The herbaceous plant artichoke belongs to the Asteraceae family. It has large buds for food. The product is an unblown bud, consisting of large fleshy scales. The homeland of the artichoke is the Mediterranean coast.
The artichoke has been known for over five thousand years. In Egypt, Ancient Greece and Rome it was used to treat diseases of the liver and gallbladder, as well as to purify the blood. It was considered a powerful aphrodisiac and a delicacy. Artichoke was credited with magical properties: it was believed that its use contributed to the birth of boys. To enjoy the incredible taste of this fruit all year round, the Roman rich made preparations from it with the addition of caraway seeds, vinegar and honey.
In France, the artichoke was banned. It could not be used by females, as it was known for its "erotic" properties. In Russia, the artichoke appeared in the eighteenth century thanks to Peter I and was cultivated for a long time as an ornamental plant.
It is worth noting! The scientific name of the artichoke - Cynara - translated from Greek means "dog", which can be explained by the similarity of hard leaves with dog teeth.
The artichoke is grown everywhere in warm climates as a garden crop. It is especially common in Spain, Italy, South America and France.
Useful properties of artichoke
In addition to its taste, the artichoke has a balanced and rich composition of nutrients. These inflorescences contain about three percent proteins, fifteen percent carbohydrates and 0.1% fat, they also contain iron, calcium salts, phosphates. In artichokes, you can find a large amount of vitamins B1, B2, C, B3, P, they are rich in carotene and inulin. This plant also contains organic acids: caffeic, quinic, glycolic, chlorogenic, glycerol.
The outer petals of the wrap contain essential oils, which provide the exquisite taste of artichokes. The inflorescences, along with the rest of the plant, include very valuable substances: inulin (a polysaccharide) and cynarin (a biologically active glycoside).
One hundred grams of artichokes contains on average about forty-seven kilocalories.
The artichoke is deservedly considered dietary product... In the body, it is well absorbed; in the presence of diabetes mellitus, it is recommended as a starch substitute. Since ancient times, the artichoke has been recommended for patients with gout and jaundice. In modern medicine, there is evidence of its diuretic and choleretic properties.
It is worth noting! Artichoke extract has a beneficial property: it is able to drain the kidneys and liver, which has a beneficial effect on cleansing the body of toxins and other harmful substances.
The leaves and roots of this plant are used to prepare decoctions, juices and tinctures. Decoctions from the leaves and stalks of artichoke significantly reduce the concentration of uric acid, as well as the level of blood cholesterol, the decoction helps to activate the activity of the central nervous system. The ancient Greeks used artichoke juice as a baldness remedy by rubbing it directly into the scalp. Traditional medicine freshly squeezed juice of this plant is used to increase sexual activity. For alkaloid poisoning, this juice is also useful. In addition, it is used for urinary retention, dropsy, to reduce the smell of sweat. For thrush, stomatitis and cracks in the tongue in children, juice with artichoke can be used as a rinse aid. Diet teas in bags are prepared from the aerial parts of this plant, which not only have a pleasant taste, but also help to quickly cope with inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract.
Artichoke-based medicines are used for cholelithiasis and urolithiasis, atherosclerosis, hepatitis, allergies of various origins, eczema and psoriasis. At home, this fruit is used for the treatment of gallstone disease. Hives, psoriasis and eczema. For elderly people who suffer from atherosclerosis, the artichoke is useful in absolutely any form.
People who have problems with increased gastric acidity will benefit from artichoke dishes, since this fruit contains a large amount of potassium and sodium salts. And they have a powerful alkaline effect. To alleviate the symptoms of diseases of the biliary tract and liver, it is necessary to take decoctions from artichoke leaves or from their baskets in combination with egg yolks... This plant is used to prevent atherosclerosis.
It's important to know! In order for artichoke dishes to bring the maximum positive effect, they must be consumed immediately after cooking, since over time this fruit darkens and loses its beneficial properties. In order to extend the shelf life of this product, you must first hold it in water with lemon juice or vinegar.
Harm of artichoke and contraindications
The artichoke has a relatively small amount of harmful properties... The use of this plant is contraindicated in people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in the presence of gastritis, low blood pressure. It is also not recommended to eat this fruit for children under the age of twelve, nursing mothers, pregnant women, people with liver failure.
The artichoke (lat.Cynara) is a perennial herb that is a close relative of the thistle thistle and garden asters. The homeland of the vegetable culture is the Canary Islands and the Mediterranean region. Moreover, it is widely cultivated in South America, Africa, California, Central Europe, Greece, Italy, Australia. Leaves or unopened flower baskets are eaten, which taste like Walnut.
Today, there are 140 varieties of plants, among which the following species are of the greatest nutritional value for the human body: sowing artichoke (prickly) and Spanish (Cardon), of the Astrovye family.
The beneficial properties of culture are due to the rich chemical composition... The artichoke contains a balanced set of nutrients: rare organic acids (glycolic, glyceric, quinic, caffeic), iron and calcium salts, up to 15% carbohydrates, vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, PP, a phenolic compound of cynarin, inulin.
The plant is used as a hepatoprotective, choleretic agent. In addition, it lowers blood sugar levels, normalizes metabolic processes, removes salts of heavy metals, urea from the body. It is a dietary medicinal product. It is used for biliary dyskinesia, chronic renal failure, chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis, urolithiasis. As a phytopreparation, it can be used by children and the elderly.
Consider what are the benefits and harms of artichoke for health, use in folk, traditional medicine, cooking, mesotherapy.
Description
Artichoke (vegetable flower) is a perennial plant with green or grayish-green large lobed leaves, with spear-shaped wide-toothed segments with short spines pubescent below, collected in a basal rosette. The stem of the herbaceous specimen is straight, reaching 50 - 180 centimeters in height. The root is long tap root, hibernating. Artichoke inflorescences are 10-centimeter baskets in diameter, covered with scaly wrappers. Seeds are obovate, thickish. Tubular flowers (blue, purple, white) are located on massive receptacles. Fruits are large, rectangular, with a cut off top or flattened, glabrous achenes with a tuft.
