Teething, along with some other ailments of newborn babies, is perhaps one of the most popular and widely discussed topics among mothers who share their experiences and experiences in all kinds of forums dedicated to raising children. According to statistics, the first teeth in a child appear no earlier than six months.
Many myths are associated with the process of the appearance of milk teeth, for example, that girls tend to cut their teeth faster than boys. First of all, this statement is not supported by medical research. And secondly, infant development, including the growth of teeth, is a purely individual process.
This means that one child will have early development teeth, and in the second, the first incisors may appear in a year or even later. It is important that in both cases we are not talking about a lag or deviation, this is just a variant of the norm.
Since the process of the appearance of milk teeth is indeed most often associated with many inconveniences and experiences, both for parents and children, it is best to know in advance how to determine that the baby's teeth are growing, and most importantly, how to make this process easier for the child. ... After all, as they say, knowledgeable means armed.
How to understand that a child's teeth are getting out? This question worries all parents, without exception. It often happens that mothers, having noticed a deterioration in the state of health in babies, do not associate this with the appearance of the first teeth, but think that their child has caught a cold or caught a virus. This is due to the fact that the first signs of teething in a child are very similar to the development at the initial stage or ARI .
In order not to shake their nerves, time and money in vain and not to stuff the baby with unnecessary, and in addition, ineffective medicines, parents simply have to know what symptoms of teething of the first teeth in infants are and how to help the baby in such a situation. Let's first talk about how a child behaves when teething.
It is noteworthy that although teething is an absolutely normal and natural physiological process for human body, unfortunately, in most cases it brings the child many inconveniences, from which there is no escape.
When a child's teeth begin to break, he changes before our eyes, becomes moody and more irritable.
The kid really suffers and experiences discomfort, because this is the first time he is faced with such pain.
Therefore, in this difficult period, parents are simply obliged to support their child and do everything to alleviate his condition.
Children's doctors (for example, the famous doctor Komarovsky) recommend showing as much care and affection for the baby as possible in this difficult period of time, more often hugging and kissing the baby.
After all, the best medicine is parental love and the warmth of mother's hands. And even if you cannot completely eliminate the pain, your baby will feel your support and compassion. As mentioned above, the first teeth usually come out in six months. However, this does not mean at all that the child's first tooth cannot appear, for example, at 3 months.
By the way, this age is considered the earliest, according to doctors, when the process of teething of the first teeth can begin in babies. Modern pediatricians are increasingly talking about the fact that every child is unique, and it is not entirely correct to apply uniform norms and rules to all children. An individual approach to diagnosis and treatment is the future of medicine.
It is important to understand that the presence and severity of certain symptoms of teething in children under one year old depends solely on the health status of a particular baby. There are cases, and there are many of them, when the child almost painlessly endures this process and does not even experience half of the ailments associated with the appearance of the first teeth.
When a child's teeth are teething, the symptoms can be so invisible to others that parents, having discovered the first incisor in their baby, can not only be delighted, but also truly surprised.
So, if a child is teething, then the symptoms may be:
- gum and swelling at the eruption site is perhaps the surest sign that the baby will soon have the first tooth. You can see this symptom with the naked eye, you just have to look into the child's mouth or feel the “tubercle” on the gum with your finger. In some cases, a small tooth (accumulation) may form at the eruption site, then it will turn blue. This is considered a variant of the norm, subject to the general normal well-being of the child. As a rule, the hematoma goes away on its own immediately after the tooth erupts. On hit infections on the gums may be present abscess or , they also pass on their own over time. If this did not happen, and the baby's condition worsened (usually rises temperature , this is how the body reacts to inflammatory processes ), you should immediately consult a dentist;
- increased salivation can also be attributed to the sure signs of teething. Indeed, a lot of saliva is released, and when the first incisors appear in sequence, and then, when the development of the molars and canines proceeds;
- the baby's desire to gnaw everything is due to the strong itchy gums , another sure sign that the teething process is gaining momentum;
- decrease, change in taste preferences or complete refusal of the child from food;
- changes in the behavior of newborns (increased irritability, unreasonable moodiness) are caused, first of all, by the fact that the child experiences painful sensations at the moment when the teeth are actively "storming" the surface of the gums. In addition, due to increased salivation irritation or rash appears on the skin, which gives the baby a lot of anxiety;
sleep disturbance.
Teething cough in children
Quite often, mothers ask pediatricians a question about whether it can be cough
due to teething, or this symptom speaks of the development of other ailments. The child's body begins to prepare in advance for the appearance of the first teeth. Already in a few weeks, and sometimes months salivary glands
begin to produce many times more secret
. 
However, the child has not yet learned to swallow saliva, as we, adults, do it without hesitation and already reflexively.
As a result, saliva accumulates in the throat, especially when the child is in a supine position.
The kid starts coughing to release Airways from the secret that has accumulated there.
In addition, due to a large number saliva falling into nasopharynx, you can hear wheezing. When saliva enters the middle ear, the child develops runny nose .
Diarrhea (diarrhea) with teething
Not many parents know that diarrhea in a baby - this is not only a symptom poisoning ... The reasons can be teeth, or rather, increased salivation. The thing is that an overly susceptible and not fully formed children's stomach can react painfully to the ingress of saliva with food.
A large number of secret liquefies chair , and the bacteria contained in it provoke indigestion ... In addition, with the growth of milk teeth, the entire children's organism experiences tremendous stress that affects work Gastrointestinal tract ... As a result, the child suffers from diarrhea or, which can also be caused by an excess of saliva.
