Incredible facts
We do not remember the internal organs until they bother us, although thanks to them we eat, breathe and walk.
Let's get acquainted with unusual facts that may amaze you.
Human intestine
The largest organ is the small intestine. It is four times the length of the average adult.
The normal human intestine contains about 1 kg of bacteria.
The Japanese have unique microbes in their intestines that help much it is better recycle seaweed used in the preparation of sushi than people of other nationalities.
Human heart
The human heart creates enough pressure to spill blood over a distance 9 m. No wonder you can feel your heartbeat well. This blood pump transports blood throughout the body quickly and efficiently through strong heartbeats.
The heart starts to beat from the fourth week after conception, and will not stop until the person dies.
A newborn baby has one cup of blood circulating. The circulatory system in an adult holds more than 4.5 liters of blood, which the heart pumps into all tissues in one minute. 75 times.
Although the heart weighs an average of 300 g, it pumps 2,000 liters of blood through the blood vessels every day.
The heart has its own electrical impulses, which means it works even outside the body, provided there is a sufficient supply of oxygen.
On the this moment your heart contains 5% of the total amount of blood, 20% of the blood goes to the brain and central nervous system, 22% goes to the kidneys.
Stomach acidity
The acidity of the stomach is so strong that it can dissolve the razor. However, you should not take this information too seriously and deliberately swallow a razor or other metal objects.
Hydrochloric acid, which is contained in the stomach, not only dissolves your dinner well, but is also able to dissolve many types of metals.
Blood vessels
It is estimated that in the human body, blood vessels stretch for 96,000 km For a visual representation, you can compare this distance with the distance around the globe, which is 40,000 km. That is, it is possible to expand all the blood vessels of one person in length around the Earth more than twice.
Human blood
Blood cells are constantly dying out and replaced with new ones. Leukocytes (white blood cells) live from several hours to several weeks, and red blood cells (red blood cells) live from 90 to 125 days.
It circulates through the body in the vessels only half of the blood. The other half are in spare blood depots. These "depots" include the liver, spleen and skin. The subcutaneous vessels contain 10%, the spleen 16% and the liver up to 20% of the total amount of blood.
About 46% of the blood is contained in "blood depots". If there is a need for blood replenishment, it is thrown out of the "depot" into the blood vessels in order to continue the normal activity of the whole organism. This happens, for example, with increased muscle work or blood loss. After the replenishment takes place, some of the blood is refilled in the skin, spleen and liver.
It was recently discovered that predisposition to different diseases depends on the blood group. Doctors have confirmed the studies of geneticists.
People with the first blood group predisposed to gastrointestinal diseases.
People with second blood group can suffer from rheumatic diseases, allergies, bronchial asthma, diabetes, heart disease.
People with third blood group more often than others suffer from pneumonia. They are susceptible to developing infections. In women, purulent mastitis, sepsis after childbirth, joint diseases and osteochondrosis are common.
People with fourth blood group suffer from colds, flu and other infections.
By inheritance, not only the predisposition associated with the blood group is transmitted, but also the diseases themselves. It can be intestinal infections, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, or chronic tonsillitis.
Japanese researchers found that the first blood group even affects on character person.
Stomach protection
You get a new stomach cloth every three to four days. These mucus-like cells form on the walls of the stomach and soon dissolve due to strong digestive acids. People who have an ulcer know how painful it can be without such a membrane in the stomach.
Lung area
The area of the human lungs is tennis court.
In order for the blood to be saturated with oxygen, the lungs consist of thousands of tiny branches of the bronchi. They, in turn, are filled with microscopic capillaries containing oxygen and carbon dioxide.
The large area of the lungs facilitates metabolism, and you always get the right amount of oxygen.
Woman's heart
A woman's heart beats faster than a man's. The reason for this is only that the mass of a woman's body, as a rule, is less than that of a man's.
However, this is not all. Male and female hearts can actually work very differently, especially when injured from a heart attack and other diseases. The treatment that works for a man's heart does not always work for a woman's heart.
The walls of the female heart in the left chamber prevail in characteristics with the same male walls in elasticity and subtlety. The more elastic the walls in the heart chamber, the less the likelihood of hypertensive diseases.
Another feature of the female heart is a greater likelihood of stress and mental illness than men.