In appearance, the artichoke resembles a rounded unripe cone in sizes from a large orange to a small nut.
How does it grow?
For successful cultivation of a crop, the site for the plant is protected from the winds, it must be well-lit, with fertile soil rich in organic matter. The artichoke loves abundant watering and warmth; when the ambient temperature drops to minus 1 degrees Celsius, the flowers are damaged and die off. Propagated in two ways: by root layers (planted at a distance of 100 centimeters from each other), by seeds.
For abundant fruiting and intensive vegetation, the plant is fed by spraying the leaves with a mixture of wood ash (10 grams), superphosphate (25 grams), potassium chloride (10 grams). As a rule, the artichoke bush will "give birth" in the second year.
Ripening of buds is uneven. The first flower stalks appear at the end of summer, and after 14 days they can already be cut off. Artichoke fruits are harvested after the upper scales of the cone begin to move apart and slightly bend back. The appearance of bluish petals at the top of the bud indicates that the culture is overripe and unsuitable for consumption.
The artichoke should be cut with a stem that is 5 centimeters long. The shelf life of such fruits depends on the temperature of the environment and ranges from 2 weeks to 3 months.
For medicinal purposes, leaves, inflorescences, fleshy receptacles of artichoke baskets are harvested and dried during flowering. Young (small or medium-sized) fruits can be eaten whole raw, canned or pickled, and large ones can be eaten only boiled, removing tough hairs and leaf tips.
Chemical composition
Fresh artichokes are a treasure trove nutrients for the human body. The calorie content of a raw vegetable flower is only 28 kcal per 100 grams of product, boiled - it increases to 53 kcal. Therefore, the raw fruits of the plant are widely used in the dietary menu for weight loss.
What does an artichoke taste like?
The plant has a pronounced taste of Jerusalem artichoke, wood, ripe walnut.
| Nutrient name | The amount of nutrients in 100 grams of inflorescence, milligram |
|---|---|
| Vitamins | |
| Vitamin C () | 5 |
| 0,6 | |
| Pyridoxine () | 0,2 |
| Riboflavin () | 0,05 |
| Thiamine () | 0,04 |
| Beta carotene | 0,02 |
| (RE) | 0,02 |
| Folic acid () | 0,0185 |
| 238 | |
| 47 | |
| 34 | |
| 20 | |
| 15 | |
| 15 | |
| 9 | |
| 0,815 | |
| 0,4 | |
| 0,29 | |
| 0,21 | |
| 0,135 | |
| 0,1 | |
| 0,014 | |
| 0,01 | |
| 0,002 | |
| 0,001 | |
In the outer leaves of the wrapper, essential oils are concentrated, which give the artichoke the characteristic taste of an unripe walnut, and in the inflorescences - the polysaccharide inulin, which strengthens the immune system, stimulates the growth of bone tissue, removes heavy metals and radionuclides from the body. It is a highly digestible dietary vegetable. Its processed products are recommended to be consumed when diabetes mellitus as a starch substitute.
The main advantages of an artichoke are the absence, an abundance of useful unsaturated fats, a high content of ascorbic, nicotinic acid, fiber, potassium, manganese, phosphorus.
Benefit and harm
Artichoke is an ancient culture medicinal properties which have been known to mankind for more than 5 thousand years. It exhibits choleretic, diuretic, antirheumatic effects. The healing power of the plant was first used by healers from Egypt and Greece. Fresh fruits were used to eliminate rheumatism, liver disease, heart disease, scurvy, and relieve edema. Later they were treated for gout, poor appetite, jaundice. In modern folk medicine, artichoke is used to eliminate eczema, psoriasis, atherosclerosis, urticaria, constipation, gallstone disease, dropsy. The extract from the plant is used to cleanse the body of toxic substances.
Decoctions of leaves and petioles activate the central nervous system, reduce blood cholesterol, uric acid in the joints. Artichoke juice with honey rinse the mouth with cracks in the tongue, stomatitis, thrush.
Healing properties of the plant:
- Protects the liver from the harmful effects of toxins, improves the regeneration of organ cells.
- Strengthens the immune system.
- Eliminates the manifestation of toxicosis in pregnant women.
- Improves bile secretion, reduces the risk of developing cholecystitis.
- Prevents premature aging, neutralizes the destructive effect of free radicals on the body, prolongs youth.
- Removes toxins, toxins, heavy metals, alkaloids, hepatotoxic substances.
- Reduces cellulite, smoothes wrinkles, accelerates hair growth.
- Cleans and stimulates the kidneys.
- Improves metabolism, cerebral circulation, relieves discomfort after overeating.
- Reduces the risk of developing diseases of the heart, blood vessels, liver, malignant neoplasms.
- Alkalizes the body by reducing excess stomach acid.
- Eliminates strong perspiration odor.
- Fights baldness, allergies, hepatitis, gallbladder inflammation, atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, intoxication.
- Reduces blood levels.
Artichoke juice is of particular value for men: it supports sexual strength, strengthens an erection, and increases sexual activity. In addition, it is an indispensable hangover remedy. The inflorescences of the plant break down well and neutralize alcohol, have a strong diuretic effect. The core and scales of the fruit of the plant, which contain a large amount of flavonoids, are effective in the prevention of oncology.
Thanks to internal changes in the body (normalization of the nervous, digestive, cardiovascular, endocrine systems), the functional state of hair, skin, nails is significantly improved.
Despite the beneficial properties, there are contraindications to the use of artichoke:
- stomach ulcer, gastritis with low acidity of gastric juice;
- individual intolerance (plant allergy);
- low blood pressure;
- cholelithiasis;
- lactation period;
- kidney disease.
Can children eat artichoke?
Babies under 6 years old are not allowed to include the inflorescence of a "vegetable" in their diet. After 6 years, the product can be gradually introduced into the child's menu under the strict supervision of adults. At the same time, watch the reaction child's body for a new ingredient.
Possible side effects from taking the herb are allergic reactions, diarrhea, constipation, bitterness in the mouth.
Due to its medicinal properties, the artichoke is used in cosmetology (mesotherapy), medicine, and cooking.
Artichoke during pregnancy
According to the conclusion of doctors, the use of artichoke has a beneficial effect on the body of a pregnant woman:
- strengthens the body of the mother, fetus;
- reduces the load on the liver, gallbladder (due to the manifestation of a mild diuretic effect);
- replenishes the lack of folic acid in the diet;
- removes toxins;
- relieves the manifestations of toxicosis;
- eliminates edema.
Remember, during the period of childbearing, the liver, gallbladder, and gastrointestinal tract take the greatest blow: due to an increase in the concentration of female hormones in the blood, bile formation increases, so any digestive problem can worsen, complicate the course of pregnancy.
How to get rid of toxicosis?
- Walk more outdoors (at least 2 hours a day).
- Drink hepatoprotectors to cleanse the liver, which include herbal ingredients (Hofitol, Tsinariks, Rosthoropsha +, Artichoke extract). To maintain the gallbladder, take a leaf decoction or fresh artichoke juice to help keep your bile ducts from blocking.
Remember, in order to avoid digestive problems, only young vegetables can be eaten raw. Large fruits should be cooked. In addition, it is forbidden to eat the field artichoke for pregnant women who suffer from low blood pressure, gastritis. In this case, the plant will not bring the desired effect and, instead of eliminating toxicosis, it will worsen the well-being of the future mother.
- Get enough sleep, do not rush to get out of bed immediately after waking up.
- Observe fractional meals. Snack every 2 to 3 hours.
- Eat dairy products and fruits for breakfast. Do not eat hot meals (only warm), spicy and fatty foods that provoke nausea. Avoid soups.
- Drink more (from 3 liters per day).
- Make sure there is always fresh air in the room.
- Don't make any sudden movements.
- Avoid unpleasant odors.
- Get some rest.
Pregnancy is a happy period in the life of every woman, when the expectant mother is in anticipation of the birth of her baby. However, the joy of the upcoming meeting can reduce toxicosis, accompanied by vomiting, nausea. This is a common condition among pregnant women, resulting from the poisoning of a woman's body with harmful substances and toxins formed during the development of the fetus.
To eliminate unpleasant symptoms, during pregnancy it is recommended to adhere to proper nutrition, daily routine, take artichoke-based drugs that improve the functioning of the digestive system and urinary system.
Application in traditional medicine
The artichoke has hepatoprotective, choleretic, diuretic effects. It is used in folk medicine to treat jaundice, reduce joint pain, reduce the level of bad cholesterol, and improve metabolism.
Instructions for use:
- Fresh artichoke juice to enhance sexual strength, libido, cleanse the body of alkaloids, eliminate dropsy, urination problems. Method of preparation: Pass the plant through a meat grinder, strain the mixture. Throw away the pulp of the artichoke, and drink the juice twice a day, 50 milliliters 30 minutes before meals. In addition, it can be used externally: rub into bald spots (to stop baldness) and apply to areas with increased sweating (to eliminate the smell of sweat).
- Infusion to reduce uric acid in the joints, harmful cholesterol in the blood, improve the functioning of the central nervous system. Pour the leaves, artichoke stalks (30 grams) with a liter of boiling water, close the jar with a lid, wait 1 hour. After the mixture is infused, strain the infusion, take twice a day (morning and evening), 400 grams in between meals.
- Tea for inflammation of the digestive system. It is effectively used to soothe the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, which irritate hydrochloric acid (especially if it is produced in an increased amount). To stop the inflammatory process, you need to brew tea (preferably regular green) and add dry ground artichoke (1.25 grams) to it. Taking three times a day is symptomatic.
- A decoction to loosen and eliminate constipation. Boil the artichoke baskets (30 grams) in a liter of clean water for 10 minutes, strain, cool. Add the yolk of one raw egg, stir. Divide the broth into 3 equal parts, take in the morning, at lunchtime and in the evening.
- Rinsing with cracks in the mouth, stomatitis, seizures. Grind the artichoke inflorescences, squeeze the juice, add honey. Rinse your mouth with the resulting drink regularly (5 times a day).
- Decoction for psoriasis, urticaria, eczema. Pour 30 grams of ground artichoke leaves with a liter of water, cook for 15 minutes, filter, cool. Take a sterile bandage, moisten it in the resulting boil, apply as a compress to the affected area of the skin.
Remember, artichoke is a medicinal herb, before using which you should definitely consult with your doctor about the safety of use. Like any drugs, it can cause allergies and a deterioration in well-being. Do not self-medicate as it is not always safe!
Forms of drug release
Medicines based on artichoke have a similar mode of action, the same indications for use, and identical rules of administration. These are strong choleretic drugs, which are contraindicated for people with disorders of the biliary tract, cholecystitis, low blood pressure, acute liver failure.
Artichoke release forms:
- Solutions for injection. They are used in mesotherapy to improve the condition of the skin: reduce edema, breakdown of adipose tissue, stimulate lymph flow, regenerate the dermis, and enrich it with nutrients.
- Tablets ("Artichoke-astrafarm", "Hofitol", "Tsinariks"). They normalize liver function, reduce the manifestations of heartburn, nausea, flatulence, stimulate the outflow and secretion of bile, improve the digestion of carbohydrates and fatty foods. Take 3 times a day before meals.
Tablets for the liver show hepatoprotective, diuretic, detoxification, choleretic, hypolipidemic action. Indications for use in chronic hepatitis, intoxication, insufficient kidney function, dispersion, bile outflow disorders, atherosclerosis, uraturia, obesity, urolithiasis. In addition, artichoke pills help repair liver tissue that is damaged by alcoholism.
- Capsules ("Cholesinol"). It is a natural herbal medicine hybrid with milk thistle, exhibiting antioxidant, membrane stabilizing, antitoxic, choleretic, hypoazotemic, hypocholesterolemic properties. How to take artichoke capsules? Drink 1 piece half an hour before meals 3 times a day for a month.
- Resin. This is an artichoke extract that visually resembles plasticine and has a beneficial effect on the body: it stops bleeding gums, improves liver function, lowers blood sugar, strengthens nervous system, improves immunity. Before taking a quarter teaspoon of artichoke resin (1.25 grams) is dissolved in 200 milliliters of hot water. The resulting solution is taken before each meal.
- Liquid extract. Contains antioxidants that prevent cell destruction. It is indicated for the maintenance of the normal functioning of the gallbladder and liver. A solution for oral administration is prescribed for adults, 30 drops three times a day, half an hour before a meal. Before use, dissolve the liquid extract in 100 milliliters of chilled boiled water. The course of admission is 4 weeks.
On the basis of artichoke extract, a syrup is produced for children, which is useful in the treatment of constipation. It activates the intestines, removes salts of heavy metals, toxins, radionuclides, excess fluid from the body. In addition, it is indicated for chronic diseases of the ENT organs (otitis media, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, tonsillitis, adenoids, pharyngitis), pituitary gland, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, enzymatic insufficiency of the digestive glands. Method of application: babies from 1 to 3 years old - 2.5 milliliters (0.5 teaspoon), children from 6 to 12 years old - 10 milliliters (1 dessert spoon), teenagers up to 18 years old - 15 milliliters (1 tablespoon) ) 3 times a day.
Based on the reviews of doctors, the artichoke is shown to anyone who:
- works in harmful conditions (in production);
- smokes;
- has high cholesterol;
- lives in conditions of poor ecology (polluted environment);
- consumes alcohol;
- suffers from reduced immunity;
- has skin problems.
For the treatment and prevention of diseases of the digestive tract, it is recommended to brew Vietnamese artichoke tea in bags daily. Daily rate- 1 - 2 cups of the healing drink. To improve the taste, honey can be added to the cooled infusion.
The dose and frequency of administration depend on the age, body weight, health status of the patient. To achieve the desired result, while taking artichoke-based medicines, you should refrain from drinking soft drinks, fruit juices, and any acidic drinks / foods.
Analogues of choleretic drugs: "Allochol", "Artihol", "Bilikur", "Hepatofit", "Phytohepatol", "Holagol".
Cooking applications
The artichoke is a versatile herb that can be eaten at all stages of ripening. The flower vegetable is prized for its delicate nutty flavor. This is a true gourmet delicacy.
How to eat an artichoke?
Young inflorescences are recommended to be consumed fresh, medium ripeness - pickled or canned, and mature - exclusively in stewed, boiled, fried, baked. Heat treatment of the artichoke softens the product and improves its absorption by the body.
Because of bad taste, refuse to take opened inflorescences in favor of fleshy receptacles, lower rows of the wrapper, juicy rosettes of basal leaves, flower baskets, stems, roots.
In cooking, artichoke is added to pasta, bread, pizza, salads, pies, risottos, desserts, jellies, sauces, side dishes for meat and fish. The nutty flavor of the plant favorably emphasizes the characteristics of the dish and gives spicy notes even to an ordinary omelet. To keep the fresh artichoke longer, the inflorescences are dipped in water acidified with vinegar or lemon juice for 5 minutes.
Large fruits with a fully formed core are subject to heat treatment without fail.
Braised artichokes
Before preparing a vegetable flower, divide it into a stem and inflorescences, remove the inside of the basket ("beard"), remove the thorns. Preheat a frying pan, fry the fruits in butter for 5 minutes. Then add water, simmer for 10 minutes until the product is fully cooked. This is an excellent side dish for meat and fish products.
Fried artichokes
Pre-boil the inflorescences for half an hour. Cut in half and transfer to skillet. Add salt, spices, vegetable oil and fry on both sides until golden brown. This dish is recommended to be served with fresh vegetables.
Fresh or pickled artichoke is added to cheese, ham, fish. Canned inflorescences are added to salads, pizza toppings. Large fruits are used to create stuffed dishes: the formed core is cut out, and the vacant space is filled with meat, minced fish or vegetables.
The artichoke is eaten with a spicy sauce. At the same time, it cannot be washed down with wine, since the cynarin, which is part of the plant, can change the sensitivity of the receptors of the tongue.
Application in cosmetology
Artichoke is a plant that has a rejuvenating effect on the human body, therefore it is actively used in mesotherapy as a non-surgical means for correcting the face and figure. Its value lies in its rich composition, which includes: inulin, salts, vitamins, cynarin, organic acids, flavonoids that nourish the woman's dermis. On the basis of inflorescence extracts are produced: toothpaste, rubbing, balms, ointments, lotions, masks.
In pursuit of beauty, women agree to subcutaneous injection of preparations containing artichoke for local action on the problematic part of the body (using microneedles).
This procedure (mesotherapy) allows you to achieve the following results:
- reduction of cellulite (a combination of artichoke and hyaluroidase or alaxatin have a powerful lymphatic drainage and lipolytic effect, activating the burning of fat in the thighs, abdomen, buttocks);
- moisturizing the skin;
- reducing inflammation of the dermis and, as a result, suppressing the progression of acne;
- preventing baldness, eliminating dandruff, stimulating hair growth;
- improving the tone of the face, smoothing wrinkles;
- removal of edema from tissues (in the area around the eyes).
Conclusion
The artichoke is a healthy edible flower that is famous for its high fiber, nutrient, calorie and low fat content. The plant exhibits healing properties: it maintains normal metabolic functions, stimulates proper digestion, removes harmful cholesterol, improves the condition of the skin and hair, destroys toxic compounds, fights free radicals, prevents the appearance of colon and genital cancer.
In order for the body to get the most out of the artichoke, it must be selected during its natural ripening period (spring, autumn). The fruits should have juicy scales that fit tightly to each other. Don't buy shriveled, limp buds with hardened brown top leaves.
The most valuable for the human body is an artichoke with an unformed core. In such a plant, the inflorescences are completely edible and do not require preliminary heat treatment.
Include an artichoke in your daily menu for preventive, curative reasons and take care of your health!
The exotic artichoke, similar to thistle inflorescences, has not yet gained significant popularity among consumers. It's a pity! The plant is a nutritious and dietary product, as well as a valuable medicine for the treatment of liver and biliary tract pathologies.