It is worth remembering that diarrhea, which lasts no more than 72 hours, is considered normal for teething of milk teeth. If you notice one of the following symptoms, then you should immediately consult a doctor for treatment:
- a change in the color of feces or the presence of foreign inclusions in it, namely the appearance of a black or greenish tint of feces and blood (blood streaks);
- too frequent bowel movements (more than five times a day);
- the duration of diarrhea is more than three days, and the number of bowel movements does not decrease, but rather increases.
Teething vomiting
Could it be if teeth are teething? In rare cases, children may vomit during eruption. However, this is a rather rare phenomenon, also due to strong salivation, in which part of the secretion got into the children's stomach with food. It is important to emphasize that if vomiting is associated with diarrhea and these ailments are often repeated, moreover, the child's body temperature has increased, this indicates the development of a viral infection.
It is better in this case to immediately consult a doctor for advice. Because without timely treatment rotaviruses, adenoviruses, astroviruses, caliciviruses, noroviruses , combined under the same name, gastric or intestinal flu, causing severe gastrointestinal upset, can cause irreparable harm to the health of the child.
Increased body temperature is a signal immune system a person, indicating those processes occurring in the body that can be caused by the harmful effects of various microorganisms, for example, bacteria or viruses ... However, even when the first teeth are erupting, a child may experience a high temperature .
True, as a rule, it will not exceed 38-38.5 C. Such a reaction of the body is due to the presence of inflammation oral mucous membranes
, because the teeth go through the gum tissue, i.e. actually damage their integrity. In addition, during this period of time, the baby begins to grab and gnaw everything that comes under his arm and can introduce an infection into the wounds. 
It is important to understand that a slight increase in temperature can be a reaction to teeth. Moreover, this condition usually lasts for several days.
If the child has fever for a long period of time, then this is not due to the teeth.
In such cases, you should immediately seek medical help.
It is also worth paying attention to the fact that not always when the incisors, molars or canines erupt, the child's body temperature rises.
This means that it would be wrong to attribute temperature to the main signs of teething. Rather, it is a possible symptom that may or may not be.
Timing of teething
Most parents think about what time the first teeth appear in children. Indeed, on the one hand, everyone is looking forward to this exciting moment when the first handsome tooth "settles" in the baby's mouth. On the other hand, mothers understand that this period of time can be difficult due to possible ailments.
How teething teething in babies, photo
When do the first teeth begin to grow in babies? Several decades ago, in the medical literature and reference books, the question of when a child's first teeth appear was given an unambiguous answer - from 6 months of age.
Modern pediatricians are no longer so categorical, since there are more and more cases when a baby's first teeth come out much earlier than this time.
Therefore, there is no definite answer to the question of when the first teeth appear in babies, for all children this process begins only when their body is ready for this.
However, parents should be concerned if their beloved child does not have teething at 6, 8 or 10 months, since a delay in teething is directly related to a delay in the growth and development of the whole organism as a whole, which can be caused by such pathologies as:
- adentia , i.e. the absence of the very rudiments of future teeth. Not many people know that the basis of milk teeth is formed in children even in the womb, at about 6-7 weeks of pregnancy, therefore it is so important for women to receive all the necessary and nutrients for the correct and harmonious development of all vital systems of the fetus. It is possible to diagnose this disease only with an X-ray;
- , a disease that develops in infants due to a lack in their body, which plays an important role in assimilation calcium necessary for the development and growth of teeth.
The time when babies' teeth are cut is influenced by such factors as:
- heredity;
- nutrition;
- climatic conditions;
- water quality and composition;
- the presence of certain diseases, for example, ailments associated with the endocrine system;
- baby care.
Teething procedure in children
We talked about how much teeth climb, now we will figure out the order of their eruption. So when cut canines, molars (molars) and incisors ?
Consider the above table of tooth growth in children in more detail. The table contains information not only about the timing, but also about the sequence of teething in children. It is important to emphasize that this information on the teething procedure is for reference only.
This means that parents should not panic and worry if their baby's teething order does not match the information presented in the table. The appearance of teeth, like other moments in childhood development, for example, the main parameters of height and weight are purely individual.
Therefore, there is no point in comparing the order in which the teeth of your baby or a neighbor's toddler grew. So, what is the order of teething of baby teeth in babies? And also which teeth erupt first and at what age? It will help answer these questions and tell you how children’s teeth climb the scheme proposed above.
However, let's start with the terminology. The table provides information on how milk teeth grow and which first appear. Milk teeth is called the initial "dental set" in humans and, interestingly, in other mammals too.
Yes, we are not mistaken, our pets cats and dogs and many other animals also lose milk teeth, and in their place the second ones grow - permanent ones. Based on the scheme of the appearance of the first teeth, it is clearly visible that the teeth on each half of the jaw, having the same name, for example, the upper and lower incisors or canines, come out simultaneously, i.e. in pairs.
Typically, two are cut first central incisors lower jaw. It can be considered that these are the first teeth to appear in infants at 3 months or later. Then, based on the above-suggested teething schedule in children and taking into account the principle of pairing, the central incisors emerge in the upper part of the jaw.
After them, the time comes for the second incisors, only the lateral ones. They can appear either from above or from below, this is individual. It is considered the norm when children under the age of one year have a full set of incisors, i.e. both upper and lower teeth come out.
The procedure for the eruption of molars in children
Logically for incisors must follow fangs or "eye" teeth. However, the process of eruption of canines in children begins only after they appear permanent teeth ... In the meantime, so-called "dental gaps" are formed in place of the canines.