In medical science, the reasons for the occurrence of diagnostic features cardiological diseases in women. For example, it is not known why the electrocardiographic examination is less reliable in women than in men.
Doctors have long been accustomed to believe that cardiovascular diseases are mainly manifested in men. Recently, however, statistics indicate that women suffer from similar diseases in a more severe form. The lethal outcome in such cases is 55% in women and 45% in men.
Liver function
Scientists count more than 500 various functions of the liver. We are accustomed to remembering the liver only after alcoholic intoxication. But the liver is one of the most hardworking and largest organs.
Here is a list of just a few of the liver's primary uses: bile production, red blood cell degradation, plasma protein synthesis, and detoxification.
Blood on average passes through the liver in volume 1,500-2,000 l per day .
Also, the liver is temperature balance in the human body, which keeps the temperature within 37 ° C.
In an intrauterine child at 8-10 weeks, the liver has weight half of whole fruit.
The liver regularly occurs thousands of chemical reactions. It is called a filter or a chemical plant, since the liver cleanses our body of toxins and toxins, and also produces substances necessary for life. From 18 to 20 o'clock, the liver most actively removes harmful substances.
Without the liver, we would get very strong poisoning even from milk or water.
It is difficult to meet a person who has a healthy liver by the age of 35-40 due to stress, ecology, malnutrition, and various medications.
If a person expresses negative, then the liver suffers. If we carry this negative in ourselves, then its cells suffer even more. Therefore, many doctors assure that you need to have self-control, not to keep evil in yourself, to learn to forgive and control your emotions.
Aorta facts
The aorta is almost as wide as garden hose. Considering that an adult heart is almost the size of a fist, the size of the aorta is quite impressive.
In fact, the arteries must be large enough, because they are the main supplier of oxygenated blood to the rest of the organs.
Human lungs
Our left lung is smaller than our right. This nature has created so that there is where to fit the heart. Both lungs are similar in shape to each other.
It passes through your lungs every day 10,000 l air.
The average adult does per day 23,000 breaths and breaths.
If alcohol is abused, proteins that protect the function of lung tissue will be destroyed. This process is called "alcoholic lung".
A person living in a city for 60 years needs to cope with 0.1 g of metals, 200 g of harmful chemicals and 16 g of dust.
95% of people who died of lung cancer smoked 40-20 cigarettes a day.
Substances that have anti-cancer effects are called isothiocyanates. By consuming vegetables containing isothiocyanates (broccoli, Chinese cabbage) at least once a week, you reduce the risk of lung cancer by more than 30%.
The number of people suffering from bronchopulmonary diseases, doubles every decade. Urban residents have a higher risk of contracting these diseases than rural residents.
Vitality of man
If most of the internal organs are taken from a person, then he will survive. The human body may seem fragile, but it will live even if the stomach, spleen, 75% of the liver, 80% of the intestines, one kidney, one lung and genitals are removed.
Interesting fact! Phineas Gage, a 25-year-old worker, was excavating in the United States and had an accident. When a dynamite stick exploded, a heavy metal rod 109 cm long and 3 cm in diameter flew out.It stuck into Phineas's cheek, knocking out a tooth, and then went to the flight through the skull and brain.
Surprisingly, Gage did not die instantly. Then he lost a tooth and an eye. Soon he fully recovered, retaining their mental faculties, speechlessness and complete control over the body.
Adrenal Facts
The adrenal glands (paired endocrine glands) change in size throughout our lives. The adrenal glands, located above the kidneys, are responsible for production of stress hormones(cortisol and adrenaline). In the seventh month of the fetus, these glands are about the same size as the kidneys.
At birth, the adrenal glands become smaller and will continue to do so for all life. When a person reaches old age, the glands are so small that they can hardly be seen.
Both adrenal glands are composed of the medulla and the cortex.
They regulate the concentration of several substances in the blood and metabolic processes.
Adrenaline, which is secreted by the adrenal glands, signals danger to the human body. This causes your breathing to accelerate, blood flow, and your heart beat faster. Adrenaline is released into the blood in order to prepare for danger or run away from it.
The heart is essential because it provides blood flow. The bloodstream carries nutrients and oxygen to every organ and tissue cell. For any system to function, cells need nutrients, their delivery and blood carries them. Also, with the blood flow from the cells, the outflow of carbon dioxide and toxic decay products is carried out.
