The first trimester of your child's third year is one of the most important periods. The kid becomes more independent, more active, he learns the world with enthusiasm. And the goal of the parents is to make sure that this acquaintance happens really right. Let's figure it out right now, what should be the development of a child at 2 years and 3 months within the framework of the norm.
What should a child be able to do at two years and three months?
So, your child is two years and three months old, what should a baby be able to do at this age and how exactly does it differ from children under 2 years old? At this stage, the child already demonstrates dexterity, mobility, confidence and meaningfulness of actions. He stands firmly on his feet, walks and runs well, even if the surface seems uneven. The child can interact with small or thin objects, controls the index fingers on both hands well.
From the point of view of intellectual development, at the age of 2 years and 3 months, the baby already uses objects for their intended purpose. He needs less company and is happy to spend 30-60 minutes alone with himself, busy with games or other entertainments. At the same time, the company of other children is also interesting for your grown up baby. The child is friendly, open to communication, but wary of strangers. At this age, children already know and distinguish at least five colors.
During this period, the skills of free construction of sentences, quick study of poetry are manifested. Phrases spoken by your child contain more than 3 syllables. Sentences are complemented by conjunctions and prepositions. The kid communicates with both parents and strangers - children, educators, neighbors, etc.
What to do with a child at two years and three months
Your joint activities with your child at two years and three months should be mostly active. He needs to throw out energy, and therefore tagging, hide and seek, ball games are the best pastime. Your 27-month-old is interested in being able to throw or kick a ball with both hands. In some cases, the child will even be able to catch an object thrown effortlessly and at close range. Together with your child, you can build simple shapes from cubes, assemble a pyramid, play "kitchen".
Games with a child at two years and three months
Games with a child at two years and three months are aimed at the speedy development of his intellectual and physical skills. A good option for spending time together is drawing, modeling, finger and role-playing games. Toys are optional. The kid is more interested in real objects. At the same time, your child loves to imitate, imitate, imagine - this is his way to understand the world around
Nutrition for a child at two years and three months
The vast majority of parents are racking their brains over how to compose the optimal menu for a child at two years and three months, if he does not eat well. In fact, poor appetite is common but not problematic. But this does not mean that the reluctance to consume the products necessary for the development of the child must be accepted.
At this time, the process of your baby's teething is almost complete, which means that the baby's diet at two years and three months can and should include a variety of foods. And we are not talking about a "common" table, but only about a balanced and versatile combination of products.
Required to use:
- Meat (90 grams per day). Use small pieces when cooking. Process meat, it can be boiled, stewed or steamed. Avoid fatty varieties, with the rare exception of lamb. Try to periodically give the liver and occasionally introduce boiled sausages or sausage into the diet.
- Fish (210 grams per week). Use low-bone varieties, feed your child boiled, baked or stewed fish with vegetables.
- Dairy products (400 ml of milk, 200 ml of kefir, 10-12 g of butter per day).
- Chicken eggs (no more than 1 piece 1-2 times a week).
- Fruits, vegetables and berries.
- Cereals.
- Bread (up to 100 g per day).
A child of two years and three months does not sleep well at night
The only correct answer to the question of how much a child sleeps at two years and three months does not exist. The nature of your children and their need for sleep are completely individual. The standard for normal sleep at this age is approximately 14 hours. These figures can drop up to 10 hours.
If sleep problems are reflected in your anxiety and unwillingness to fall asleep at night, then try to minimize his activity in the evening. Play quiet games, paint, and herbal baths. Evening walks soothe the child well.
In the third year of life, the child is still growing rapidly, gaining both weight and height. However, intense physical development occurs against the background of the immaturity of the circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems of the body, and this makes it very vulnerable.
The child's social circle is expanding. The child becomes unusually mobile and actively explores the world around him. These factors increase the likelihood of injury, infection, and poisoning. To preserve his health, follow the doctor's recommendations regarding routine vaccinations - they will insure the child against the serious consequences of dangerous diseases.
The hardening of the child also plays an important role. More often give him the opportunity to walk barefoot on the grass or sand in summer, take water and air baths with him. Spend as much time as possible outdoors. Immunity strengthened in summer will resist unwanted bacteria all year round.
Subject activity
The most significant from the point of view of the child's mental development during this period is object-related activity, which occurs at the age of about a year.
Subject activity - joint work, in the course of which an adult transmits, and a child learns ways of acting with objects. It can be both household items (spoon, glass, toothbrush, comb, pencil, key) and toys (pyramids, sorters, cubes).
