplanes Land ship-based According to the conditions of basing Amphibious aircraft By the length of the runway Vertical traditional take-off and landing Shortened By the stage of development reached Serial Experimental Experimental Military Passenger Cargo Types of aircraft Seaplanes If dad's business is far away, If it's not easy to get to them, This beautiful big plane will take him quickly across the sky ! Just a seaplane - He sits right in the water! Like a ship it sails... And it leaves the water in flight! Cargo planes do a lot of work! Different cargoes are brought… Even sweet watermelons! There is a modern military aviation in Russia! She flies high, guards our sky!
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Aircraft (airplane) - an aircraft designed to fly in the atmosphere with the help of a power plant that creates thrust and is stationary relative to other parts of the wing apparatus that creates lift. A fixed wing distinguishes an airplane from an ornithopter (macholet) and a helicopter, and the presence of an engine distinguishes it from a glider. An airplane differs from an airship and a balloon in that it uses an aerodynamic rather than an aerostatic method of creating lift. The above definition is "classical". In relation to modern and promising developments in aviation technology (integrated and hypersonic aerodynamic layouts, the use of a variable thrust vector, etc.), an expanded definition of the concept of "aircraft" is proposed: Aircraft - an aircraft for flights in the atmosphere (and outer space. Orbital aircraft, using the aerodynamic lift of the glider to keep itself in the air (when flying within the atmosphere) and the thrust of the power (propulsion) plant for maneuvering and compensating for the loss of total mechanical energy due to drag.
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Wing - during the translational movement of the aircraft, the lift force necessary for flight is created due to the pressure difference on the lower and upper surfaces of the wing arising in the oncoming air flow: the pressure on the lower surface of the aircraft wing is greater than the pressure on its upper surface. On the wing there are aerodynamic controls (ailerons, elevons, etc.), as well as wing mechanization - that is, devices that control the lift and drag of the aircraft. Fuselage - designed to accommodate the crew, passengers, cargo and equipment, as well as for attaching the wing, plumage, landing gear, engines, etc. (it is, as it were, the "body" of the aircraft). Aircraft without a fuselage are known (for example, a “flying wing”). Plumage - aerodynamic surfaces designed to provide stability, controllability and balance of the aircraft. To control the aircraft, deflectable surfaces are placed on the empennage - aerodynamic rudders (elevator, rudder), or the empennage surfaces are made all-moving. Chassis - a system of supports necessary for the takeoff run of an aircraft, landing run, as well as its movement and parking on the ground. The most widespread is the wheeled chassis. Chassis designs with skis, floats, skids are also known. In the USSR, experiments were carried out with a tracked chassis and an air cushion chassis. Many modern aircraft, in particular most military aircraft, as well as passenger aircraft, have retractable landing gear. The power plant of an aircraft, generally speaking consisting of an engine and a propeller (for example, a propeller), creates the necessary thrust, which, balancing the aerodynamic drag, provides the aircraft with forward motion. On-board equipment systems - various equipment that allows you to fly under any conditions. Approximately the last 30-40 years, on-board electronics has been the most intelligent, complex and expensive equipment, surpassing the cost of the rest of the design.
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The NASA X-43A hypersonic aircraft is the fastest aircraft in the world. The X-43A recently set a new speed record of 11,230 km/h, exceeding the speed of sound by 9.6 times. For comparison: jet fighters fly at or above twice the speed of sound.
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The history of aviation studies the development of powered flight from the early attempts at kite flying and gliding to heavier-than-air powered vehicles, as well as its later development.
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Mankind's dream of flight may have first been realized in China, where the flight of a man tied (as punishment) to kites was described in the 6th century CE. e. Later, the first controlled flight on a hang glider was made in Al-Andalus in the 9th century AD. e. Leonardo da Vinci (XV century) expressed his dream of flight in several projects, but he did not try to realize them. The first serious attempts at human flight were made in Europe at the end of the 18th century. Tethered balloons filled with hot air were improved in the first half of the 19th century and were used on a significant scale in a number of mid-century wars; their use was most notorious during the American Civil War, when balloons were used for surveillance during the Battle of Pittersburg. The dream of flying is found in the myths of different peoples of the world (for example, about Daedalus and Icarus in Greek mythology, or about Pushpaka Vimana in the Ramayana). The first attempts at flight are also often associated with the idea of imitating birds, as in the myth of Daedalus, his wings are made of feathers and wax. Attempts to build wings and jump from high towers continued even into the seventeenth century, and "aviators" were injured or crashed.