The heart has two atria and two ventricles. From the left ventricle leaves the aorta, through which oxygenated blood, thanks to heart contractions, flows to all cells of the body. Arteries branch out to the smallest capillaries, in which exchange takes place nutrients on the products of cell activity, the capillaries are collected in the veins and through the vena cava blood enters the right atrium. From the right ventricle, venous blood through the pulmonary artery enters the lungs, where it is saturated with oxygen and enters the left atrium through the pulmonary vein.
When the heart stops, the blood flow stops, and the cells of the body do not receive oxygen, thanks to which oxidation and metabolism occurs, as a result, cell death occurs. Cells of various tissues are differently sensitive to oxygen starvation, the nervous tissue needs oxygen most acutely, without it, neuronal death is noted within 7-10 minutes.
The uniqueness of the heart muscle is that it is equipped with its own autonomous apparatus, in which impulses are generated that provide a rhythmic contraction of the heart. Thus, an impulse from the brain is not required for the myocardium to work, the heart beats even with paresis of the whole body.
central nervous system
The brain and back are also important human organs. With the help of the central nervous system, all processes occurring in the body are regulated. The spinal cord is responsible for the innate reflexes, with the help of which the newborn is nourished, the bowel is emptied and Bladder etc. The brain is responsible for acquired skills: from the elementary ability to hold a spoon in your hands, to complex thought processes.
The brain can be called the main organ, because a person thinks and is aware of himself, thanks to him. The processes of memory, thinking, perception take place in the brain. This organ also analyzes all the information received from the receptors of the skin, muscles, etc., then sends back impulses that provide a response to any irritation. The central nervous system provides the instinct for self-preservation, humoral regulation and other vital processes.
The human body is characterized by the fact that all its constituent parts are inextricably linked.
The functioning of one organ is impossible without others.
The human body is a unique mechanism, harmonious, brought to perfection by nature.
Everyone needs to have knowledge about their structure, this will help in any field of activity and everyday life.
Human structure
The structure of the human body is quite complex, it has many features and characteristics. People are unique primarily in that they are able to carry out higher nervous activity, that is, they have intelligence. There are several systems that ensure the smooth functioning of the human body.
Internal arrangement of organs
Internally, the structure of the human body is those organs that perform various important functions. They are separated from the external environment by the skin. Some examples are the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, kidneys, and others. 
External structure
Outwardly, a person has a head, neck, upper and lower limbs, and a trunk. The latter has a back, chest and abdomen. 
Body systems
All organs are collected in separate systems, which helps in the classification and systematization of the human structure. This makes it easier to learn about structures and their functions in the body. The following systems are distinguished:
- Musculoskeletal system is responsible for the movement and acceptance by the body of any possible position in space. The system consists of the skeleton, ligaments, tendons, muscles.
- The cardiovascular system responsible for the transport of blood throughout the body. This provides the tissues with oxygen and nutrients.
- Digestive tract absorbs vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats and carbohydrates from food. This is necessary to generate energy, without which it is impossible to perform any action.
- Respiratory system organs remove carbon dioxide, saturate the blood with oxygen, which is carried throughout the body.
- Nervous system it can be central and peripheral, is responsible for the functioning of the whole organism, collects information from the outside world, processing it.
- Endocrine glands are responsible for maintaining homeostasis inside a person.
- Genitals responsible for reproduction, urinary organs - for the removal of biological fluids.
Also, the skin is separately allocated, which protects the insides from unfavorable external factors, is responsible for the aesthetic function.
Central nervous system and brain
The human central nervous system is the brain and spinal cord. The main thing for which these structural formations are responsible is the formation of reflexes, mental activity, mental functions, motor and sensory sensitivity.
The main organ of our body is the brain. It is located in the cranium, has a complex structure. Schematically, 3 sections can be distinguished: hemispheres, cerebellum, pons. The brain processes the information that a person receives from the environment, thereby forming response impulses. Thanks to him, people are able to think, understand speech, experience emotions, carry out any activity, both mental and labor. 
From the brain originate nerve trunks, which branch into smaller branches throughout the body, which provides the collection of information from the outside world.
Chest organs
There are a number of vital formations in the chest cavity. One of the most important is the heart. It is located almost in the middle of the chest, localization is located behind the middle third of the sternum. The size of the heart is equal to the size of the hand clenched into a fist.
