How to brush teeth for a newborn. Hygiene rules for the little ones - how to brush teeth for children

Oral care is an essential component of dental health and the prevention of tooth decay. It is necessary to accustom to dental hygiene from early childhood, so that the process of morning and evening brushing becomes a habit for the child. Many parents do not know when to start brushing their child's teeth, they admit a situation that by 2-3 years leads to dental problems. Let's try to figure out how old a child should be to brush their teeth, how to carry out oral hygiene for a baby, and what brushes exist for children of different ages.

3 reasons why it's important to care for baby teeth

It is widely believed that the first milk teeth in children, even if they are not looked after, have no effect on permanent teeth. Therefore, you can brush your first teeth like that from 3 years old, when the child himself will be able to hold the brush. But this approach is completely wrong and even dangerous - a neglected oral cavity can lead to a wide variety of negative consequences.

1. Rapid spread of caries

The main dental problem in young preschoolers is caries. The carious process destructively affects the first teeth of the child and, in the absence of care for the tooth enamel, is able to move to the adjacent teeth. On average, every tenth baby 1.5-2 years old has one carious cavity.

2. The effect of bad milk teeth on permanent

Some moms and dads are of the opinion that it is not worth paying special attention and effort to milk teeth, because they will fall out anyway. This is a big mistake. Early destruction of the first teeth negatively affects the permanent ones, which will lead in the future to considerable problems with the teeth and the oral cavity in general.

3. Bad teeth are a source of infection

Carious cavities are an accumulation of pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria, in the mouth of a child, can cause endless illnesses. respiratory tract... The big danger lies in the fact that they are able to spread throughout the body and cause various ailments. It is morally and physically difficult to treat teeth in children under 5 years old, and it is much easier to prevent the problem with careful care of baby teeth.

Dentists agree that the care of baby teeth should be started from the very beginning of their appearance. In most babies, teething begins within 6-8 months. Only some babies delight their parents with their first tooth a couple of months earlier.

The first erupted tooth in a baby during feeding is subjected to an “attack” of carbohydrates, which are deposited on the enamel in the form of plaque. It must be removed in order to avoid the accumulation of soft deposits with bacteria. It is worth starting to care for a newly made tooth from the moment when it is completely cut through.

Important! Until the milk tooth has completely emerged from the gum, excessive care can harm - the inflamed area of the gum is very vulnerable and touching it will be quite painful for the crumbs.

Choosing products for the care of baby teeth

Starting to care for your baby's oral cavity while still in infancy, you can easily teach him to be hygienic and understand that it is necessary to brush his teeth. In order for the process to proceed easily and without discomfort, you need to know which method of plaque removal is optimal at a particular age.

Gauze bandage

For babies, it is most convenient to clean the first teeth with a gauze swab or a bandage wound around the mother's finger. You need to moisten the gauze with water and process each tooth. Gauze is good because it has a rough structure and easily removes sticky plaque.

Soft silicone brush

A transparent silicone brush that fits on your finger makes it easy to brush your baby's teeth. The brush has soft teeth that remove plaque. The silicone brush can be used without baby paste.

On a note! Babies at this age love to bite their mother playfully while cleaning. The silicone in the fingertip brushes is strong and able to “take a blow” on itself, protecting the parents' fingers from bites.

Children's toothbrush

Starting from 1-1.5 years old, it will be interesting for a child to get acquainted with a baby brush in the form of a funny little animal. On children's brushes there is a designation “1+”, for older children - “3+”. They are small in size (with a handle for a child's palm), have soft rubber bristles and a stop so that the baby does not accidentally choke on the brush. The baby brush should be used with baby paste.

Electric brush

An electric brush can be considered for children over 4 years of age. She teaches independence and arouses great interest in children. The electric brush has a stiffer bristle, cleans the enamel well and allows you not to worry about the result.

Note! Earlier use of the electric brush can harm children's enamel, because the speed of movement of the cleaning head is quite intense.

An important procedure - how to properly brush your child's teeth

You should brush your baby teeth twice a day using a suitable sized soft bristle brush. Until the age of 6-8 years, the process of cleaning teeth should take place under parental control; before this age, the child is not yet able to thoroughly clean his teeth.

The procedure for caring for baby teeth should include cleansing:

the inner surfaces of the chewing teeth;
inner surfaces of the anterior teeth;
the outer surfaces of the teeth;
light massage of the gums with the back of the brush.