In the course of such cooperation, the baby receives both the attention of the parent and close emotional contact, and, most importantly, learns the correct ways of interacting with objects. The child learns that they brush their teeth with a toothbrush, they open the lock with a key, they can assemble a house from the cubes, and lay out the image of a butterfly from the mosaic.
All these actions in a child do not arise spontaneously, they are the result of learning in the course of joint practical activity with an adult. How exactly does this learning take place?
It is impossible to force a two-year-old to do anything.
There is no volitional regulation of behavior at this age, the baby simply cannot consciously obey the requirements of an adult. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure that the desired action becomes attractive to the child, and he himself wants to master it.
Given the natural tendency in children to copy the behavior of adults, it is not difficult to figure out the most correct way to learn at this age - through imitation. The adult shows the child a pattern of action and suggests repeating. For example, the mother herself assembles the insert frame in front of the child, and then invites the child to insert several fragments.
Naturally, the speed and methods of mastering object-related actions are different for all children. Someone instantly grasps the pattern and actively uses the new action in life. Others need multiple trials with adults - "hand in hand", their approval and support. Still others observe with interest, but for the time being they themselves do nothing. Nevertheless, a huge number of objective actions in early childhood are mastered precisely through imitation.
Ideally, any practical demonstration of a skill is accompanied by an explanation of an adult.: "Look, I dip the brush in a glass of water, then - in paint." By the age of two, the child understands such instructions quite accurately and is able to follow them in the future without a visual model. "No, no, first into the water, then into the paint" - this phrase will be enough to correct the baby's wrong actions.
The thinking of a two-year-old child is extremely visual and effective: to think means to act here and now, with specific objects... This is how the child discovers the physical properties of objects, for the first time comprehends patterns and cause-and-effect relationships. So the importance of joint practical activity at this age can hardly be overestimated.
How does it play
There is still no full-fledged play - with a role and an imaginary situation - at this age. At its core, the game is procedural - the kid does not come up with anything new, he reproduces with toys what he did together with an adult. Nevertheless, it was during this period that the beginnings of a "real" plot-role-playing game were formed, the flowering of which falls on preschool age(from 3 to 6 years old).
First, play motivation increases. If earlier the child could easily get distracted from the game and switch to another activity, now he does not give up the started action and is really interested in the process.
Secondly, actions with toys are becoming more detailed and varied. The game runs longer in time and richer in content.
Third, the first game replacements appear. From now on, the child uses in the game not only realistic toys - copies of real objects (for example, sets of plastic vegetables and fruits, a small iron or an airplane). He puts neutral toys (cubes or balls) into play, giving them different meanings(the ball becomes a tomato, the cubes become a typewriter). Initially, the adult introduces substitutions, and the child only imitates him. But by about 2.5 years old, the child grasps the essence of substitutions and begins to actively use them in the game.
How speech develops
By the beginning of the third year of life, the child's vocabulary reaches 200-300 words. During this period, there is an intensive assimilation of the grammatical structure of the language. Methods of linking words into phrases and sentences are formed, official words are acquired - conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs.
The timing and speed of mastering speech are very individual. Up to two years old, passive speech usually outstrips active speech, and in some children this period is prolonged.
A child can pronounce only a few words, but if he understands the speech addressed to him, listens with interest to an adult, is active in play and object-related activity, then his speech development is normal and worries until he stands, so in such children it happens suddenly, in the form "Explosion", and in a short period of time from a silent kid turns into a chatterbox.
What influences the development of a child's active speech?
First of all, close emotional contact with an adult. Speech is a means of communication. To speak, a child must have a need for communication with others, which is formed in infancy.
The environment around the child should be filled with audible speech. These are conversations between loved ones and addresses directly to the baby, reading books, listening to short audio stories and radio plays.
Perceiving speech, the child begins to highlight individual words and distinguish between the phonemes of the language. The development of phonemic hearing plays an essential role in the assimilation of the native language.
Often delay speech development arises due to the use of "children's" language in communication with the child. Adults are deliberately distorting words, replacing “car” with “bibik”, and instead of “hello” they say “plivet”. Children speak this way due to undeveloped articulation, while adults need to be given a sample of correct speech and talk with the child normally.
Another important condition for speech development is the child's objective activity with an adult. In order for a child to speak on his own initiative, he must have a need for some object, which he can designate with a word.
Often, the development of a child's speech is inhibited due to the fact that parents already understand all of his desires, even predict them.