So, after all four incisors, molars appear - the first upper molars and the second lower molars. And only after all the molars take their places, the canines come out, which, by the way, are the strongest and most durable teeth.
How long does it take for the upper and lower baby teeth to erupt?
It is considered the norm that by the age of three years a child has a number canines and molars compared, and their total number reaches 20 pieces. However, let us repeat once again, these are averaged data, and in each specific case, the eruption process proceeds at its own individual speed.
You shouldn't even try to speed it up, because the body itself "controls" the situation, which means that the teeth will appear when needed.
Teething of upper teeth, photo
The central incisors (lower, upper) appear first in the interval from 3-6 months to 10-12 months. Lateral upper and lower incisors - from 7-9 months to 16-13 months.
The first upper molars are cut from 12-13 months to 18-19 months, the second lower and upper molars - from 20-25 months to 31-33 months. And the last lower and upper canines - from 16 months to 22-23 months.
Change of teeth, i.e. loss of milk and the appearance in their place of permanent occurs also purely individually.
However, on average, the first teeth begin to fall out at the age of 6-7 years, and the permanent ones are fully formed by 10-12 years. The incisors are the first to change, and the canines and molars are the last to appear.
How can I help my child with teething? And what remedies for teething in babies will help to effectively relieve and relieve the condition of the child? We will try to answer these questions further. As mentioned above, it is impossible to predict in advance the reaction of the child's body to the process of appearance.
However, even if your baby relatively easily endures all the hardships of this period of time, and his health is still good, it is still worth knowing how to help the child in case of any ailments associated with teething.
The main goal of parents is to make the process of getting teeth as painless as possible for their child.
This can be achieved with the help of all kinds of medications that have an analgesic effect, and also prevent the development of infections and inflammatory processes at the site of teething.
So, what are the effective medicines for pain relief:
- gels, for example Baby Doctor "First Teeth" , Kholisan, other;
- drops, for example, this drug is also available in the form of an anesthetic gel;
- gum ointment, for example.
In addition to the above listed remedies, it can help to eliminate the painful symptoms of teething of milk teeth homeopathy ... True, with medicinal herbs and plants, as well as with preparations made on their basis, you need to be extremely careful. Of course, natural herbal ingredients for a child's body are the best alternative to synthetic medicines.
But only if the child has, homeopathic remedies can significantly worsen the baby's health. Therefore, before starting their use, you should definitely seek medical advice from a pediatrician. Let's talk about the most popular and well-proven drugs.
Teething gels
Currently, in the pharmacy of any locality, you will be offered a lot of all kinds of tools designed to alleviate the condition of the child during teething of milk teeth. Most often, these drugs are produced in the form of ointments, gels or creams. This dosage form is the easiest to use and much more effective. The drugs quickly penetrate deep into the affected tissue areas and, as a result, the effect of their use is more likely to occur.
So which teething gel is best for your child? One of the first and, to some extent, the main symptoms of the appearance of milk teeth is considered to be swelling of the gums in infants. When you look into your child's mouth, you immediately notice the swollen areas. mucous tissue .
It is in these places that teeth will soon appear. You may not even know in advance what the gums look like when teething. Believe me, you can touch it with your eyes closed, because a characteristic tubercle will appear on the gum, and the child will constantly try to somehow scratch this area.
Photo of gums when teething first teeth
The best teething gel will be the one that can effectively cope with the unpleasant sensations in the gum area, i.e. reduce their sensitivity with cooling and analgesic properties. How gels, ointments and creams work:
- completely eliminate or help to significantly reduce pain;
- fight inflammation at the site of the appearance of teeth;
- reduce or completely eliminate itching;
- have a healing effect;
- reduce redness and disinfect the mucous membranes of the gums;
- strengthens the gums.
| Drug name | Kamistad Baby | Baby Doctor "First Teeth" | Holisal |
| Compound | lidocaine hydrochloride, infusion of chamomile inflorescences | extracts from marshmallow root, extracts of calendula, chamomile, echinacea, plantain, water, methylparaben and methylcellulose | choline salicylate, cetalkonium chloride |
| Properties |
The drug belongs to combined drugs that have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial effects. The gel reduces the manifestation of pain syndrome due to the presence of lidocaine in its chemical composition... Moreover, the analgesic effect from the use of the drug lasts for a long time. Pharmacy chamomile fights inflammation, and also promotes the healing of the mucous membranes of the gums in places of teething. |
Homeopathic medicine. |
Dental gel with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. Choline salicylate has a local analgesic effect and cetalkonium chloride has antiseptic properties. |
| Indications for use |
|
Elimination of pain syndrome, as well as relief of inflammatory processes during teething in children of the first year of life. |
|
| |||
| Instructions for use | The gel is applied in a layer no more than 5 mm thick on the inflamed areas of the gums three times a day. |
The gel is applied in place, i.e. applied with massaging movements directly on the inflamed areas of the mucous membranes of the gums. You can smear the drug on the gums every time there is a need for it. |
The gel is applied to the inflamed areas with light massaging movements about fifteen minutes before meals or after hygiene procedures after meals. You can use the drug no more than three times a day. |
| average price | 150 rubles per package, with a nominal volume of 10 g. | 150 rubles per package, with a volume of 15 ml. | 220 rubles per tube in 10 g. |
| Drug name | Dentinox | Dantinorm Baby | Calgel |
| Compound | chamomile extract, polidocanol, lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate | chamomile extract, rhubarb, Indian ivy | cetylpyridinium chloride, lidocaine |