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Aviation - (from the Latin avis - bird) - the theory and practice of flying on devices heavier than air (airplanes, helicopters, gliders) in near-Earth airspace. The first aircraft was built in Russia by A.F. Mozhaisky in 1883. In practice, aviation began to develop in the early 20th century. The first successful flight of an aircraft by American mechanics brothers W. and O. Wright with an internal combustion engine was made on December 17, 1903. Following this, in Europe, mainly in France, A. Santos-Dumont, F. Ferber and others are building aircraft. In Russia in 1909-1914, the planes of Ya.M. Gakkel, D.P. Grigorovich, I.I. Sikorsky and others appeared. From the mid-20s, duralumin began to be used in aircraft construction (the first Soviet all-metal aircraft were built by A.N. Tupolev in 1924-1925); by the mid-30s there was a final transition from a biplane to a monoplane. In the late 30s, a jet engine appeared. In the USSR, the first flight on an aircraft with a liquid-propellant engine was made in 1942. From the beginning of the 50s, jet aircraft began to be used in civil aviation (in the USSR TU-104, 1955), helicopter construction was widely developed, and supersonic aircraft appeared in the Air Force.
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In the design of the first aircraft, a monoplane scheme was used, which is most common in modern aircraft construction. The length of the boat, in accordance with the units of measurement accepted at that time, was 20.5 arshins, the length of each wing was 15 arshins, and the width of the wing was 20 arshins. On July 6, 1882, the built aircraft was inspected by a special commission of the Headquarters of the Guards and the St. Petersburg Military District. In the protocol of the commission dated February 22, 1883, it was written that the mass of the aircraft should be 57 pounds. The tests were carried out near St. Petersburg, on a military field in Krasnoye Selo, and continued until 1885, but at the final stage, for military reasons, they were classified. Very few documents survive from this period.
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According to the drawings submitted for the competition, several machines were built, for example, the Porokhovshchikov aircraft. But, despite some of its advantages over foreign ones, aircraft of foreign brands were built under licenses at Russian aircraft factories. This greatly hindered the development of aircraft construction in Russia, especially design. Somewhat later, other aircraft were submitted to the competition, of which the biplane RBVZ (Russian - Baltic Carriage Works) won the first prize.
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Passenger Airbus A-340 Airbus A-340 is a wide-body aircraft. Produced by France in two versions: A-340-200 and A-340-300. The demand for this model is growing, as it is cheaper than Boeings, but is in no way inferior to them in terms of its technical characteristics. TYPES OF AIRCRAFT.
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Fighter - a military aircraft designed primarily for the destruction of air targets. It is used to gain air superiority over the enemy, as well as to escort bombers, transport aircraft, civil aviation aircraft, and to protect ground facilities from enemy aircraft. Less commonly, fighters are used to attack land and sea targets. Despite the aggressive name, the fighter belongs to the defensive types of weapons; fighter aviation does not have a separate offensive value. However, at present, with an increase in the thrust-to-weight ratio of these machines (and, accordingly, a greater carrying capacity, that is, a rocket and bomb load), they have gained the ability to effectively attack ground targets, and, in the conditions of modern local conflicts, fighters have gradually become more versatile weapons, that is, they turned from pure fighters into fighter-bombers. According to some assumptions, in the future, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) will be able to take on the role of fighters, the development of which is being actively carried out, and they themselves are already successfully used to destroy point targets on the ground. This will reduce the loss of flight personnel, simplify, lighten and reduce the cost of aircraft, as well as get rid of the restrictions on overloads imposed by the limits of the human body.
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An-2 (according to NATO codification: Colt - "Foal", colloquial - "Corn", "Annushka") - Soviet light multi-purpose aircraft. It is a piston single-engine biplane with a braced wing. Equipped with ASh-62IR engine designed by A. D. Shvetsov. An-2 is used as an agricultural, sports, transport, passenger aircraft and is in service with the air forces of many countries. For 2012, 2271 An-2s are in operation in the world; Russia has 1,580 An-2 aircraft, of which 322 are serviceable. Many planes have been flying for more than 40 years, and some of them have a flight time of 20,000 hours. An-2 was produced in the USSR, Poland and continues to be produced in China. In total, more than 18 thousand An-2s were built. Exported to 26 countries of the world. Before the appearance of the An-3 aircraft, it was the world's largest single-engine biplane. Listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the only aircraft in the world that has been in production for over 60 years.
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Irina Zagrebina
Presentation "Types of aircraft" (second junior group)
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution
kindergarten №5 "Sun"
Presentation
« Aircraft types»
Prepared
educator
Zagrebina I.V.
Navashino
Target: familiarization with elementary information about the emergence and development of aviation.
Enter into active dictionary the words: passenger airplane, pilot, stewardess, aviator, military airplane, cargo airplane, runway.
PRELIMINARY WORK: Reading poetry about airplane, about the pilot, viewing illustrations, playing with airplanes, drawing, application, observation.
What kind of bird:
Doesn't sing songs
Does not build a nest
Are people and cargo being carried?
(Airplane)
Passenger airplane
Passenger airplane
He will take us all on a flight
We will fly far
Like birds high
Who will lead our airplane?
This is an experienced pilot.
I am always in flight
In snow white airplane.
I am air princess
And my name is stewardess
MILITARY AIRPLANE
Military airplane
Helps us all
He will consider all enemies
And here and there
CARGO AIRPLANE
Cargo airplane
He will take with him on a flight
Train, tank and truck
Or maybe a rocket!
So what are aircraft?
Passenger
Freight
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