It is necessary to create situations of misunderstanding for the child, for example, to move the toy aside and to try to get it again, say: “What can I give you? A doll? I do not understand. What to give?" Thus, you stimulate the baby to name the desired item with the word.
Moreover, to activate speech, you can use the following techniques:
- Examination of objects, their emotional description and actions with them: “What a bear! Brown, large. Soft paws, black nose. Top-top, go bear. Bang! Fell! What's with the bear? Fell!"
- Repeated reading of nursery rhymes and poetry. Children are very fond of listening to the same thing, they quickly memorize the text, and subsequently finish the endings of the lines if the adult pauses.
- Examining pictures. For such activities, both large clear images of hotel objects and plot pictures rich in various details are well suited.
- Outdoor games or warm-ups, where each action is accompanied by a verbal description. For example, “We clap our hands. Clap clap! Clap clap! We stamp our feet. Top top! Top-top! "
It is also known that the formation of speech is associated with development. Therefore, you should pay attention to sculpting and drawing, various educational games with clothespins, fasteners, locks, lacing, and so on.
If the lessons do not bring any result, the child does not reach out to an adult, does not try to repeat words, is fixated on monotonous actions with objects, then this may be a sign of serious mental abnormalities. In this case, you should contact a specialist.
The changes that you observe in the appearance and character of the baby during the first two years are simply incredible. The subsequent growth of the child will also have great momentum, but in no case can it be compared with the first two years of life.
general information
During this time, your child will finally and irrevocably learn to control their needs.... The process of potty training is very individual, and therefore there is a very wide range in terms of the norm for this parameter - from 18 to 36 months. Remember that children are different, and each will indicate their readiness in their own way, and sometimes your help will be needed in order to complete the task.
The personality and personality of the strong man is actively developing at this stage and therefore the results of your upbringing will form the basis of the character of the child. You can help him walk easily through life and instill at an early age self-confidence and an optimistic outlook on the world around him.
important At this age, the baby fantasizes a lot, so you may have a new problem - a lie. It is important to explain to the child the difference between imagination and lying, and how important it is to tell the truth, especially to parents and loved ones.
Also, a child at this age is able to:
- give your name when asked;
- coming up with stories that relate more to fantasy than to reality;
- put on socks and pants;
- asking a lot of questions;
- may be interested in where the children come from, especially if a replenishment has happened in your family.
32 months
The child's imagination is gaining momentum, as he learns more and more about the world around him, and now he has a fairly large vocabulary.
The kid begins to feel on his own the boundaries of what is permitted, and may well expect an answer (negative or positive) to his request.
The development of a child at this age provides for the mandatory presence of a regime so that he feels more comfortable, since sudden changes provoke unpleasant conditions. Most toddlers begin to enjoy singing at this age. In addition, songs are a fairly simple and effective way to teach a kid the alphabet, counting and other interesting things.
At this age, as a rule:
- the child knows how to make sentences of 4 or more words;
- the baby's vocabulary also includes adjectives that he uses in conversation;
- the child can draw not only a line, but also a cross (this means that he is now ready to write).
33 months
Little by little, the baby begins to understand the emotions and reactions of the people around him. The change in mood and behavior becomes obvious to the baby, and he will definitely ask you about the reasons for what is happening. He also learns to control his own emotions, based on your example.
Perhaps your child will have an imaginary friend. This is normal and not a hallucination or other type of mental disorder. Creativity and the need for a companion for games are the reason for such fantasies. This imaginary friend can be a part of your child's life up to the age of 6.
During this period, the child learns:
- conduct simple dialogues with strangers;
- draw a little man;
- understanding that sharing toys is part of a friendship;
- trying to fix his toys.
34 months
Your child is becoming more and more independent. Now the kid can spend several hours watching cartoons or playing games.
His growing curiosity leads to the knowledge of his anatomical features. This is one of the developmental features of a child over 2 years old. He begins to understand how a girl differs from a boy, he can touch his own genitals.
Physically, the child is progressing rapidly, and, sorting through children's things, it is quite difficult for you to imagine that your child once climbed into these tiny details of the wardrobe.
By this month, children are able to:
- speak clearly;
- keep your pants dry during the day and night;
- show a huge range of emotions;
- draw your "self-portrait".
35 months
information Your toddler now uses long sentences, speaks clearly, and becomes more adult-like in behavior. The child enjoys outdoor games.
In this article:
After two years, the child continues to develop rapidly, delighting parents with new achievements and skills every month, every day, every hour! What can a baby already know at 2 years and 2 months and what does he strive for? What do parents need to know? Read about it below.