The artichoke comes from hot countries, therefore, although it is a perennial, it is grown in the middle lane as an annual vegetable crop. Although the plant heads used for food are not fruits, but plant inflorescences.
Flowers appear at the top of a tall stem that grows out of a rosette of large feathery leaves. Inflorescences consist of many closed thick scales, covered, like leaves, with sharp spines.
The fleshy receptacle located in the lower part of the inflorescence is used for food. The artichoke is boiled, stewed, baked, added to salads, stuffed. For medicinal purposes, leaves, scales and receptacles are used.
Useful properties of artichoke
The chemical composition of the artichoke includes:
- flavonoids;
- fiber;
- inulin;
- ascorbic acid;
- vitamins E, K and A;
- B vitamins;
- organic acids;
- cinaridine and cinarin;
- minerals (phosphorus, calcium, iron, selenium, copper, zinc).
Useful properties of the plant:
- removes toxins and cholesterol from the body;
- normalizes metabolic processes and lowers glucose levels;
- cleans blood vessels from atherosclerotic plaques;
- stimulates the production of bile;
- dilates blood vessels and lowers blood pressure;
- inhibits the growth of malignant cells;
- stimulates brain activity;
- normalizes digestion and has a laxative effect.
The artichoke is useful to include in the diet. With regular use of the plant, the digestive function of the stomach is improved, intestinal motility improves, and the stool is normalized.
The vegetable cleanses the body of toxins, which allows it to be used to eliminate the effects of poisoning, including intoxication with ethyl alcohol.
The artichoke is used for diseases of the liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts. The ability of an exotic plant to stimulate the production of bile, restore liver cells and remove cholesterol is used in the treatment and prevention of cholecystitis, atherosclerosis and cholelithiasis.
The plant is also effective for diseases caused by metabolic disorders. It is used to treat diabetes, obesity, and gout. Artichoke, rich in ascorbic acid, tones the body and slows down aging.
In addition, the exotic vegetable cleanses and strengthens the vascular walls, which helps to reduce blood pressure and improve heart function. It is used as an antitumor and disinfectant for skin lesions with eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis. The plant is also suitable for treating wounds.
Collection and procurement of raw materials
Artichoke leaves are harvested at the beginning of flowering, the heads are harvested when they are fully formed.
The scales on the inflorescence should be green and dense. Spots on the scales or their loose fit indicate that such a flower cannot be used for food.
The leaves are dried in a sunny place and stored in paper bags.
Contraindications to use
Do not consume artichoke in the following cases:
- with gallstone disease;
- with kidney pathology;
- during the period of gestation and breastfeeding;
- with gastritis with low acidity;
- with hypotension;
- under the age of 12;
- with increased susceptibility to the components of the composition.
The artichoke improves the outflow of bile and stimulates its production, but with large stones in the gallbladder and ducts, it cannot be used.
Home use
At home, the plant is used as food product for cooking culinary dishes. Decoctions, alcoholic infusion, tea are prepared from it. For this, both flower heads and artichoke leaves and roots are suitable. Maximum nutrients contained in the fresh juice of the plant, which allows it to be used internally and externally. The artichoke is often used in combination with other medicinal herbs.
To heal the pancreas and restore liver function, you can use this means: pour 100 g of plant roots into homemade red wine (4 glasses), boil and remove from heat after a couple of minutes. For two weeks, drink a teaspoon in the morning, afternoon and evening. Rest for 14 days and repeat.
Steamed a teaspoon of immortelle, a tablespoon of artichoke leaves and a pinch of celandine with a glass of boiled water and filtered after half an hour. Do some lotions several times a day for hives.
Boil 250 g of artichoke inflorescences, chop finely and combine with two tablespoons of chopped nettle leaves. For two weeks, eat 20 g of the mixture in the morning, afternoon and evening. This remedy is useful for urolithiasis.
Grind three garlic cloves and 150 g of inflorescences into a gruel, add a tablespoon of honey. In the morning and before bedtime, eat a large spoonful of the mixture for gout. Continue treatment for 12 weeks.
Tea
Remove the thorns from the head of the artichoke and chop the pulp. Steam with a glass of boiled water and simmer for a quarter of an hour over low heat. Tea is taken as a laxative in the morning, afternoon and evening for a quarter of a glass.
Decoction
The decoction is prepared from fresh leaves of the plant, collected from the bottom of the rosette.
Boil 4 cups water and add two chopped artichoke leaves. Simmer for a quarter of an hour on low heat. From the broth, lotions and compresses are made on areas of the skin affected by dermatitis or eczema. Used for washing long non-healing wounds.
The decoction will help get rid of renal edema, painful sensations and inflammations with gout and joint diseases. It is advisable to take it for the treatment of gastritis and severe liver damage. With psoriasis, you should combine the internal intake of a decoction and compresses from it to the affected areas.
Pour a pound of crushed inflorescences into water (6 glasses), cook for a quarter of an hour, then squeeze out the mass. Mix the boiled raw material with finely chopped burdock leaves and wrap in a piece of gauze.
Apply in the morning for about 20 minutes to the joints affected by gout and take a bath every 7 days with the addition of a decoction. Treatment should be carried out for at least two months.
Boil 4 glasses of water and combine with 250 g of inflorescences. Infuse and filter for 1.5 hours. Half an hour before breakfast, lunch and dinner, drink half a glass for 12 weeks. With the help of this infusion, you can maintain normal blood sugar levels. After a course of treatment for 4 weeks, rest and repeat the procedure.
Remedy for hepatitis. Boil 200 g of inflorescences in water (4 glasses) for a quarter of an hour and filter. Mix the liquid with infusions of corn silk and calendula (half a glass each) and a tablespoon of honey. For three weeks, drink in the morning and in the evening a glass of the product one hour before meals.
Boil two glasses of water and add a pinch of strawberry and lingonberry leaves. Add a tablespoon of artichoke leaves. Filter after half an hour. For three weeks, drink three quarters of a glass of broth before breakfast, lunch and dinner. This composition is effective for urolithiasis.
Juice
Peel the head of the artichoke from the thorns and core and squeeze the juice from the flesh through a press. Drink a large spoon in the morning, afternoon and evening.
Drinking fresh juice prevents the development of atherosclerosis, helps maintain an acceptable level of glucose in the blood, and restores impaired liver function.
Stomatitis and pustules on the oral mucosa can be cured by lubricating them with a mixture of equal parts juice and honey.
It is believed that if you consume 50 ml of juice twice a day, you can restore the impaired erectile function and increase libido. And rubbing the juice into the scalp will reduce hair loss and strengthen the hair follicles.
Tincture
An alcoholic extract of the leaves is used as a choleretic and diuretic and is useful for eliminating edema in kidney disease, for the treatment of hepatitis, atherosclerosis and gallstone disease. It is good to take tincture to improve digestion processes, as well as for arthritis, arthrosis and osteochondrosis.
Pour a pound of crushed leaves into a liter of alcohol and leave in the refrigerator for two weeks. Stir a large spoonful of infusion in 100 ml of water and drink. Repeat in the morning, lunchtime and evening.
Poor appetite and disturbances in the digestive function of the stomach can be corrected with a multicomponent infusion. Pour two glasses of alcohol into a glass container, add a pinch of gentian, mint and white willow bark, add 200 g of chopped artichoke receptacle and 0.5 tsp. fennel seeds. Refrigerate for a week. Take a couple of hours after breakfast, lunch and dinner in a tablespoon.
Extract
Artichoke extract is a finished medicinal product available in the form of capsules or tablets.
It is intended for the treatment of obesity, atherosclerosis, disorders of bile outflow and secretory function of the digestive system. It is used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for oncological diseases of the blood, mammary glands and prostate.
Helps with renal failure, liver diseases. Eliminate bloating, heartburn and belching with it.
The extract is taken at least three times a day for 30 days. After a two-month rest, the course is repeated. The tablet form is taken during meals, capsules - 30 minutes before meals.
Artichoke extract
The hood is also a finished product. It is used for poisoning, to cleanse the body of heavy metal salts, cholesterol, toxins and toxic substances. It is used for diseases of the liver, kidneys, blood pathologies, for the treatment of rheumatism and diabetes mellitus. The drug also helps with skin problems.
An alcoholic and aqueous solution can be prepared from the hood.
Mix 100 ml of the drug with a teaspoon of honey and pour 4 glasses of alcohol. Stir and drink 30 minutes before breakfast, lunch and dinner, a teaspoon each.
Stir a quarter of a teaspoon in a glass of water and drink three times before meals.
You can learn about the ways to use artichoke for medicinal purposes from the following video:
Although for most people the artichoke is an unfamiliar and exotic plant, those who tried to cook this outlandish vegetable appreciated its nutritional value and pleasant taste. It is not without reason that in many famous restaurants artichoke is considered a delicacy and is very popular.
And its healing power is invaluable for people suffering from pathologies of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas. External application of the plant juice will help prevent baldness and get rid of psoriasis, and the use of boiled inflorescences will lower blood sugar.
In contact with
Quite an infrequent guest in our area. Its cultivation, of course, is quite possible, for example, in greenhouse conditions, but the climate of our latitudes does not fully satisfy this whimsical growing conditions. He received the greatest prevalence in countries with a warm maritime climate: Spain, Greece, Italy, South America and other southern regions. This article is intended to answer all your questions about the artichoke, its medicinal properties and contraindications.
Short description
The artichoke belongs to the genus of plants in the Astro family. It has inflorescences of fairly large sizes, the underlying parts of which are consumed as various culinary dishes and medicines. 
In fact, the food artichoke is a flower bud that did not bloom at the time of harvest, its diameter reaches 7.5 cm, formed from fleshy scales of fairly large sizes.
Did you know? The Greek name for this plant is Cynara.- v literally translated means "dog", which is explained by the fact that the scales of its fruits resemble in their structure and rigidity canine teeth.
It is perennial with a straight, low stem. The leaves are wide enough, have a feathery shape, covered with whitish short hairs below, form a dense rosette closer to the root.
An adult artichoke looks somewhat similar in appearance, since its flowering is accompanied by the blooming of flowers of a purple or blue hue.
Caloric content and chemical composition
In order to better understand how the artichoke is useful for the body, you first need to familiarize yourself with its chemical composition. Artichoke varieties grown in France and Spain are considered fairly low-calorie foods and contain only 47 Kcal per 100 g. 
Boiled artichokes are slightly higher in calories than their raw counterparts - 53 Kcal per 100 g.
The composition includes a very significant amount of organic acids - chlorogenic, glycolic, glyceric, quinic and caffeic. The leaves located on the outer layer contain a large amount essential oils giving the fruit a specific pleasant taste. 
Benefits and medicinal properties
These fruits have long been known for their medicinal properties. For example, in Russia in the 18th century it was recommended for the treatment of patients with jaundice and gout, since it was believed that this drug had pronounced choleretic and diuretic properties, which was confirmed by modern research.
Extracts from this plant are now known to have draining properties towards the liver, biliary system and kidneys, making them an excellent remedy for detoxification therapy needs.
Important! In order to obtain the maximum effect from the use of this product in food, it must be eaten as soon as possible after cooking, since after some time its inflorescences darken and their useful properties decrease.
Cooked by folk recipes decoctions of artichokes help to reduce the amount of uric acids and cholesterol in the blood. They are also able to remove the unpleasant smell of sweat and are used to increase potency in men and stimulate sex drive in women. 
Application
The artichoke, due to its specific taste and useful properties, has found its application not only in various fields of medicine, but also in cooking.
One of the most unpopular, but still possible uses of this plant is as a forage crop for cattle.
In cooking
Artichoke dishes must be eaten on the same day they are prepared. However, before starting a meal, it still needs to be properly prepared. It is worth starting with cleaning, which is quite difficult and requires certain skills.
To begin with, it is worth removing all the outer hard leaves and villi that fit under them, and then shaving off the inner leaves a little.
Peeled artichokes can be subjected to almost any type of culinary treatment: frying, pickling, stuffing, salting, and can be used as an integral part of filling for pies, omelets and pizzas. The easiest way is to boil the fruits, after which they can be served with any side dish.
Important! In order to keep your artichokes fresh for a longer period, it is recommended to put them in a solution of water with a little citric acid or vinegar for a while.
In folk medicine
Traditional healers have been using this product since ancient times to treat a huge list of various diseases. For example, its juice in combination with is actively used to treat various diseases of the oral mucosa: stomatitis, cracks in the tongue in childhood and thrush.
It can be used to treat dropsy, with various alkaloids poisoning and difficulties in emptying the bladder. 
Since ancient times, Vietnamese have valued artichoke tea for its beneficial properties, such as the ability to reduce inflammation of the gastric and intestinal mucosa and the accompanying analgesic effect.
In cosmetology
The ability of artichoke juice to restore hair follicles has been known since the days of the ancient Greeks. He is able not only to treat already formed alopecia, but even to completely cure the progressive form of this disease.
In addition, masks using the juice of this plant are actively used in cosmetology, since they have a significant rejuvenating effect. 
A similar mask can be made on the basis of white clay as follows simple recipe: After mixing the clay with water until it becomes a liquid slurry, add 20-25 ml of artichoke juice to it. The finished mask is recommended to be applied to the skin of the face for a short period.
Traditional medicine recipes
For the treatment of atherosclerosis and as a choleretic, artichoke extract is excellent. To make it, you need to take 170-200 fruits of this plant and grind them with a meat grinder or blender.
Other ingredients can be added to the resulting product to enhance its properties, for example, 20 g of fruit sugar, 12 g of bark, 8 g, 7 g of seeds and 20 g of dry pepper.
Then everything should be thoroughly mixed, filled with 40% alcohol and infused for 2 weeks in a dry place at a temperature of + 23-25 ° С. After that, the extract can be drained from the sediment and poured into a dark-colored container for storage. 
The extract obtained in this way is taken orally 1 tablespoon 3 times a day 1.5 hours after a meal.
A tincture based on these fruits is prepared in a similar way. Take 0.5 kg of dried artichoke leaves and fill them with 1 liter of 40% alcohol. Then let it brew for 14 days in a dark and cool place, after which you will get a ready-to-eat product.
Preparation of medicinal raw materials
For the manufacture of medicinal raw materials, leaves and inflorescences are mainly used, some traditional healers also recommend collecting the roots of this plant, but modern research has proven the ineffectiveness of medicines made from them.
You have probably seen a green cone that looks like a flower on the shelves in the store. This amazing plant is an artichoke. It is used for food, because there are a lot of useful substances in the bud, which are considered very valuable for the human body. In fact, an artichoke is an unopened bud that was removed from the bush in time. Overripe artichokes are not allowed in food - they become tough and prickly. Early artichokes are very soft, juicy and tasty. The aroma and taste of the fruit vaguely resembles a walnut. But most of all, people value the artichoke not for its taste, but for its medicinal effect. For a long time, even the Ancient Greeks and Romans used the artichoke for the preparation of potent medicines. In this article, we will talk about the beneficial properties of the plant, learn about its contraindications, and also learn how to cook an artichoke in order to preserve its taste and benefits.
Useful properties of artichoke
Speaking about the composition of the artichoke, it must be admitted that it is very rich and extensive. First of all, it contains vitamins - A, C, E, K, vitamins of group B. The artichoke is also rich in trace elements - phosphorus, sodium, manganese, iron, calcium, copper, selenium. In addition, the buds contain flavonoids, inulin, cynarin, tannins. All this makes the product irreplaceable for humans.
- For the gallbladder. First of all, the artichoke is very beneficial for the normal outflow of bile from the gallbladder. The plant contains biological substances - inulin and cynarin, which expand the bile duct, activate the movement of bile into the stomach, and stimulate the renewal of bile. If this is not done, bile can gradually thicken and form stones in the gallbladder. They, in turn, clog the bile ducts. Deterioration in this case goes in two directions - firstly, the bladder itself suffers, because there is no outflow of bile, cholelithiasis develops. Secondly, the absence of bile in the stomach leads to insufficient production of enzymes, food is not digested properly. By consuming artichokes regularly, the problem can be avoided.
- For the liver. The artichoke is very good for the liver. The plant perfectly cleanses the organ of toxins. This is especially true with prolonged stress on the liver. Excessive intoxication can occur as a result of prolonged drug treatment, alcohol intoxication, and the use of drugs. The artichoke is also useful for the liver in various pathologies, such as hepatitis. One of the most famous herbal medicines for the liver (Hofitol) is made on the basis of artichoke extract - this plant is so powerful and effective.
- Against excess weight. Very often artichoke dishes are included in a healthy and balanced menu, and not only because artichoke buds are nutritious and low in calories. Artichoke dishes perfectly cleanse the intestines, relieve constipation. Enhanced liver function helps to free the body from toxins and toxins. Drinks made from artichokes are especially useful - tea resembles coffee taste, with regular consumption it helps to burn fat reserves. There are also artichoke-based diet pills on sale, but all nutritionists agree that natural fruits are much more useful.
- During pregnancy. The artichoke is considered especially valuable for pregnant women, because it is really able to suppress toxicosis on early dates... As soon as life begins in the uterus, the body begins to perceive it as something foreign, the liver begins to react with intoxication, this is how doctors and scientists characterize toxicosis. But the cleansing effect on the liver can reduce the body's reaction, regular consumption of artichokes will help you get rid of morning sickness and vomiting. In addition, the fruits are useful in late pregnancy, when all organs are squeezed by the growing baby. The artichoke makes it easier for the gallbladder and liver to work in tight spaces.
- For men's health. Artichoke buds are very beneficial for men's health. First of all, the artichoke has a beneficial effect on the entire genitourinary system, suppressing the development of infection, ensuring the prevention of prostate adenoma cancer. Regular inclusion of artichokes in the diet helps to cope with early impotence, makes a man more resilient in sex.
- Oncology. It is believed that artichokes are an excellent prevention of cancer. Quarcetin and rutin in artichokes are considered antioxidants to help the body fight free radicals. By consuming artichokes consistently, you can protect yourself from possible cancer. If oncology has already caught up with a person, still eat artichokes - they have a strong effect, similar to chemotherapy, this will help you at least slightly slow down the growth and spread of malignant cells.
- For the heart and blood vessels. Artichokes contain a huge amount of potassium, which is very beneficial for the heart. Artichoke buds have a vasodilating effect, which allows you to get rid of headaches and heartaches, and normalize blood pressure. Including artichokes in your diet at least a couple of times a week will help to gradually lower blood cholesterol levels, as well as protect against strokes and heart attacks.
- Alzheimer's disease. Surprisingly, artichokes are included in the overall therapy for Alzheimer's disease. This is due to two factors. The first is the high content of phosphorus, which ensures the normal functioning of the brain. The second factor is vitamin K, which prevents the destruction of the neural ligaments of the brain, because this is the reason for the incurability and progression of the disease.
- For diabetics. Artichokes contain inulin, which is an excellent substitute for sucrose and is used by patients with diabetes.
- For women. The artichoke is very beneficial for women's health, not only during pregnancy. A large number of ascorbic acid in the buds is an excellent prevention of breast cancer. Artichokes increase blood circulation in the small pelvis, this gives an exciting effect, in some countries artichokes are considered powerful aphrodisiac... In addition, the antioxidants in artichoke are used to make a variety of skin masks. This makes the face look plump, firm and radiant.
Artichoke is a real storehouse of vitamins, which has a rich composition. If used correctly, many diseases can be cured. But remember that any powerful medicine has its own contraindications.
Of course, a dish of artichokes is useful for any person, regardless of his position and chronic diseases. But if you decide to consume artichokes regularly, include the buds in your regular diet, you need to familiarize yourself with the contraindications to this product.
- Artichokes stimulate the removal of stones from the kidneys and gallbladder; this can be dangerous if the stones are too large. In this case, the beginning of their movement can block the passage, in some situations this leads to severe pain. In the presence of kidney stones or gallbladder - take artichokes strictly after consulting a doctor.
- Artichokes are very beneficial for constipation, but should be avoided for diarrhea. The herbal laxative in the artichoke can aggravate the situation, lead to excessive flatulence and dysbiosis.
- Artichokes should not be given to children under 10 years old, it is a rather aggressive and heavy product.
- Young mothers who are breastfeeding cannot be treated with artichokes. Green buds can inhibit milk production or alter the taste of milk.
- Artichokes lower blood pressure, so you shouldn't lean on such a treat with hypotension.
And, of course, no one canceled an allergic reaction that can occur in any person. If, after eating an artichoke, you develop a skin rash, flatulence, bloating, or other problems with the skin and intestines, you need to abandon this method of treatment once and for all.
How to cook artichokes?
In order not only to get a medicinal effect, but also to enjoy the taste of an amazing plant, you need to prepare it correctly. Artichokes are harvested at the height of summer - it is very important to monitor the condition of the buds in order to cut them young in time. Small buds the size of an egg are very tender, juicy and tasty - they can be eaten fresh in the garden. Medium artichokes are salted and pickled to make a great snack. Be sure to cook large artichokes, otherwise they will remain tough. Overripe artichokes are not eaten, they can be used in the preparation of coffee or medicine.Pickled artichokes remain especially tasty and loved in our country. For their preparation, the fruits are thoroughly washed, cut into 2 or 4 parts. The core can be removed. Prepare the brine - in three liters of water you need to dissolve the juice of one lemon, 2 tablespoons of vinegar, add a glass of oil. Put the artichokes in the brine and simmer for about 10 minutes. In sterile jars you need to put parsley, garlic, put slightly cooked artichokes, pour with brine. Such a delicacy will be ready in a day, but you can preserve the jars until winter to enjoy the taste and benefits of the fruit in the cold season. Pickled artichokes are both a stand-alone side dish and a great salad ingredient.
After harvesting, artichokes are not stored for a long time - after a week, a specific smell and characteristic taste appear. You can save a large crop of artichokes if the fruits are salted, pickled, dried or frozen. If you want to use artichokes for medicinal purposes, it is better to immediately prepare a medicine based on the buds.
In the struggle for health and longevity, a person uses not only the fruits (buds) of artichokes, but also the roots, leaves and stems of the plant. Various medicines can be prepared from them.
- Tincture. Alcohol tincture is stored for a long time, it is easy to use and it is always ready to hand. For the preparation of alcoholic tincture, the fruits and leaves of the plant should be used. They are crushed, placed in a dark glass bottle, and poured over with alcohol or vodka. The more raw materials, the more concentrated the drug will be at the exit. The tincture is prepared for 2-3 weeks in a cool place, it needs to be shaken periodically to make the medicine saturated. Next, filter the tincture and store in the refrigerator, take a tablespoon diluted in a glass of water three times a day. This will help cleanse the liver, ease the work of the gallbladder, and get rid of edema.
- Decoction from the roots. This medication is effective in diabetes mellitus and, if necessary, to lower blood cholesterol levels. The roots are crushed, poured with boiling water, let it brew for at least an hour. To get the broth faster, you can boil the roots in a water bath for 10-15 minutes. The cooled and strained broth is taken in half a glass in the morning and in the evening.
- Artichoke juice. You can make a healing juice from a fresh artichoke, for this you just need to chop and strain the pulp or use a juicer. Fresh juice of the buds is taken one tablespoon three times a day, it helps to reduce sugar in diabetes, get rid of impotence, juice is effective in neurological disorders. Fresh juice is also used for cosmetic purposes - it has a bactericidal effect. To preserve excess juice, it can be frozen in ice cubes.
If you are suffering from constipation, it is better to consume fresh artichokes along with the pulp - after all, this is a valuable vegetable fiber. Plus, if you cook your artichokes right, they'll be incredibly delicious!
The artichoke is a magical plant that can be called a delicious treat and a medicine at the same time. Eat artichokes, be healthy, beautiful and full of energy!
Video: artichoke - a royal delicacy