| Properties | A local anesthetic with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. | Homeopathic medicine in the form of drops, which has analgesic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. | The gel, intended exclusively for topical use, has antifungal, antibacterial and analgesic properties. |
| Indications for use | The gel is used to eliminate pain, as well as inflammation and irritation of the gums during teething. | Teething in children from three months. | Painful teething in children five months and older. |
| Contraindications for use | The presence of injuries in the oral cavity, individual intolerance medicines. | Individual drug intolerance . |
|
| Side effects | not found | not found |
|
| Instructions for use | A small amount of gel is applied to the gums with light massaging movements no more than three times a day. | Drops are taken in one container (volume 1 ml) inside in between meals no more than three times a day. |
Gently massaging a small amount of the drug on the inflamed areas of the gums no more than six times a day. You can reapply the gel only twenty minutes after the previous use. |
| average price | 200 rubles per package, with a nominal volume of 10 g. | 300 rubles per drop, 10 ml. | 230 rubles for 10 g of gel. |
Before using any type of gel, ointment or drops, you should definitely consult your doctor. In addition to the drug, you can alleviate the condition of the baby during teething with the help of:
- teethers - this special device can be of different shapes and sizes. Teethers are made from materials such as rubber and plastic that are safe in their composition. They can be filled with water or special gel so that they can be cooled in a regular household refrigerator. As you know, cold for some time can dull pain. This device the baby can safely chew and thus scratch the gums;
- gum massage, for which special devices are also used, for example, a finger brush or gauze swabs. Finger brush and gauze swabs are not only excellent massagers, but also hygiene products designed for oral care in children. They gently cleanse mucous membranes and teeth from dirt.
Many parents are concerned about whether it is possible to do vaccinations
during the period of teething. Front vaccination
in accordance with the vaccination calendar, the child undergoes a number of procedures, which include delivery analyzes (urine, blood)
, as well as examination by a pediatrician. 
The process of the appearance of the first teeth in itself is not a pathology that prohibits vaccination.
However, according to general rule in order to avoid unwanted side reactions and complications, vaccinations are given only when the child is feeling well and his tests are normal.
As we determined earlier, during teething, the baby's well-being may deteriorate. Of course, in such a state, there can be no question of any vaccinations. Remember, the recommended vaccination times are not mandatory or strict. Therefore, you can skip the next vaccination without feeling guilty and wait until your child gets better.
All parents look forward to the growth of their child's first teeth with impatience or anxiety. They are anxiously preparing for this event by studying. But what horror settles in their hearts when their baby begins to lag behind the "approved" schedule by dentists! Is this normal or is it considered a deviation? What is the growth sequence for children - more on this and will be discussed in this article.
Factors affecting timing
The development of a child and his teeth cannot be adjusted to a specific schedule, because the timing of teething can vary. This can depend on many factors. Pediatricians allow a slight deviation in any direction, but not more than 6 months.
According to statistics, the first teeth begin to erupt at about 6 months of age, and if the baby is not gifted with such a gift as acceleration, then this phenomenon can occur much earlier (at 3 or 4 months). In development, the body of girls is slightly ahead of boys, but despite this, at least one tooth should appear in the oral cavity by at least 12 months of age.
Minor deviations from the norm are usually associated with certain factors, including:
- heredity. If one of the parents had a late teething, then most likely the child will be the same;
- the development of rickets as a result of a lack of calcium in the patient's body;
- lack of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism);
- problems with the functioning of the digestive organs, due to which the body is not able to fully absorb and digest useful material from food;
- acquired or generated absence of dental germs (adentia).
On a note! There is no need to worry too much about deviations in the timing of eruption. As statistics show, every fourth child who has not had a single tooth by 12 months, such a phenomenon is considered an individual feature of the body, and not some kind of deviation.
Tooth growth sequence
An extremely important event in a child's life is the appearance of teeth - first milk teeth, and then permanent ones. At the same time, parents should pay maximum attention and care to the baby. Let us consider in more detail the timing of the appearance of milk and permanent teeth.
Dairy
What is the order of the baby's teething teeth? The front incisors on the lower jaw are the first to break through the gum. After 1-1.5 months, lateral incisors and upper anterior teeth grow. After them, lateral incisors are cut on the lower jaw (2 pcs.). After them, the turn comes to the lateral chewing teeth, and they appear in this order: the back teeth are cut first, and then the penultimate ones.
This scheme is considered average and generally accepted. As a rule, at 2 years of age, a child should already have 20 teeth in his mouth. Remember that the speed and sequence of teething is different for babies under 12 months of age. There is no perfect pattern that fits all children. But if the teething process is delayed, you should still visit the doctor's office.
There are cases in dental practice when a child is born with several teeth that have already erupted. This is not some kind of deviation or disease, provided that milk teeth do not cause any discomfort during breastfeeding and are firmly fixed in the baby's mouth. In the absence of symptoms indicating a violation of the vital processes of the body, these teeth are left.
Indigenous
The sequence of eruption of molars, which replace the milk ones, looks something like this:
- small molars appear on the upper jaw at the age of 12-18 months;
- almost immediately after them, small molars are cut from the baby's gums on the lower jaw;
- the canines make their way through the gum tissue a little later, at about 16-22 months - the upper, and at 17-22 - the lower canines;
- the second molars on the lower jaw appear at about 20 months of age;
- the final stage of eruption is the second upper molars, which appear already in adulthood (18-20 years).