Features of the physical development of the baby
At 2 years and 2 months, the child is characterized by excellent motor development. He already runs confidently, practically without falling, avoiding obstacles, maintains balance even in difficult situations for him.
The increased desire to be constantly on the move is quite justified, because just a few months before that, most babies had a noticeable decline in energy, due to a certain transition period from one stage of development to another.
Even if the crumbs do not succeed at this time, if he fell, stumbled or lost his balance for a short time, this will not stop him - he will continue to move towards the goal. This is a distinctive feature of the described age.
At 2 years and 2 months, the baby can boast of a fairly developed fine motor skills of the fingers. Now he not only quickly and dexterously takes small objects, but is also able to hit the specified target with separate objects. This can be easily verified by asking a child to throw a small ball into a child's basketball hoop.
At the same stage, there is active development nervous system... The kid copes with emotions better, becomes more resilient, practically does not act up, learns to be patient if necessary. The baby already knows how to concentrate attention and is able to do what 
that it gives him pleasure, for a long time, without requiring the attention of adults and without being distracted by others.
At 26 months, the baby also continues to actively develop teeth. At this time, parents should be vigilant and increase control over the care of the milk teeth that have already appeared. Every morning and evening, the baby should brush and rinse his teeth together with his mom or dad, thus preventing their premature deterioration. It is important to understand that diseased milk teeth can cause infection of molars later. At 2 years and 2 months, the baby can be shown to the dentist for the first time.
How do babies eat at this age?
After two years, the development of the child moves to a new level, so those mothers who continued to breastfeed the baby should take a moment to wean him from this habit. The fact is that at this age it is time for children to start preparing for kindergarten. It means that 
babies who still require breasts will not be able to adapt and will require increased attention from caregivers.
At 2 years and 2 months, you can already include raw vegetables and fruits in the form of mashed potatoes or salads in the baby's diet. Vegetable salads are best seasoned with olive, linseed or sunflower oil. These dishes are rich in vitamins and minerals, which are especially important for the normal growth and development of a child. Fruit salads can be seasoned with low-fat baby yogurt.
Dairy products at this age are the main food. The child should receive milk, cottage cheese, yogurt, kefir and sour cream. If the baby is not a fan of dairy, then the mother can disguise the cottage cheese and milk in beautiful and tasty dishes that the baby cannot refuse. These can be homemade cheesecakes with fruit jam, pancakes, casseroles, or lazy dumplings. A little imagination - and the baby will be fed with cottage cheese and milk, without noticing it, and will definitely ask for more!
As for the rest of the products, the diet of a child at this age must include meat and fish. Meat should be chosen from low-fat varieties, but fatty fish, on the contrary, is useful, since it is very rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Meat and fish should be cooked without frying: steamed, in the oven, or simply boiled.
After two years, the child needs to periodically prepare meals from the liver, which contains a large number of 
vitamins, healthy proteins and animal starch. The liver is easily absorbed by the child's body, helps to improve blood circulation. It is better to cook liver dishes in the same way as meat - steamed, stewed or boiled. You should not cook the product in a grated form: a baby at this age is able to chew small pieces by himself.
It is better to cook porridge for a baby at 26 months not liquid and viscous, but crumbly, so that the crumb can chew, stimulating the digestive tract. Periodically, porridge can be replaced with mashed potatoes or pasta made from durum wheat.
What did the baby learn at 2 years and 2 months?
At this age, the baby continues to lead an active lifestyle, showing an increased interest in everything that surrounds him. Children are happy to take lessons in creativity, learn to handle children's scissors, plasticine and paints. In the same 
During this period, memory is actively developing, which is still of an emotional-visual nature.
As noted above, the child's physical development allows him to walk confidently, in addition, new skills are mastered - alternating steps and overcoming obstacles. The little one works hard to improve coordination, often uses the index finger and leading hand, knows how to put objects into one another (for example, playing with a matryoshka doll) or put rings on the pyramid's rod, observing the dimension.
The kid already knows what the necessary objects around him are for, and uses them correctly. For example, a baby is clearly aware that a spoon is needed to eat, a pencil is needed to draw, and a broom is needed to sweep.
At this age, many children learn to bite, believing that this is the only way to protect themselves in situations of conflict for them. The kid can bite simply because someone, in his opinion, is doing something wrong. These are features of mental development at this age, which will pass over time.