Muscle tissue is very powerful, the cells are interconnected by bridges, forming something like a canvas. This structure provides electrical conduction and contraction of the heart. The organ provides blood circulation, receiving venous blood from the vessels, saturating it with oxygen, turning it into arterial. The latter, through heartbeats, ensures the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to all human systems and organs. 
Also in the chest are the bronchi and lungs. The latter are paired organs, they occupy most of the space of a given cavity. Each lung consists of large lobes: the left of 2, the right of 3.
The share is divided into smaller formations, in the structure of which there are alveoli - special bubbles that carry out gas exchange. Alveoli saturate the blood with oxygen, ensure the elimination of carbon dioxide. These structures are formed by branching the bronchi.
The latter are large trunks that enter the lungs through the so-called gate, where they begin to divide into smaller formations. The bronchi, in turn, are the airways in humans.
Another organ located in the chest is the trachea. It originates from the larynx, from where it leaves below and passes into the bronchi.
In parallel, there is the esophagus, which has several anatomical bends; it itself is a muscular tube that provides the passage of the food lump for further digestion in the stomach.
In addition, in addition to the structures listed above, there are large vessels - the aorta, pulmonary arteries and veins. Also in the chest are lymph nodes, nerve trunks and another gland - the thymus, or thymus.
The latter is an organ of the immune system, which gradually atrophies with age. Persons over 16-18 years old have only the remains of the thymus.
Abdominal organs
The organs of the abdominal cavity ensure the digestion of food and the formation of fecal masses from its remnants. They are separated from the chest by a diaphragm. The organs of the chest cavity are as follows:
- Stomach- a hollow formation that originates from the esophagus. The stomach is responsible for the absorption of amino acids, it contains juice, which, in addition to the digestive function, disinfects the processed foods received.
- Then there is a transition to small intestine, consisting of 3 sections - the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. These organs are involved in the digestion of the food bolus, the absorption of amino acids and carbohydrates. Also, bile begins to form in the small intestine.
- Further is located colon... Its divisions are as follows: cecum with appendix, transverse colon, descending and sigmoid colon. The colon ends with the rectum. In this organ, the final absorption of nutrients and absorption of water takes place. Fecal masses are formed from food gruel, which are eliminated from the body through the anus, which ends in the rectum.
- Also in the abdominal cavity are liver,pancreas and spleen... These structures are responsible for metabolism, hematopoiesis, and bile exchange. The liver is located under the right costal arch, the pancreas under the left. The spleen adjoins the pancreas from below.
- In the lateral parts of the abdominal cavity there are kidneys which are paired formations. Above them are the secretory glands - the adrenal glands, which are very small in size. From the kidneys, the ureters depart, passing into the bladder. The main function is the formation of urine, which enters the bladder and is discharged outside.
In addition, in the abdominal cavity there are also large and small blood vessels, lymph nodes, nerve trunks and plexuses, and an omentum is also located here, which ensures the maintenance of all formations in their places. It also protects internal structures from traumatic effects.
Small pelvis
The organs of the pelvic cavity have their own characteristics. Here, males and females have their own distinctive features. Among the common - the presence of the bladder, urethra and rectum. The first is responsible for urination, the second for defecation.
Differences in women
In females, the uterus and ovaries are located in the small pelvis, which are connected to the first through the fallopian tubes. Also here is the vagina, labia, vulva, clitoris.
The organs form the female reproductive system, which are responsible for reproduction, hormone production, and pregnancy.
Differences in men
In men, the small pelvis contains seminal vesicles, the vas deferens, the prostate gland, the testicles, and the penis. These structures are responsible for the formation of sperm, reproduction, carry out the function of the endocrine glands, carrying out the production of male sex hormones.
Helpful information
Each person is unique and unrepeatable. In this case, various anomalies are often encountered - for example, a doubling of an organ, a change in its shape and size. It is surprising that this often remains unnoticed and does not in any way affect the state of health.
It is also important that when any of the paired organs is removed, another of this pair can take over its functions. And it almost always happens. In this case, the person himself will feel the same as before.
The body's potential and endurance are amazing, it is fragile and strong at the same time. Biological and medical scientists will have to figure out the answers to a large number of mysteries of the human body. Work in this area is ongoing.