The direction of the brush isn't really that important, whether you're brushing your baby's teeth up and down or in a circular motion. The main thing is to thoroughly clean each tooth from the inside and outside. After 4-5 procedures, you will already know how to properly brush your child's teeth.

You can find out exactly how many minutes children need to brush their teeth by the age of the baby - babies need to start with 0.5 minutes, gradually increasing the time. A child 1 year old and a little over a little over a minute. Children from 3 years old will need about 2-3 minutes for the procedure.

In no way: what to do if the child is against brushing teeth

Sometimes parents are faced with a situation where the child does not want to brush their teeth. Most often this occurs at the age of 1-2 years. Kids are enthusiastically ready to clean only the front teeth, and when it comes to the distant ones, the child does not allow brushing his teeth and tries in every possible way to interfere with the process. In such a case, try not to force, but to carry out the procedure in a playful way.

A funny game "For the company" - pretend to brush your teeth together with a little favorite toys, and you will see how, in turn, your baby will also substitute his mouth for brushing his teeth.
The family competition for brushing your teeth will motivate your child to win every day. After successful cleaning, you can give your baby a “prize” in the form of a sticker or other surprise.
The game “Find the hidden teeth” in front of the mirror will help. The child will look into the corners of his mouth with interest, while the mother will brush the distant teeth in the meantime.

The first teeth of a baby appear at about 6 months, and from this period, parents think about how to take care of them. Do I need to clean? What brush? At what age can a child be taught to use a brush on their own?Do not neglect oral hygiene for babies of any age. It is especially important to brush teeth for babies after the introduction of complementary foods.

If the baby has learned to spit out water, then it's time to teach him to brush his teeth

At what age to start?

All mothers face a problem: when to start brushing their child's teeth? Do not delay with this! Dr. Komarovsky recommends oral hygiene when the baby has 1 tooth. It would be nice even before that sometimes to clean the tongue and gums with a gauze bandage wrapped around your finger.

At six months of age, once a day is enough. From a year old, the child learns to cleanse twice: in the morning, after waking up, and in the evening before going to bed.

Almost all the causes of caries in babies lie, as they say, on the surface. Who of us has not seen how mom licks a nipple that has fallen to the floor and ground and gives it to the baby again? And who has not seen grandmother taking a sample from food on a spoon? If the child's teeth have not yet erupted, then with this nipple, the mother will carefully put Streptococcus mutans in the baby's mouth (and this is if the mother's teeth are in order!). If there is at least one tooth with pulpitis, then the nipple-courier will deliver staphylococcus or peptostreptococcus to the baby, and if the periodontium suffers, then various "cocci", mushrooms, Trichomonas are added. Having thus infected the baby's oral cavity, a whole chain of factors begins that contribute to the development of caries in young children. So the main rule in caring for a child's oral cavity is to start with ourselves!

Features of oral hygiene in children after a year

If the parents carry out the first procedures, at 12-18 months the child is already able to perform them independently. Several recommendations on how best to accustom the baby to this:

In a year, the child feels his "adulthood", seeks to imitate mom and dad in everything. It is important to seize the moment and offer to brush your teeth on your own, like parents, grandparents, older brother or sister, and start teaching you to toothpaste.
You should not leave the baby alone with the brush for the first time. First, you should make sure that the child has mastered cleaning correctly, rinsing his mouth thoroughly.
Parents control the amount of toothpaste the child uses (we recommend reading :). For toddlers, it is enough to squeeze out pea-sized pastes.

How to brush teeth for a one-year-old child? There is general rules developed by dentists:

The lower teeth should be cleaned from the bottom up, the upper ones - vice versa.
It is not enough to clean the teeth only in the front; it is imperative to clean the back surface of plaque, as well as the tongue.
Fragments of food often remain between the teeth. To remove food and prevent rotting and reproduction of pathogenic microbes, floss is suitable.

The personal example of the parents will become a habitual ritual of brushing teeth for the baby.

Up to 12 months, parents clean their teeth, then teach the child to be independent. When learning how to brush your teeth, you should follow simple rules:

Lead by example. If you brush your teeth in the morning and in the evening, the baby gets used to it and does not skip hygiene procedures in the future.
You can use toothpaste only when the baby learns to rinse out his mouth and spit out all the water without swallowing. You can come up with a fun game. Let the child be a fountain or a dragon that spits water instead of fire.
In addition to morning and evening procedures, the child should rinse out his mouth after each meal. You should not purchase special rinses, it is better to use plain boiled water.