At this age, the child goes through all stages of the development of primitive man. He starts with gathering (takes home everything that interests him on the street), continues to develop the skills of a hunter (tries to catch insects), develops cattle breeding (“grazes” domestic animals, or again 
insects), tries himself in agriculture (plants flowers and watering trees).
At 2 years and 2 months, babies have already mastered enough household skills. They easily open doors by turning the handles and pushing back the latches, insert keys into the keyholes, they know perfectly well where what lies and how to get to it. In addition, children can independently:
- to wash hands;
- use a pot;
- wear simple items of clothing;
- wash your face;
- brush your teeth;
- eat and drink;
- play with a ball;
- go down and up the stairs, etc.
Of course, at this stage of development, the baby already begins to imitate adults, copying their movements. Do not be surprised if the little one tries to turn on the iron himself to iron, or set the washing program in the washing machine. With this in mind, do not leave your child unattended - this will help prevent irreparable damage.
How does the baby's speech develop?
At 2 years and 2 months, the child's vocabulary already contains more than 40 words, and girls are more talkative than boys. However, this number is not a strict norm, since the development of speech in babies under three years old occurs individually and at different speeds.
If by this age the baby has not yet spoken or there are a minimum of words in his vocabulary, parents can speed up the process by doing a special exercise for the mouth with the baby. Simple activities will help your baby to control lip movements 
and language in the course of mastering new words and sounds.
Exercise should be fun and unobtrusive. For example, you can ask the baby to curl his lips in front of the mirror and say a few syllables with the sound "o". A good exercise to speed up the development of speech is the usual wide smile, during which you will need to pronounce the sound "y".
You can also stimulate the speech activity of the crumbs with the help of a game with cubes. Build a train for the kid and, pushing him, say "Tu-tu, forward!", And then break the train with the words "Ay-ay-ay, the train broke!". And instruct your kid to build the same train with the same comments on their own.
A useful and interesting game that accelerates the development of speech - "Add a word". The rules are very simple. You will need to come up with enumerated sentences, inviting the child to complete them. For example, you can say: "Grandma came to visit us and ..." or "There are apples and ..." on the tree.
How to develop a baby with games after 2 years
For the development of a child at the age of 2 years and 2 months, there is a whole range of games that parents can play with a baby at home and on the street. For example, to improve fine motor skills, you can read 
rhymes-counting rhymes or fairy tales for the kid, inviting him to accompany them with gestures like a theater of shadows. Naturally, you will need to show the baby how to do this so that he can repeat it.
To teach a child to navigate in shapes, colors and shades, you can periodically collect large puzzles with him. An excellent version of educational games at this age is special items with lacing and holes in which the child can tuck the laces.
An interesting option for the development of attention, perseverance and motor skills of fingers are special colorful labyrinths, along which the baby will need to learn to roll balls.
How to raise a baby after 2 years?
A child at 2 years and 2 months learns the norms of behavior not from the words of adults, but from their personal example. That is why, before repeatedly explaining or prohibiting something to the baby, show by your own example how to behave.
To test how the baby is assimilating what is being told, you can periodically ask him to demonstrate something that he has recently learned. The crumb may refuse to fulfill the request of the parents 
due to a banal whim or feeling uncomfortable - for example, in the presence of strangers.
If the reason is the first, then you need to delicately insist on fulfilling the request. If the baby is embarrassed because of strangers in the house, you can postpone the task and make it clear to the baby that they are not angry with him, he is still supported and loved.
Of course, at 2 years and 2 months, you should continue to be careful with the prohibitions and punishments of the baby. Remember that you can forbid a child to do something no more than three times a day. Excessive prohibitions will lead to a reverse reaction: the crumb will simply cease to perceive what is being said.
That is why the task of parents at this stage is to direct the baby's energy in the right direction, protecting him from adversity, delicately pointing out the right path without the use of punishment.
Principles for the development of perception in a child
A child's perception at 2 years and 2 months can be developed through a number of games and exercises.
For example, an interesting option 
- a plate with grooves of various shapes cut out in it. The object of the game is to learn how to match the holes to the appropriate geometric shapes.
To simplify the task at the initial stage, you can glue all the holes with parchment and leave one, in which the child is offered to choose an object that is suitable in shape. As soon as he copes with the task, you can open the next hole for him and so on until the baby independently finds objects of the desired shape under each of the holes.
If the child finds it difficult to complete the task even with sealed holes, you can help him by painting the indentations and objects of a suitable geometric shape in the appropriate colors.