As you can see, the structure of the human body is simple and complex at the same time. Researchers still cannot fully unravel all the secrets of the body. A person is able to carry out higher nervous activity thanks to the cerebral cortex, which is inaccessible to other biological species.
For these reasons, it is important for people to have at least a general understanding of their structure, which will help throughout their life path, especially when it comes to checking their own health.
It is extremely important to know the structure and location of internal organs. If you don't even study this issue thoroughly, then at least a superficial understanding of where and how this or that organ is located will help you to quickly navigate when pain occurs and at the same time react correctly. Among the internal organs, there are both the organs of the chest and pelvic cavity, and the organs of the human abdominal cavity. Their location, diagrams and general information are presented in this article.
Organs
The human body is a very complex mechanism, consisting of a huge number of cells that form tissues. From their individual groups, organs are obtained, which are usually called internal, since the location of organs in a person is located inside.
Many of them are known to almost everyone. And in most cases, until it gets sick somewhere, people, as a rule, do not think about what is inside them. Nevertheless, even if the scheme of the arrangement of human organs is only superficially familiar, when a disease occurs, this knowledge will greatly simplify the explanation to the doctor. Also, the recommendations of the latter will become clearer.
Organ system and apparatus
The concept of a system means a specific group of organs that have a relationship between the anatomical and embryological plans, and also perform a single function.
In turn, the apparatus, the organs of which are closely interconnected, does not have the kinship inherent in the system.
Splanchnology
The study and location of organs in humans are considered by anatomy in a special section called splanchnology, the study of the viscera. These are the structures that are found in the body cavities.
First of all, these are the organs of the human abdominal cavity participating in digestion, the location of which is as follows.
Next comes the genitourinary, urinary and reproductive systems. The section also examines the endocrine glands located next to these systems.
The brain also belongs to the internal organs. The head canal is located in the cranium, and the spinal canal is located in the spinal canal. But within the limits of the considered section, these structures are not studied.
All organs appear as systems functioning in full interaction with the entire organism. There are respiratory, urinary, digestive, endocrine, reproductive, nervous and other systems.
The location of organs in humans
They are located in several defined cavities.
So, in the chest, located within the boundaries of the chest and upper diaphragm, there are three others. This is a pelicard with a heart and two pleurals on both sides with lungs.
The abdominal cavity contains the kidneys, stomach, most of the intestines, liver, pancreas, and other organs. It represents the torso below the diaphragm. It includes the abdominal and pelvic cavities themselves.
The abdominal cavity is divided into the retroperitoneal space and the peritoneal cavity. The pelvic contains the excretory and reproductive systems.
To understand even more in detail the location of human organs, the photo below serves as an addition to the above. On it, on the one hand, cavities are depicted, and on the other, the main organs that are in them.
The structure and layout of human organs
The former have several layers in their tubes, which are also called shells. The inside is lined with a mucous membrane, which plays mainly a protective function. Most organs have folds with outgrowths and depressions on it. But there are also completely smooth mucous membranes.
In addition to them, there is a muscular membrane with circular and longitudinal layers, separated by connective tissue.
The human body has smooth and striated muscles. Smooth - prevail in the respiratory tube, urogenital organs. In the digestive tube, the striated muscles are located in the upper and lower sections.
In some groups of organs there is another sheath where the vessels and nerves pass.
All components of the digestive system and lungs have a serous membrane, which is formed by connective tissue. It is smooth, due to which there is a slight sliding of the insides against each other.
Parenchymal organs, unlike the previous ones, do not have a cavity. They contain functional (parenchyma) and connective (stroma) tissues. The cells that perform the main tasks form the parenchyma, and the soft skeleton of the organ is formed by the stroma.
Male and female organs
With the exception of the genitals, the location of the human organs - for both men and women - is the same. The female body, for example, contains the vagina, uterus, and ovaries. In the male, the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and so on.
In addition, male organs tend to be larger than female organs and therefore weigh more. Although, of course, it also occurs vice versa, when women are large, and men are small.
Dimensions and functions
As the location of human organs has its own characteristics, and their size. From small ones, for example, the adrenal glands stand out, and from large ones - the intestines.
As is known from anatomy and shows the location of human organs in the photo above, the total weight of the viscera can be about twenty percent of the total body weight.
In the presence of various diseases, the size and weight can both decrease and increase.
The functions of the organs are different, but they are closely interrelated with each other. They can be compared to musicians playing their instruments under the control of the conductor - the brain. There are no unnecessary musicians in the orchestra. Likewise, however, in the human body there is not a single superfluous structure and system.
For example, due to respiration, digestive and excretory systems, an exchange between the external environment and the body is realized. The genitals provide reproduction.
All of these systems are vital.
Systems and apparatus
Consider the general features of individual systems.
The skeleton is a musculoskeletal system that includes all bones, tendons, joints and somatic muscles. Both the proportion of the body and movement and locomotion depend on it.
The location of human organs of the cardiovascular system ensures the movement of blood through the veins and arteries, saturating cells with oxygen and nutrients, on the one hand, and removing carbon dioxide with other waste substances from the body, on the other. The main organ here is the heart, which constantly pumps blood through the vessels.
The lymphatic system consists of vessels, capillaries, ducts, trunks and nodes. Under low pressure, lymph moves through the tubes, ensuring the removal of waste products.
All internal organs of a person, the layout of which is given below, are regulated by nervous system, which consists of central and peripheral divisions. The main one includes the spinal cord and brain. The peripheral consists of nerves, plexuses, roots, ganglia and nerve endings.
The functions of the system are vegetative (responsible for the transmission of impulses) and somatic (connecting the brain to the skin and ADP).
The sensory system plays the main role in fixing the reaction to external stimuli and changes. This includes the nose, tongue, ears, eyes, and skin. Its occurrence is the result of the work of the nervous system.
The endocrine system, together with the nervous system, regulates internal reactions and sensations of the environment. Emotions, mental activity, development, growth, puberty depend on her work.
The main organs in it are the thyroid and pancreas, testicles or ovaries, adrenal glands, pineal gland, pituitary gland and thymus.
The reproductive system is responsible for reproduction.
The urinary system is completely located in the pelvic cavity. She, like the previous one, differs depending on gender. The need for the system consists in the removal of toxic and foreign compounds, an excess of various substances through the urine. The urinary system consists of the kidneys, urethra, ureters, and bladder.
The digestive system is the internal organs of a person located in the abdominal cavity. Their arrangement is as follows:
Its function, which logically follows from the name, is to extract and deliver nutrients to cells. The location of the human abdominal organs gives a general idea of the digestion process. It consists of mechanical and chemical processing of food, absorption, breakdown and excretion of waste from the body.
The respiratory system consists of the upper (nasopharynx) and lower (larynx, bronchus and trachea) sections.
The immune system is the body's defense against tumors and pathogens. It consists of the thymus, lymphoid tissue, spleen, and lymph nodes.
The skin protects the body from temperature extremes, drying out, damage and penetration of pathogens and toxins into it. It consists of skin, nails, hair, sebaceous and sweat glands.
Internal organs are the basis of life
The photo shows the location of human internal organs with a description.
We can say that they are the foundation of life. It is difficult to live without the lower or upper limbs, but it is still possible. But without a heart or a liver, a person cannot live at all.
Thus, there are organs that are vital, and there are those without which life is difficult, nevertheless possible.
In this case, some of the first components have a paired structure, and without one of them, the entire function is transferred to the rest (for example, the kidneys).
Some structures are capable of regenerating (this applies to the liver).
Nature has endowed the human body with the most complex system, to which it must be attentive and take care of what is given to it in the allotted time.
Many people neglect the most basic things that can keep the body in order. Because of this, it falls into disrepair ahead of time. Diseases appear and a person dies when he has not yet done all the deeds that he should have.
The human body is a rather complex "mechanism" where all the details are interconnected and work harmoniously. And to know the structure, as well as the location of internal organs, is simply necessary to understand at least the general processes that occur in the body, thanks to the precise work of each organ.
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classmates
This knowledge will help you to quickly navigate in case of pain, and to react correctly in a certain situation. This article will reveal the internal structure of human organs, as well as their functioning in a harmonious system of the human body.
Human anatomy, internal organs
Our body consists from a huge number of cells that form tissue. From separate groups, organs are obtained, which are called internal, because they are inside. Almost everyone knows many of them since school, in which the human body was studied in anatomy lessons and even in pictures.
Most begin to think about their inner "world" only after something inside them hurts. But even a superficial knowledge of the location of human organs and their functions in the body will greatly simplify the understanding of what is happening and will help to explain correctly with the doctor so that he can make the most correct diagnosis. Yes, and his further recommendations will not seem so abstruse and will become more accessible for your understanding.
Anatomy of single organs, location by zones
Each organ has its own structural features, auxiliary and main functions, as well as a certain localization. That is why the failure of one organic element often affects several other organs, which are part of a whole and well-oiled mechanism. And to make it better to understand and feel his body, a person needs to thoroughly study the location, as well as the work of his internal organs, and timely help the body cope with diseases or injuries in case of urgent need.
The female and male organisms include several main zones in which certain groups of organs are "completed".
They are subdivided as follows:
- Abdominal and thoracic regions.
- The area of the large and small pelvis.
Internal single organs that do not have grouping, are located between the main zones, or rather, in their intervals.
A general introduction can be started with thyroid gland, which is located below the larynx in the front lower part of the neck. This rather important element of the body in the process of life is slightly shifted down or in depth, but this is a completely permissible and normal phenomenon.
Another pronounced element that does not have a group formation is the diaphragm, located between the thoracic and abdominal regions. The main purpose of this organ is - expand the area of the lungs for free passage of air.
Chest and its components
The most important and permanent areas of the sternum:
- Heart.
- Bronchi.
- Lungs and thymus gland.
Heart is the main muscle of the human body and its "engine", thanks to which the entire human life system functions. It is an internal organ located on the left side of the chest between the lungs above the diaphragmatic zone. Its main task is to ensure the vital activity of the body as a whole by pumping the circulatory system. This is a kind of "blood hydraulic pump ", which constantly, in conjunction with other organs, ensures the supply of blood enriched with oxygen to other parts of the human body.
The shape of the heart muscle can vary from person to person. It depends on the lifestyle, age, gender and general health of each individual.
The pulmonary system, consisting of symmetrically located lungs, fills the main part of the chest from the collarbone to the diaphragm. Responsible for the breathing apparatus, the lungs in appearance have a conical elongated format and are reliably protected by the ribs, in that part of the chest where they are especially strong.
Bronchi are the form of a properly branched plant, the base of which is a stem emerging from the trachea and germinating in both lungs. The same functionality does not affect their visual symmetry. The right-sided organ, in contrast to the left-sided counterpart, is noticeably shortened and somewhat thickened. And there are also subspecies within the bronchial system:
- Segmental extrapulmonary.
- Lobar extrapulmonary.
- Bronchioles, which organically flow into the alveoli.
- Intra-pulmonary subsegmental.
Thymus or the thymus gland, an internal organ that is the main immunologist of the human body and is located in the posterior upper part of the sternum. Visually has a forked shape.
Abdominal organs
This cavity contains the following elements:
Stomach is a kind of food bag, which, having elastic muscle tissue, stretches as it fills. The location of the main food container is located under the diaphragm and is shifted slightly to the left. Although in case of malfunctions of this organ, pain is usually localized in the center. The main function of the stomach is the breakdown of food into nutritious and useful material with the help of gastric juice.
Liver is multifunctional and one of the most important organs of the digestive process. On top of that, it serves as a filtering mechanism and is located in the hypochondrium on the right side. The structure of the liver is uneven, two lobes, and its task is to protect the body from intoxication, as well as the regulation of intercellular metabolism and the production of cholesterol.
Pancreas produces enzymatic substances for the assimilation and digestion of food. Its location is the upper left part of the peritoneum, behind the stomach. It produces natural insulin, actively participating in metabolic processes.
Gall bladder a small but necessary organ for the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal system. Serves for the production of bile and is located in the abdominal cavity on the right side, having an ovoid shape. It plays a huge role in digestion, and if it malfunctions, you can feel discomfort in the form of vomiting, nausea, pain on the right side. The development of ulcers of the duodenum and stomach is also not complete without his participation.
Kidney are twin organs and are located in the abdominal cavity, performing a very important function in the urinary system. Located in the lower rear parts of the peritoneum, having a bilateral arrangement with some asymmetry and a slight difference in size. The right kidney is slightly smaller than the left one and is located slightly lower. The visual appearance of the kidney resembles a curved bean fruit.
Adrenal glands satellites of the kidneys are also located in the human abdominal cavity on both sides and perform a significant function in the endocrine and hormonal systems. They produce and inject more than two dozen hormones into the bloodstream, including adrenaline, corticosteroids, and androgens. Receiving impulses from the nervous system from the cortical and medullary substances that fill these organs, the adrenal glands help to correct the processes of inhibition and excitation in various disorders and stresses.
Spleen is the basis of the scheme of the immune system and hematopoiesis. It is located in the abdominal cavity in the upper left part of it and looks like an elongated oval.
Its functions:
- Protection of the human body from various infections.
- Improves metabolism.
- Generation of red blood cells and platelets.
Malfunctions, and, accordingly, pain signals associated with the work of the spleen are very rare.
Intestines, filling the lower abdomen, includes the presence of the small intestine, colon and appendix. The small intestine differs from the large intestine in its location and, accordingly, in diameter. A significantly shortened and thickened intestine, which includes the appendix process, is the final part, which removes the waste of the human body through the anus to the outside. Its localization, bending around the entire intestinal structure, is more straightened. The small intestine, which flows into it from the right side, is much more tangled and longer.
At the slightest nutritional disturbance, as well as the subsequent digestion of food by the human body, the intestine gives appropriate signals from its side. Insufficient work of the elements of the abdominal cavity before the waste enters the intestines is fraught with various manifestations such as flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, and discomfort in the lower abdomen. A significant indicator in the development of certain diseases is the muscle tone of the walls of the esophagus and intestines.
Internal organs of the large and small pelvis
The genitourinary system of the body is
bladder and reproductive system, which in the male body contains:
- The prostate gland.
- Seminal vesicles.
In the female body, the reproductive system contains:
- The ovaries.
- The uterus.
Bladder located behind the pubic bone in the lower pelvis. Main function this organ is the accumulation of urine and disposal of it through the urethra. Elastic muscle tissue, if content is present, stretches and, after emptying, contracts accordingly.
When the bladder is empty, it is located clearly behind the pubis, but if it begins to fill with urine, it grows upward and significantly changes its shape to ovoid. This organ can grow based on the individual characteristics of the organism, sometimes reaching the level of the navel. If there are "problems" in the work of the bladder, then there may be pain in the lower abdomen, as well as pain when urinating.
Uterus located in the middle area small pelvis over the bladder. It is the most elastic female organ, which is about seven centimeters long when at rest, and which can stretch during pregnancy to a considerable size. It is also the most mobile organ, due to the freedom inside the body near the uterine space, which allows the uterus to move when the intestines and bladder are filled.
In shape, it is a flattened pear rounded in the lower part (transition to the cervix) ... The main task of this body- continuation of the human race. The reservoir for carrying and forming a baby has a three-layer structure of the walls, which, due to their protective functions and muscle tone necessary for the birth process are also responsible for the supply of essential nutrients.
Ovaries exclusively female paired organ, which is responsible for childbirth. The main task of this organ is the maturation and formation of sex cells in women, although it also takes part in the production of steroid and sex hormones. It is located from the uterus on both sides and symmetrically in relation to it. The cyclical activity of the ovaries is determined by the monthly menstrual process, as a result of which the cellular complex developed for the fertilization of the egg is renewed.
Seminal vesicles are twin organs exclusively of the male body and are located in the lateral posterior region in the region of the bladder. They produce the necessary secret for the advancement and nutrition of spermatozoa, while having an excretory function. In the process of ejaculation, they play one of the main roles.
Prostate -male organ located in the front in the lower central region of the small pelvis just below the bladder. Its appearance resembles a chestnut tree with grooves in the center. The main task of this organ is the secretion of secretory fluid in the composition of sperm, which is rich in enzymatic substances and immunoglobulins. And also in a state of erection, it blocks the outlet of the urethra and participates in the process of ejaculation. Due to the intense contraction of its muscle tissues, the prostate gland promotes the liquefaction of sperm to enhance motility and the vital activity of sperm.
Conclusion
The human body is the object of constant experimentation and research. And the protection and preservation of their internal organs is the instinct of every living being. Unfortunately, we do not always treat our body with proper understanding and respect, leading an unhealthy lifestyle, having a lot of bad habits or burdening ourselves with hard physical labor. All this can be negative affect the work of certain organs and the entire internal system in the end. Therefore, the necessary knowledge on the location and functioning of vital internal organs will help you determine the cause of discomfort and help yourself in an emergency even before the doctor comes.