It is important to be patient! Your child needs time to learn a new skill. Those children in whom the learning process aroused positive emotions learn faster.

Cleaning technique

Detailed instructions for baby and parents:

The brush should be rinsed with water from the kettle before use. Boil before first use.
Rinse mouth before cleaning.
The parents squeeze a small amount of the paste onto the brush (about the size of a pea).
The entire surface of the teeth is cleaned with correct vertical movements: from top to bottom for the upper jaw and vice versa.
To clean the chewing surface, the brush should be moved back and forth.
The gums and lateral surfaces are cleaned in a circular motion.
Each procedure takes at least 2 minutes! Otherwise, the teeth will not be cleaned sufficiently.
At the end, you need to rinse your teeth with boiled water several times.
Wash the toothbrush thoroughly.

Show your child how to brush their teeth properly

How to persuade a reluctant person?

What to do if the kid does not allow to brush his teeth, because not everyone can withstand a two-minute monotonous lesson. You need to pick up a "key" for the child. At first, the parents do the cleaning. Gradually, the baby will become interested in the process. Use what the baby is interested in.

To begin with, it is worth explaining to the child why brush his teeth. Pay attention to the fact that all people have to do this. To tell how unpleasant it is for teeth to be dirty, and how harmful microbes get in them from this. If the crumb still does not allow you to brush your teeth, you can use some tricks.

Cleaning clock

The hourglass will help you pass the time with interest. Children really like to watch the pouring sand, especially if it is colored.

On sale you can find sets: toothpaste or a brush and a watch with sand, which is poured in exactly 2 minutes - the time required to remove plaque. Such a device should be kept in the bathroom and controlled with its help the time of cleaning teeth.

Cartoons, fairy tales, books

On the Internet, you can find many cartoons for crumbs about brushing your teeth! It will be useful and interesting for children to watch and learn from the experience of the heroes. From Soviet cartoons, one can single out the tape "Bird Tari" - this is a story about a harmful crocodile that did not brush its teeth, and about a small bird that helped a large reptile to cope with the problem.

There are thematic books, rhymes, songs, nursery rhymes - you can actively use them to facilitate the learning process. The leader among fairy tales is Chukovsky's Moidodyr.

Toys

Does your baby have a favorite teddy bear or doll? So you need to "brush" their teeth! Let the baby take care of her pet first, and then of her own mouth. Toys will "thank" a caring kid for clean teeth.

You can use any: cars, dolls, soft toys - the main thing is that the baby is interested in it. It is good to purchase a brush in the form of a toy.

The kid will gladly agree to brush his teeth with his favorite toy, and then himself.

We clean together

Joint morning and evening procedures will surely teach your baby the rules of hygiene. The child can clean the teeth of mom, dad, and then the parents will brush him too.

To make it more interesting and fun, you can come up with simple prizes for good hygiene procedures. For example, you can give a tooth sticker to thank you for your concern, you can do this every day or once a week.

Why brush your teeth?

Of course, milk teeth change over time, but you need to take care of it as if it were permanent and you should start as early as possible (for more details, see the article :). It is important to keep your first teeth healthy because:

due to the temporary teeth, the child forms the correct bite and ensures the normal growth of molars;
teeth play an important role in the structure of the skull, with the growth of bones, facial features are formed;
poor care of the oral cavity leads to the multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, caries affects the teeth, and then the bacteria enter the baby's stomach and provoke diseases;
if caries on temporary teeth is not cured, the disease also affects the molars;
regular brushing of your teeth is one of the most important rules for the overall health of the body, it is important to remember this from childhood.

Healthy teeth are beautiful teeth. This is an important aspect of self-confidence. In addition, it hurts to treat teeth, and many babies are afraid of the dentist like fire. It is easier to prevent the problem and prevent tooth decay and other diseases. In some children, teeth appear as early as 3 months, and for some, the process is delayed until 8 - in any case, when teeth appear, parents should brush them regularly. A one-year-old baby can be entrusted with a toothbrush so that he can brush his teeth on his own only if the child has already learned to rinse his mouth.