An interesting game for developing the imagination - "draw a line". The essence of the game is to draw with your finger on mashed potatoes. Usually, children are delighted with the task and gladly fulfill the requests of their parents. Prepare a play area for your baby:
- cover the table with oilcloth;
- place a large tray on it;
- fill the tray with mashed potatoes;
- put on a work robe for the baby.
To make the child even more interesting, color the puree with food coloring in different colors. Draw a line together on the potato mass. Try to make the kid do the task with pleasure and not be distracted by pampering. Praise the little one for every attempt to draw a line.
When everything works out with mashed potatoes and the baby gets tired of this activity, you can proceed to the next stage - the lines on the sheet. Just attach a sheet of paper on the table and invite your child to draw a line with a marker. Over time, he will be able to distinguish between vertical and horizontal lines.
Repeat the skills you have learned while walking: draw with a stick in the snow or sand, draw with chalk.
Game "Big and Small". At this age, you can teach the baby not only to distinguish objects by size, but also to group them according to the same criterion. For example, you can ask the baby to choose small and large items by putting the first in a small bowl, and the second in a large pot.
Such simple games as a pyramid with rings of different sizes or a nesting doll will help you to master the skill of distinguishing objects by size. A baby at 2 years old is already able to learn that small objects cannot fit large ones.
The grown-up baby is showing more and more independence. The range of his opportunities for work, play and fun is expanding. Mom and Dad are surprised and happy to notice how smart and inquisitive their baby has become. Skills and skills for the age of 2 years is a very subjective question, because each child develops in his own individual rhythm.
After two years, the child becomes more conscious, surprises the parents with his achievementsPhysical indicators: weight, height, teeth
The average weight of a two-year-old is 12-13 kg, but within the normal range there will be indicators from 11 to 14.5 kg. So, for example, the weight of a child at 2 years 3 months will be about 13 kg. For girls, a slightly lower weight is determined - from 10.8 to 14 kg. The second year of life is characterized by less active weight gain than it was in the first year.
The lack of regular additions of 500-600 g should not bother parents. The previous rate of weight gain will no longer be, because the baby spends most of the time in activity, which means it uses up the available energy as much as possible.
The growth of children at this age will have an even wider range. Children can grow up to 83 and up to 93 cm.Any of the readings of this interval will be the norm, which means that growth is within the average statistical framework and physical formation is proceeding successfully.
| Parameters of children under 2.5 years old | ||||
| Age | Boys | Girls | ||
| Weight (g) | Height (cm) | Weight (g) | Height (cm) | |
| 2 g 1 m | 12830 | 88,1 | 12220 | 86,7 |
| 2 g 2 m | 12950 | 88,9 | 12380 | 87,5 |
| 2 g 3 m | 13080 | 89,7 | 12520 | 88,4 |
| 2 g 4 m | 13220 | 90,3 | 12680 | 89,2 |
| 2 g 5 m | 13350 | 91,1 | 12820 | 90 |
| 2 g 6 m | 13480 | 91,8 | 12980 | 90,7 |
Milk teeth, as a rule, have erupted at the age of 2.5 years. The total number of teeth is 20 (10 on the bottom and 10 on the top).
At this age, the child can boast of a significant set of teeth. Baby skills
2 years 1 month
The two-year-old is becoming more and more like an adult. His body is losing weight, his tummy disappears. All proportions of the torso change, but this phenomenon is completely normal. Mom does not need to worry and feed the baby with high-calorie food.
The baby accumulates a huge amount of energy, so it is important for parents to find useful and safe use for it. The baby still sleeps during the day, which means that both he and his mother have the opportunity to take a breath and gain new strength.
A baby at 2 years 1 month already knows how to do the following:
- build towers large in height from cubes and other scrap materials;
- uses a sock when walking, which makes all movements more accurate and accurate;
- understands the difference between personal pronouns and applies it in practice.
2 years 2 months
The baby is growing, and his independence is also growing. Mothers sometimes do not know how to react to rebellion on the part of their, so recently absolutely docile, little one. A child at 2 years 2 months can take everything with hostility: attempts to brush his teeth, put on pants and so on. All this happens because such seemingly simple actions require enormous efforts from him. He wants to prove to himself and his mother that he is already doing a lot without outside help.
By this age, the baby has learned:
- wash your hands and dry them with a towel;
- speak clearly, his speech is understood by an increasing number of people;
- he looks at the creative process and drawing in a different way, he already knows how to draw a straight line, which is a very important point.