Along with the appearance of the first teeth in the baby's mouth, parents have to deal with many unpleasant symptoms. Sometimes they do not cause serious problems, and sometimes the child suffers very much during the teething period. How to recognize when a child's teeth are starting to cut?
Characteristic symptoms of eruption
This period cannot be called easy for parents and baby. If, when the bite changes, the painful symptoms are not very pronounced, then with the appearance of milk teeth, serious problems arise. It is worth noting that the first symptoms of eruption can be noticed even before the start of the process itself. These are reddening of the gums, a bad mood in a child, moodiness, increased salivation and other phenomena unusual for a baby. In this case, the child is constantly trying to chew on something or take it into his mouth. Regardless of the age at which the first teeth appear, symptoms appear 1-2 months before.
These symptoms include:
- heat. Often, a thermometer shows a temperature of 37-39 degrees, but after a few days it usually returns to normal on its own. Otherwise, if the temperature does not subside, it is imperative to call a doctor;
- cough. As a rule, it appears due to increased salivation. The child's cough is moist and rare, and may worsen slightly when lying down. It passes by itself in 2-3 days. If the cough that appears is of a different nature, then it is not associated with teething;
- constipation or diarrhea is quite common during the growth of the first teeth. Strengthening of intestinal motility occurs due to increased salivation. This leads to problems with the baby's intestines. Both constipation and diarrhea can manifest on their own in turn or together;
- The formation of a characteristic rash on the neck, chin and cheeks is another symptom of teething. As a rule, increased salivation is also the cause of the rash;
- runny nose in a child;
- slight bleeding of the gums. It occurs with intensive tooth growth.
On a note! The above symptoms appear in all children during teething, and this does not depend on the age of the baby.
How to help a child
There are many different medications available to help relieve teething symptoms. Most often, an anesthetic gel or ointment is used for this purpose, the regular use of which helps to reduce pain, gum inflammation and discomfort. Below are the most common medications used to relieve teething symptoms.
Table. Drugs to help relieve symptoms.
Name of the drug, photo Description
Anti-inflammatory drug produced in the form of a gel. Lidocaine acts as an active ingredient, which is why the gel has an analgesic effect. In rare cases, Calgel can cause allergies.
It has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect on the body. The drug is applied to the painful areas of the baby's gums, which allows the pain to be eliminated as soon as possible. The disadvantages of this drug include increased salivation.
Another drug used to relieve symptoms. Regular use can relieve inflammation and reduce gum pain. The preparation contains exclusively natural ingredients, but despite this, Baby Doctor is capable of causing an allergic reaction. If this does happen, then the child should be immediately taken to the pediatrician. If the patient's body does not tolerate lidocaine, this remedy is suitable for them.
Available in gel form. The drug has antiseptic, regenerating, anti-inflammatory and anesthetic properties. As with most of these drugs, lidocaine acts as an active substance. Recommended for children from 3 months.
Children's homeopathic medicine used in dental practice to relieve the symptoms of teething. It is produced in the form of tablets, so for too young children you need to dissolve them in warm water and give the baby a drink. Older children need to suck Dentokind's pill.
An effective remedy to facilitate teething. Available in gel form. The drug does not lead to side effects, therefore it is absolutely safe. Pansoral contains natural ingredients, so doctors recommend using it even for babies. You can also relieve symptoms using other methods, including various decoctions of medicinal plants and teethers. In any of the city's pharmacies, you can buy teethers - special toys for children made of wood, latex, silicone and plastic. Such products can be produced in different shapes, colors and sizes. Many of them have special functions.
Dentists recommend purchasing teethers with a special hole through which the medicinal gel can be injected. This will increase the effectiveness by spreading the drug over the affected areas of the baby's gums. You can also find toys filled with water. Before giving them to your child, teethers with water need to be chilled a little in the refrigerator. Leave it there for 5-10 minutes - that will be enough. This manipulation will relieve pain, itching and irritation in the gums.
A decoction of chamomile copes well with unpleasant symptoms. To prepare it, you need to pour 1-2 tbsp. l. plants with boiling water and leave for 40 minutes. Moisten a sterile dressing with the prepared product and treat the baby's gums. You can also give him this broth to drink, 1 teaspoon per day. You can use sage instead of chamomile.
Remember to massage your gums regularly. This can be done with your fingers, using a fingertip brush or a toothbrush with a retainer. All movements should be smooth and accurate. Before the procedure, be sure to wash your hands with soap and water.
Do not use any alcohol-based hand disinfectant before massage.
Video - In what sequence do the teeth come through
A newborn is born with embryonic tooth rudiments: and sixteen, which can be seen on an X-ray.
Children's Teeth Growth Chart is averages documented from babies around the world.
They depend on genetic properties, climatic zone, characteristics of pregnancy, infant health, nutrition.
Symptoms of a teething dentition in an infant
Temporary teeth begin to appear in the first year of life.
The main manifestations associated with most babies are:
- the gums of the alveolar ridge are sensitive, swollen, through them a whitish tubercle is clearly visualized;
- increased salivation is manifested by profuse salivation, sometimes rashes on the chin, neck, chest from irritation with saliva;
- appetite suffers, weight gain may decrease to minimal levels or be completely absent;
- sleep in infants is anxious, restless due to constant itching and soreness;
- children are whiny, prone to whims, pulling hands, objects into their mouths, trying to bite.
By the age of two or three, the second premolars (molars) come out.
To facilitate orientation in the timing of the appearance of milk teeth, a special formula is used, which is also very approximate:
- B - 6 = K, where
- V- pronounced age of the baby in months;
- TO- how many teeth should erupt in a baby by this age.
According to this value of the difference, the average one and a half year old child has 18 - 6 = 12 teeth.
Norms and violations
There is no strict sequence, there is no specific time frame for the appearance of a particular tooth: everything is purely individual, however, there are conditions that indirectly declare the presence of any disease.
- The delay in the appearance of teeth by more than three to five months is alarming in relation to:
- rickets;
- infections;
- diseases of the digestive system;
- violation of metabolic processes in the baby's body.
- Too early - 2-2.5 months before the generally accepted rate, eruption may be the result of a malfunction in the child's endocrine system.
- Violation of the sequence of the appearance of teeth - may be the result of a pathologically proceeding pregnancy.
- The reasons for the violation of the natural development of the tooth - its size, shape, location, color, the formation of enamel defects - are analyzed and corrected by a specialist.
Rarely, but abnormal eruption occurs, in which teeth appear already in the prenatal period: the baby is born with teeth in the mouth.
How to help a child with painful sensations
There are many techniques and remedies available to relieve teething itching and pain in children. The effectiveness of each of them is individual, it is not easy to find for a particular child, but it is quite possible:
- Rings specially designed for children with liquid or gel filling to help reduce local manifestations. The disadvantage of these funds is the need for their constant cooling.
- Specially designed orthodontic models are preferred among silicone or latex pacifiers. By biting them, children calm down the swelling, while there is no negative effect on the bite, the growth of teeth.
- Gently massage the gums with your finger or with a fingertip brush. Using this method, they not only relieve itching and anxiety, but also maintain proper oral hygiene and teach you how to take care of your teeth.
In severe cases, they resort to local pain relievers, relieving itching, cooling medications:
- Dentinox (Germany)- a combination of chamomile flower extract and soothes pain and inflammation. Release form - drops, gel.
- Kalgel (Poland)- anesthetic lidocaine in combination with an antimicrobial agent, the drug has a sweet taste. Unlike other gels with lidocaine, it can be used up to 6 times a day.
- Mundizal (Germany)- antimicrobial, cooling analgesic agent in the form of anise-scented gel.
- Baby Doctor First Teeth (Israel)- herbal preparation, contains extracts of calendula, marshmallow root, plantain, chamomile, echinacea. It is tasteless, odorless, hypoallergenic. It has analgesic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. The multiplicity of application to the gums is not limited.
- Dantinorm Baby (France)- a complex homeopathic oral solution containing only natural ingredients. Relieves inflammation, relieves pain, restores digestive function.
- (Switzerland)- adhesive dental paste, when applied adjacent to the gum and remains on it for up to 5 hours. It has a quick local analgesic effect, enhancing the nutrition of the gums, and accelerating regeneration.
Principles for using dental gels to relieve teething symptoms:
- observe thorough hand hygiene when rubbing the medicine into the child's gum;
- it is necessary to apply funds only for pain, in the absence of symptoms, the medication is not used;
- most gels are used three times a day, no more than three days in a row;
- if it is possible to avoid applying the medication, they prefer to refuse to use it.
The choice of a drug for the removal of local manifestations during the eruption of milk teeth is carried out, taking into account the recommendations of a pediatrician or pediatric dentist.
Video on the topic
In children, it is not entirely accurate. These are rather average rates in the order of which the teeth grow.
In reality, the order of growth can be completely different. The article describes what symptoms occur with the growth of milk teeth in children, whether the sequence is so important and what misconceptions exist about their appearance.
Many parents believe that teeth should be cut exactly at the time specified by the doctor. In fact this is not true.
They can be very different from those in the table. Pediatric dentists say that teeth can appear after six months from the average period, or, conversely, earlier.
On average, the first tooth appears in children aged 6 to 8 months. If the baby is developing very quickly, then growth can begin at 3 or 4 months.
Girls usually develop much faster than boys, so their first tooth can appear very early. On average, a 12 month old baby already has several teeth.
If the baby is already a year old, and the teeth still do not grow, then this may be due to several reasons. First, genetics greatly influences eruption.
If the parents and other relatives have their first tooth late enough, then the baby is likely to have the same. Calcium deficiency (rickets), which occurs in some children, also greatly affects growth.
In addition, the hormonal background and the work of the endocrine gland affect the eruption. If any of this does not work correctly or is broken, then the first cutter appears later.
Another problem may be in the improper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract or edentulous, when there are no rudiments for the teeth.
Parents are especially worried about the order in which their teeth will grow. This is also quite individual and depends on the physiology of the child. But, nevertheless, there are some rules that work in most cases.
For example, if the first incisor has grown, then the second will soon appear behind it. Teeth, which have the same name, most often come out simultaneously or separately, but with a slight delay.
Sometimes a baby can grow several teeth at the same time.
In the approximate table, which the doctors compiled, first there are incisors in the center, then the lateral ones.
After them, the molars come out, behind them canines and second molars. Although quite often the canine grows last, since it takes a very long time to form.
Most often, the first incisor crawls out on the upper jaw. In some cases, this may indicate rickets, but most often this is another feature of the child's body.
It happens that on top there is already almost the entire set of teeth, but not a single one below. You shouldn't worry about this either - the child will have lower teeth, but later.
If the problem is very worrisome, then you can see a doctor. In some cases, the delay is associated with a lack of calcium: you just need to introduce more fermented milk products into the diet.
When a child is three years old, he already has all the milk teeth. The upper and lower jaw should have 10 teeth - 5 on each side, that is, there are 20 in total.