The first teeth in children appear at the age of 6-9 months - 2 upper and 2 lower incisors, in some cases the first tooth occurs earlier, in other babies - closer to one year of age.

Before brushing teeth for a child under one year old, you need to know some rules:

The teeth must be cleaned 2 times a day: in the morning and in the evening, at the same time: this will help teach the baby to observe a hygienic regime.
It is necessary to brush not only the teeth, but also the gums, tongue and mucous membrane on the inner side of the cheek.
The gums are massaged with gentle circular movements, in the same way you need to process the inner surface of the teeth.
The front surface of the tooth is cleaned from the gum to the incisal edge.
A ball of pasta should be no larger than a pea in size.

The total time for brushing your teeth is 2-3 minutes, after which you need to rinse your mouth with clean, moderately warm water. A child aged one and a half years old should be taught to rinse his mouth after each meal.

When and how to start brushing your teeth?

Care of the gums and oral cavity is required from the first days of life: microorganisms accumulate on the mucous membrane of the cheeks and tongue, including the yeast-like fungus Candida, which provokes the oral cavity in children of the first year of life.

To clean the oral cavity of an infant up to one year old, you can use:

Gauze moistened with warm boiled water - can be used from the first days of life.
Special napkins that are worn on the finger. They are produced by different companies and come with different tastes and without. These wipes contain xylitol, a disinfectant that removes microorganisms from the oral cavity.
Soft silicone fingertip brushes can be used starting from six months: during this period, the tops of the incisors are shown, the gums around them are injured and the risk of infection is high, but the baby is still unable to hold the brush himself.
A children's toothbrush for self-cleaning will be needed when the baby is a year and a half.

There are special toothbrushes and toothpaste for children.

Toothbrush requirements

A toothbrush for children under one year old must comply with several rules:

The villi must be made of artificial fiber.
The bristle should be soft so as not to scratch the gums.
The handle for a child's toothbrush should be thick and curly to make it pleasant and comfortable for the baby to hold.
It is desirable that the handle is rubberized - with such a coating it will not slip out of your fingers.
The working surface should capture at the same time no more than two teeth, the length of the head is no more than 2-2.5 cm.

Brushes made from natural materials are categorically not recommended for use - pathogenic microorganisms accumulate in natural bristles, which then settle on the mucous membrane, causing and creating the risk of developing more serious diseases.

You can switch to harder brushes from 4-6 years old. There are also special requirements for toothpaste for children.

How to choose a toothpaste for a child?

Toothpaste for babies must obey the following rules:

It should not contain abrasive materials: enamel of milk teeth is easily erased and will be damaged by abrasive particles
There should be no preservatives in the paste for children of the first years of life., as well as components that create abundant foam: they dry out the oral cavity, provoke the development of allergies or the appearance of ulcers on the surface of the mucous membrane
Children younger age can swallow the paste, therefore, it is necessary to select products that do not contain fluorine
For babies who have not received the first complementary foods, there are special pastes with a milk flavor or without flavorings
For children who receive complementary foods, you can choose a pasta with a fruity taste

When buying a paste, you need to pay attention to its composition. If you have a tendency to allergies, you need to consult a specialist.

The opinion that it is not necessary to clean milk teeth is a mistake, since milk teeth are easily affected.

In addition, the presence of an infection in the oral cavity weakens the body and negatively affects the overall health of the baby.

The child should be taught to brush his teeth in a playful way in order to interest him:

It is better to perform the procedure at the same time in order to develop a habit.
In order to motivate the child, you need to present the learning process in a playful way.
You can brush your teeth with your children - so that they take an example from their parents.
To keep track of the time, you need to use an hourglass or music timer - this will help keep the child interested.

Brushing your teeth should be supervised by an adult. A child at the age of one and a half teeth must be cleaned with the hand of an adult, since the baby is not able to perform the hygienic procedure with sufficient quality.

Despite the fact that the baby's milk teeth are replaced with permanent ones, they also require careful care. Because caries milk tooth will negatively affect the indigenous one. Without proper care of the baby's teeth, infections and various diseases can develop in the oral cavity. Even if the baby is not yet receiving complementary foods, tooth decay can occur due to sugar in breast milk, lactose, or other ingredients in formula milk.

Regular and consistent brushing of your teeth will keep your gums and enamel healthy, maintain proper oral hygiene, and eliminate bad breath and yellow plaque from the gums. Let's take a closer look at when to start brushing your child's teeth. We will find out in more detail how to properly brush teeth for children.

At what age should children brush their teeth?

Dentists advise parents to brush their own teeth for children under six to seven years old, or at least control this process. You can teach your baby to brush his teeth after two to three years. But it is important that he does it efficiently. Therefore, supervise the child, help and, if necessary, brush your teeth. At the age of two to three years, teach your baby to rinse his own mouth after each meal. And by the age of nine, children should be using both a toothbrush and dental floss.

How to teach a child to brush their teeth

You can teach a baby to brush his teeth on his own as early as 1.5-2 years. It is important that the baby is comfortable to hold and use a toothbrush. And also so that the baby likes the taste of the toothpaste. The best way to teach a child something is by example. The baby loves to imitate an adult. Teach your baby from an early age to walk with you to the bathroom in the morning and evening, show you how to wash and brush your teeth correctly.

Introduce game elements into the process. For example, brush your teeth to the beat of a song or counting rhyme. Use interesting toothbrushes with characters from popular cartoons or fairy tales. Allow your child to take their favorite toy with them. And, of course, arrange a competition between adults and children who will brush their teeth faster. Be sure to teach your child to rinse the mouth after eating, and teach them to spit out water and paste after brushing.

Watch educational cartoons and programs with your baby, which will show and tell the baby in a playful way why you need to brush your teeth, and how to do it correctly. Visit your dentist. Going to a specialist is important for more than just keeping your teeth and gums healthy. Modern dental offices and clinics have a lot of interesting educational materials, models and tools, including for the smallest patients. An experienced specialist will tell the baby in an accessible way how and why you need to brush your teeth.

If your child refuses to brush his teeth, don't be discouraged and don't give up. Please be patient and keep trying to get your baby involved in this procedure. Try different hygiene products, change brushes and pastes. Turn a boring process into an interesting game, competition, use poems, songs and nursery rhymes in teaching.

Parents should pay due attention to the personal hygiene of the baby, including the care of the oral cavity. That is why the question of at what age children brush their teeth should arise in moms and dads long before they begin to erupt. And do not think that milk teeth do not need cleaning, because sooner or later they will still change. In fact, the health of molars largely depends on how well the oral cavity care was organized in early childhood.

When to start brushing your child's teeth

Some parents are of the opinion that cleaning is not necessary at all. In fact, they need to be as thoroughly cleaned and treated as permanent ones, since insufficient and untimely care can lead to the formation of caries, and in especially difficult cases - to pulpitis and periodontitis. Subsequently, all this negatively affects the formation of permanent teeth.

So at what age do children brush their teeth? This should start as early as possible, literally with the eruption of the first incisor. But the timing of the appearance of milk teeth varies from 4 to 10 months. After a year, fangs begin to erupt, and by the age of two, the baby already has a full set of teeth - as many as 20 pieces.

Hygiene basics, or pre-teething oral care

Many dentists recommend starting caring for the child's oral cavity even before the first baby teeth begin to erupt. This is a good prevention of candidiasis, or thrush, and besides, it will minimize the inflammatory process when the teeth begin to erupt. So at what age do children brush their teeth?

Children begin to clean their gums, not teeth, at about three months, that is, a couple of months before the start of their eruption. To do this, use a gauze swab. To clean the oral cavity, it is moistened in boiled water and immediately after eating, they wipe the inner surface of the cheeks, gums and tongue with it. And about once a week for the prevention of candidiasis and dental diseases, it is recommended to moisten a gauze swab in a weak soda solution.

First teeth cleaning

The earliest devices that parents use to clean newly erupted teeth were silicone fingertips. They are designed to massage the gums during teething and to clean teeth before introducing the first complementary food. Then another question arises: at what age can a child brush his teeth?

As soon as the baby begins to get acquainted with adult food, the first plaque forms on the enamel, which is food for caries and, accordingly, needs cleaning. Then you can buy a brush for your baby. However, the brush can be with silicone bristles and can also be worn on the finger. But the use of the paste is still categorically not recommended. For a one-year-old baby, it is enough to moisten the brush in boiled water and walk it over the surface of the teeth.

How to brush your teeth at 2 years old

When the child has been fully introduced to complementary foods and he begins to gradually move to the main table, boiled water used by parents to wet their toothbrush will no longer cope with so much plaque and food debris. Here, the question of at what age to start brushing a child's teeth should no longer be in front of parents. Two years is the deadline. And urgently and immediately. Otherwise, food debris that gets stuck between teeth that are tightly positioned in a row (and by this age there will be 20 of them in the dental row), will become food for caries.

That is why at 2 years of age, teeth need to be brushed with a special brush with toothpaste. Moreover, if a child from childhood was accustomed to brushing his gums, and then his teeth twice a day, then for him the new duty will not become a big problem and he will only do it with pleasure.

So, the child is 2 years old, and the task of the parents at this moment is to introduce him to toothpaste and teach him how to use the brush correctly. But if the answer to the question at what age children brush their teeth no longer arises, then another controversial point follows. What kind of paste to buy for a child - with or without fluoride? Can I use adult paste?

A two-year-old child is allowed to brush his teeth only with a specialized baby paste. Compared to an adult, it contains less abrasive substances, has flavoring and aromatic additives. In addition, enzymes, casein, xylitol and calcium are added to children's pastes, which improve the structure of the tooth and have a bactericidal effect. For children under 3 years of age, fluoride-free pastes are produced. The child can even swallow them without harm to their health.

Technics

The correct cleaning technique is as follows:

The procedure for brushing teeth in children is similar to that for adults. The brush is applied to the base of the teeth and sweeps upward. That is, brushing occurs from the gums to the edges.
Similar actions are repeated from the inside and outside, to the right and to the left. In this way, "sweeping" is necessary to clean all the teeth. In this case, the pressure on the enamel should be minimal. It is important not to damage your teeth or gums when brushing.
The chewing teeth should be brushed in a circular motion from the top.
During the cleaning process, do not forget about the tongue. It is cleaned with the back of a toothbrush, which is exactly what it is designed for.
To speed up the process, you can use At what age should you brush your child's teeth with such a device? From about three years old, before this age, you should not even try.

Choosing a toothbrush

Another important point concerns the choice of a toothbrush. The fact is that the brushes with which adults brush their teeth are not suitable for babies. There are special requirements for the choice of this product for children:

You should not buy brushes with natural bristles for your child. The fact is that dangerous microorganisms and bacteria accumulate in it, which simply cannot be removed with a stream of water. Plus, natural bristles are tough and can damage your baby's delicate gums.
Choose a brush for brushing your teeth according to the age of your baby. If he is under two years old, you can use finger pads to care for your enamel and tongue, which also do an excellent job of removing plaque.
The size of the toothbrush head should be round and small. This will reduce the level of injury while cleaning the enamel.

Many dentists recommend buying electric brushes that run on batteries for brushing your teeth. Their advantage is that plaque is removed from the enamel and tongue quickly and efficiently. The only drawback is that not all children perceive these brushes adequately. For some, vibration causes fear, and they categorically refuse to cleanse.

At what age to brush your child's teeth: Komarovsky E.O. and his recommendations

The famous pediatrician Dr. Komarovsky gives his recommendations for brushing your teeth. He advises starting this process as early as possible, starting with the first tooth, and recommends using silicone onlays for this. But parents should not forget that all this should take place in the form of a game, that is, the child should like the process itself. This will allow you to further develop a positive response to the duty to brush your teeth.

Also, parents should not forget at what age a child needs to brush their teeth. At a maximum of 2 years, they should introduce him to the brush and paste. Moreover, if the child categorically refuses to fulfill such a duty, it is not worth making him. If necessary, you can wait up to three years. The main thing is not to force you to brush your teeth. It will be better to use such methods in education in which the child will have a desire to brush his teeth on his own, without pressure from the parents.

The guarantee of a beautiful smile of an adult largely depends on how correctly the care of the oral cavity was organized in early age... The following recommendations will help many parents avoid mistakes in the future:

The child should be taught to take care of the oral cavity as early as possible, namely at the age of three months. Then there will be no unnecessary questions as to at what age to teach a child to brush his teeth. Everything will happen gradually, just at first the role of the brush will be performed by a gauze swab and a silicone pad on the finger, and then by a toothbrush with paste.
The paste should be of high quality, with a short shelf life and without fluoride in the composition.
Dentist checkups should be done twice a year. This will allow timely detection of diseases and timely treatment of teeth, which will subsequently have a positive effect on the health of the entire oral cavity.