By this age, the child learns many tricks, including those related to personal hygiene. 2 years 3 months
The kid is happy to deal with small objects. By connecting a number of parts, the crumb creates new buildings. A great option is a constructor. There is a huge field for creativity and the embodiment of any ideas. Destroying their buildings also brings the kid pleasure.
The crumb begins to figure out the boundaries of what is permitted and constantly tests you for strength. Often unbearable, he requires constant attention, and seeing that he cannot be achieved, he begins to get angry, mischievous and mischievous.
Screaming at the age we are considering is a common thing. Don't be angry with your baby. You can reduce the number of negative outbursts by giving the little one maximum attention and care.
The baby talks a lot and more and more often torments dad and mom with endless "why?" You should not ignore them or laugh at them - try to explain the subject of interest to the child in an accessible form, thereby you will make a huge contribution to the formation of his intellect.
A two-year-old already knows how to:
- open the door yourself;
- gross motor skills allow you to master jumping on both legs;
- distinguishes between big-small, far-close.
Active movements and jumping make up most of the baby's leisure time. 2 years 4 months
It's time to "tighten up" parenting, if you haven't already. The missed moment of controlling the behavior of your child runs the risk of affecting the whole future life. The kid must clearly know the rules of conduct and the framework that cannot be exceeded. Consistency in the actions of the parent in most cases solves the problem of disobedience. The baby will feel that he is in reliability and protection, which means he will have more desire to develop and grow in harmony with the world.
A baby at the age of 2 years 4 months can boast of the following skills:
- begins to distinguish between letters of the alphabet;
- knows how to stand on one leg;
- dance, even in the absence of music.
2 years 5 months
The child becomes more attentive and concentrated, but still it is still impossible for him to do the same thing for a very long time. You can notice how the little one plays for a long time and very enthusiastically with the constructor or with dolls. It is not always easy to distract him from this pleasant activity. The solution lies on the surface. Voice your request, which will have some distance from its implementation. For example, you can say, "Play for another 5 minutes, and then we'll go to wash." So the baby will have time to tune in, and you will avoid unnecessary whims and screams.
A child who has reached the age of 2 years 5 months has already mastered the following important points:
- knows all parts of the body and can name them;
- cleans teeth on his own;
- creative skills are developed: the ability to draw straight lines, a circle.
Self-cleaning of teeth is an important step towards the future household autonomy of the baby. Developing social skills
A two-year-old child is no longer a toddler who cannot independently declare himself to the world, but a full-fledged person who can explain his needs, talk about his discontent. What can I say, sometimes the character of children is very difficult.
The beginning of the two-year period is usually accompanied by active contact of the baby with peers and with adults, but a little time later, the mother notices that her child is showing more and more shyness and fear. Social adaptation at this age is characterized by the following points:
- the baby enters into a dialogue with people different ages(on walks, during games);
- is happy or upset if he or someone else has done good or bad;
- the appearance of self-esteem, but the absence of criticality (for himself, he always chooses the adjective "good");
- there is a desire to get praise and, if adults forget to thank or praise for a good deed, very often gets upset;
- knows how animals speak and can reproduce their sounds.
Formation and improvement of speech
For a two-year-old it is already within their powers to perceive a small story by ear, if it is about things familiar to him. On its basis, the child can answer simple questions.
The kid already knows his body well. At the request of an adult, the baby can show where his nose is, where the leg is, and where the cheeks are.
By the age of two, a child's speech has about 300 words. Children are very interested in new words and begin to actively use them in practice. Sentences at this age usually consist of one or two words.
Most often, the child continues to talk about himself in the third person. He only has to realize and assimilate his own "I".
Kids at this age already know how:
- name the names of objects in the picture;
- speak or sing the end of lines from your favorite songs or poems;
- evaluate yourself and others on the basis of signs: "good", "bully", "bad";
- on their own or at the request of an adult, they can say hello and say goodbye.
Kids have already learned the difference between plural and singular quite well. More and more often there are questions that are related to the reason ("why?", "Why?") And place ("where?", "Where?", "Where?").
The baby is good at building sentences, and can also recite a favorite rhyme by heart. Often, children who have crossed the age of two build long sentences (of 3 or more words). Grammatical errors are still very common, but among other words in sentences there are prepositions and conjunctions. The child speaks not only with relatives, but also with strangers (with children on the playground, in kindergarten, etc.).
At this age, the child very quickly finds new friends among children and adults. Often there are situations when the baby does not speak at all. The active vocabulary contains two or three words or only sounds. Without a doubt, every child develops at their own personal pace, but you shouldn't let this question go by itself. You should start classes aimed at the formation and improvement of speech.