It should be remembered that the timing and order of tooth growth in children is extremely approximate, so there is no need to worry about delay or too early appearance.
When teeth appear, the child does not feel very well. The fact is that their appearance is stress for the child's body.
Usually children during this period feel tired, weak and unwell. Some babies sleep poorly at night. Sometimes the child does not want to lie in the cradle at all, preferring only his hands.
Another symptom of eruption is profuse salivation.
Since the mouth is very small, and the child has not yet learned how to regulate the amount of saliva, severe salivation is possible.
If salivation is observed in large quantities, then this may indicate irritated gums, from which a tooth is about to crawl out.
In addition, the baby has a slightly elevated temperature. It should be remembered that if it has risen to 37.5 degrees, then this is a completely normal situation.
However, if the value on the thermometer is higher than 38, then this indicates an inflammatory process in the mouth.
When babies begin to cut their first teeth, their immunity is greatly weakened, which means that any infection can provoke inflammation. In this case, you should consult a doctor.
You may also experience diarrhea, regurgitation, etc. These are also quite normal signs of eruption. They are explained by the fact that a large amount of saliva enters the pharynx, and then into the stomach.
As a rule, stool disturbances last 3-4 days, after which they end.
However, if the discharge is bloody and very frequent, then this is a reason to consult a doctor. In this case, it is possible to enter any infection into the gastrointestinal tract due to weak immunity.
In addition, many people notice a runny nose in children before teething. This is explained by the fact that saliva enters not only the throat, but also into the nasopharynx.
In this case, transparent snot may appear. If they are green or with a yellow tinge, then this may indicate an infection that has entered the body. Then you need to see a doctor.
Gum itching is a symptom that occurs in a large number of children. In this case, the baby begins to gnaw on various objects.
To prevent an infection from entering the child's body, you need to disinfect the toys well and choose the softest and most comfortable ones, without sharp parts and corners.
In no case should you give a lump of sugar or a spoon, since the baby can scratch the gums.
Do not think that a child will have a tooth a day after the onset of symptoms.
You should know that cutting is a rather long process, because first the tooth must pass through the bone, then through the gum tissue. Its imminent appearance is indicated by the formation of a whitish bubble, from which it must crawl out.
If the child refuses to eat during this period, then this is completely normal and is explained by the fact that the gums are inflamed, and any touch to them can cause discomfort.
However, this does not mean that you do not need to clean the baby's mouth. It is recommended that you massage the soft tissues with a toothbrush and give your child more water.
A small rash may appear on the skin around the mouth. Most often this is due to uncontrolled drooling. Sometimes a rash appears on the cheeks or neck.
If an infection has been brought into the mouth, then stomatitis may appear in the form of small ulcers on the mucous membrane.
Sometimes it is difficult to determine the state of the baby's mouth, because the child may not allow it to be done. During this period, it is very easy to bring an infection into the child's body, since the immunity is significantly weakened.
Teething myths
Currently, there are many misconceptions about what should be the order of the growth of milk teeth in children.
Despite the fact that there is a certain diagram drawn up by doctors, it is not accurate. Many factors can affect teething, and the growth rate of primary teeth in young children can vary.
Parents are also convinced that eruption is certainly accompanied by a runny nose, stool disorders, etc.
In some cases, they may not be there, if the child has already begun to form its own immunity.
If the baby does not yet have his own antibodies (at first, the children develop immunity from the parent), then he may have a fever, etc.
Some people think that you should not give a pacifier during the appearance of teeth, as it can ruin the bite. This rule is true, but only for permanent teeth that appear when the child is over 6 years old.
Many people believe that it is not possible to brush milk teeth so often, since they will change anyway. Unfortunately, this is the mistake of many parents.
Contrary to the common misconception, it is still necessary to clean the first teeth, since their condition affects the appearance of a permanent tooth.
If you do not teach the child to take care of his oral cavity in time, then the next teeth may simply not grow.
Oral hygiene should be monitored even in young children before the first incisor appears. First, the mouth is cleaned with a silicone fingertip, and then they are taught to brush their teeth with a normal brush.
In addition, you need to visit a pediatric dentist, starting with the appearance of the first tooth. When the baby has the entire set of incisors, canines and molars, you need to visit the doctor regularly, once every six months.
Many more parents believe that the child does not need to use a special paste. This is an absolutely wrong decision, since the toothpaste for children does not contain strong chemicals and is suitable for the first teeth, which are not very strong.
In addition, adult cleaning products can irritate children's gums.
You also need to know that the taste of pasta is very important for children - it is necessary that it does not cause negative emotions in him, then the child will brush his teeth more willingly.
There is a misconception about decayed deciduous teeth. Many people believe that they should not be treated, but rather removed immediately in order to accelerate the growth of permanent ones.
You need to know that pulling out a new tooth will not appear faster. Moreover, removal can damage the rudiments of the next tooth. It is for this reason that doctors try not to remove milk teeth.
Any mother is looking forward to the first tooth of her little one, so it is interesting for almost all parents to know in what sequence the milk teeth will erupt. In addition, knowledge about how teeth climb is also important for assessing the correct development of a baby, because, having noticed any violations, dental problems can be prevented in time.
Timely erupted teeth are one of the indicators of the correct development of a child.
Teething rules
- Infant teeth usually appear in pairs. When a mother notices one new tooth in a baby, she needs to expect that his “brother” of the same name will appear in the near future. It happens that the crumbs are cut at the same time by 2 or 4 teeth.
- In most children, teeth first erupt on the lower jaw. For example, the lower central incisors appear first, and then the same teeth at the top. The same situation occurs with molars and canines, and only the lateral incisors climb differently (they are first cut at the top).
- The approximate number of teeth at a certain age is calculated on the basis of the following formula: "the age of the baby in months minus four." She suggests that On average, children have two teeth at 6 months of age, and all twenty teeth by the age of 24 months.
For the opinion of Dr. Komarovsky about the first teeth and all the problems arising from their appearance, see the video:
Symptoms
Although teething is a physiological and natural process, it still puts a strain on the child's body, causing discomfort and such manifestations:
- Increased salivation.
- Decrease in appetite up to complete refusal of food.
- The tendency to pull various objects into the mouth and gnaw them due to itching in the gums.
- The appearance at the site of eruption of swelling, redness and swelling.
- Moodiness and irritability due to pain and itching.
- Disturbed sleep.
Restless sleep is a sure sign that soon the first tooth will come out of the crumbs.
In some babies, others are added to such symptoms:
- Increased body temperature (in most cases within + 37 + 37.5 ° C).
- Runny nose and cough from excess saliva.
- Slight liquefaction of feces.
- Skin irritation on the chin and chest.
With teething, a subfebrile temperature can be kept for several days.
Which teeth appear first?
The very first tooth that "hatches" in a baby is called an incisor. In most toddlers, it appears on the lower jaw, after which another incisor appears quite quickly nearby. These teeth have narrow crowns and are designed to bite off food. Most often, they erupt at the age of 6-8 months, although in some toddlers the first incisor begins to knock on the spoon at 3-4 months, and some mothers have to wait for the appearance of the first tooth only by the age of one year old.
In most cases, the first teeth look like this.
Eruption sequence
Although the order of appearance of milk teeth is only approximate and may differ for each individual child, parents should focus on the following sequence:
- The first teeth in most children, as we noted above, are central incisors, called "units" for their position in the dentition.
- Further they are supplemented lateral incisors, which are called "two".
- After the incisors, it is time to emerge first molars, which in the dentition are "fours".
- The next step is eruption of canines between lateral incisors and first molars so they are called "triplets".
- The last among the milk teeth erupt are "fives", which dentists call second molars.
The average time for the appearance of milk teeth in the table
The teething process of each new milk tooth it is individual for different children, however, if you look at the order and timing of the appearance of the first teeth in most children, you can see the average time frame for parents and pediatricians. Here is a table in which the average time for the appearance of teeth is noted, taking into account the sequence of their eruption:
In most children, the last milk teeth "hatch" by the age of 2-2.5 years.
When do baby teeth fall out?
The average time for the loss of milk teeth will be as follows:
- The central incisors begin to wobble and fall out at the age of 6-8.
- The prolapse of the lateral incisors is observed in children 7-8 years old.
- The period for the first molars to fall out is 9-11 years.
- Canines most often fall out between the ages of 9 and 12.
- Second molars stagger and fall out at 10-12 years of age.
The orthodontist, Ph.D. Svetlana Nikolaevna Vakhney:
The order of eruption of permanent teeth
The first among the child's permanent teeth appear "sixes", that is, teeth that are located in the dentition immediately after the second milk molars. They are called first molars, and milk molars are replaced by teeth called premolars. The first permanent molars erupt in children aged 6-7 years, and this happens, as a rule, before the first milk teeth fall out.
- At the age of 6 or 7, central incisors appear on the lower jaw.
- At the age of 7-8, the central incisors are cut in the child and in the upper jaw.
- The lower "twos" also cut through at the age of 7-8 years.
- The lateral incisors at the top are cut at 8-9 years of age.
- Canines grow on the lower jaw at the age of 9-10 years.
- Upper canines appear in children 11-12 years of age.
- The appearance of the first premolars in the upper jaw is observed on average at 10-11 years.
- The period for cutting the first lower premolars is 10-12 years.
- The second premolars at the top are cut in children aged 10 to 12 years, and in the lower jaw - at 11-12 years of age.
- Second molars come out at the bottom at 11-13 years old.
- The incision of the second molars in the upper jaw is noted at the age of 12-13.
- The third molars in both the upper and lower jaw are cut at the age of over 17 years.
Possible teething problems
The main problems that occur during teething are the violation of the timing of their appearance, as well as in the wrong sequence. In addition, since the appearance of new teeth lowers the child's immunity, the baby may develop:
- Caries
- Stomatitis
- Abscess (retropharyngeal)
Why can eruption be delayed?
If the baby has not yet had a single milk tooth by the age of one year, it is worth showing the child to the doctor and find out the reasons for this situation. They may include:
- The influence of a hereditary factor. If mom, dad or other close relatives erupted teeth later than average, then the situation will be the same for the baby.
- Lack of calcium, which also provokes rickets.
- Lack of hormones produced by the thyroid gland.
- Digestion problems and absorption of nutrients.
- Lack of tooth buds.
- Premature baby.
- The development of an infectious disease.
Advice to parents on what to do and how to behave during the teething period is given by the Union of Pediatricians of Russia:
Gaps between teeth
Milk teeth appearing in a child under 3 years old can be located asymmetrically or with gaps between them. This is a variant of the norm if the entire dentition has not yet erupted. As soon as it is fully formed, due to active chewing, all the teeth will fall into place. Further, by the age of 6-7, when the change of milk teeth begins, gaps will again appear between the teeth, since the size of the permanent teeth is much larger. The appearance of such gaps should not bother parents.