A healthy baby with normal development can absolutely calmly build a sentence of two or three words. A baby who has not spoken until 2 years 5 months should be shown to a speech therapist, who will prescribe a number of classes and exercises to form speech skills. Mothers should be attentive to their child and develop his speech skills in the classroom at home (we recommend reading :). Various types of creative activity have good efficiency: modeling, drawing, as well as finger and articulatory gymnastics.
The TV, if it still works smoothly in your home, should be turned off immediately, as well as other electronic gadgets. Modern children have speech problems very often precisely because of excessive exposure to background noise. It is important for a crumb to get natural communication, and not an electronic friend. The child does not need a TV, from it there is only harm.
Schedule
The daily routine, as before, plays an important role in maintaining and improving the health of the baby. The baby may not sleep during the day for about 6 hours and does not show signs of fatigue. This picture is typical for children of two and a half years old. Thus, the baby sleeps only once during the day. The duration of daytime sleep is from 1.5 to 2.5 hours. Remember that a full night's sleep should be at least 10-11 hours.
Children can independently regulate the daily routine. If you notice the following signs, know that your child is overtired and tired:
- characteristic manifestations of overexcitation of the nervous system (screams and whims for no apparent reason, the child begins to misbehave and spite);
- lethargy, irritability and tearfulness.
Children's whims can be associated with banal overwork. When these signs are typical for your baby, it may be premature to switch to one-time sleep. In this case, it is preferable to leave two dreams, but reduce their duration. Monitor your child's behavior to make the right decision and choose the right regimen for your child.
Balanced diet
For the full formation of all vital systems of a toddler, he needs to eat well. Save four meals a day by diversifying your diet with proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins that will help ensure the healthy growth and development of your baby:
- Meat - lean pork, beef, chicken, liver, and fish. All this should be on the daily menu in the amount of 7-8% of the daily food volume.
- Dairy and fermented milk products - milk, kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt, cheese, sour cream. They should occupy the lion's share (about 40%) of the total daily diet.
- Products made from flour and cereals (baked goods, cereals) occupy about 15% of the diet per day.
- Fruits and vegetables are a must on the children's menu. They contain a huge amount of vitamins. Their share per day is 35%.
- Oil, sugar, vegetable and animal fats provide the body with energy, but their total volume should not exceed 3%.
- Liquid. Your child should drink about 1.5 liters of water a day. You can offer your baby a choice of tea, compote, juice or jelly. You can also give plain water - that's even better.
You can keep your baby's interest in food and stimulate his appetite through a variety of flavor combinations. By making the menu new and original, you instill in the baby a love of eating and make the process of eating conscious.
Using the original presentation of dishes, you can "force" the child to eat even unloved foods Leisure: games and activities
Experienced educators who are involved in the upbringing of children from 2 to 3 years old say that the baby will show effective development when he is not so much helped, but not hindered. How can parents help? Here are some useful tips:
- Provide support for the child in his desire for creativity (construction, modeling, drawing).
- Participate in daily activities (morning exercises, gymnastics, swimming, outdoor games).
- Joint game "Repeat after me!" The kid is given the task to repeat everything that you will do (make grimaces, reproduce sounds, dance).
- Introduce the baby to order (teach how to clean up toys after games, hang clothes on a chair, clean up the dishes after eating).
- Communicate as much as possible. This can be a discussion of a read fairy tale and watched cartoon, learning a poem or singing together.
- Encourage good deeds, praise and punish wrongdoing. Measure is important in everything. Excessive praise can lead to pride, and excessive punishment can create complexes and contribute to slower development.
As toys for a two-year-old, objects and games that develop thinking, fine motor skills and an eye are suitable. What to choose? Constructors, lacing, mosaics, inlay frames, sets for creating beads - the choice is very large.
An uncomplicated construction set with bright details is a great toy for a growing child - Crumbs at 2 years 5 months love to “cook” and are delighted with sets with vegetables and fruits that need to be cut. With their help, motor skills and dexterity are developed, and they can also be used in role-playing games.
- Kids love cubes, and if they can be used to fold a beautiful picture, they will be even more happy. For a start, take 4 dice. If the child is interested in such games, it will be possible to buy larger sets of bricks.
- Use wood puzzles in your studies. The topic of such manuals can be any (letters, fruits, animals). They will help improve motor skills and attention of the little one.
- Role-playing is also very appropriate and rewarding at this age. With their help, the child becomes more sociable, as well as the development of his fantasy and speech (see also: